Abstract
Agricultural work involves many health hazards, and these can induce related health problems. However, because of low public concern and insufficient political support in the South Korean agricultural sector, agricultural health and safety is facing a serious crisis. The common work-related diseases of agricultural workers are the work-related musculoskeletal diseases like osteoarthritis of the hip and low back pain, skin diseases, pesticide poisoning, infectious and respiratory diseases, and the health effects of exposure to physical agents. For the most part, these health problems are related directly to agriculture work. Given the paucity of research into agricultural practices in Korea in general, there is little information about agricultural health and safety conditions in particular. To protect agricultural worker health and prevent the hazards related to farm work, comprehensive approaches are needed in rural areas.
References
1. Hawkes C, Ruel MT. Understanding the links between agriculture and health [Internet]. 2006. cited 2012 Sep 28. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute;Available from: http://www.ifpri.org/2020/focus/focus13/focus13.pdf.
2. Lipton M, de Kadt E. Agriculture-health linkages. 1988. Geneva: World Health Organization.
3. Loh IK. Innovative approaches to the health problems of rural Korea. Korean J Rural Med. 1976. 1:5–9.
4. Lim HS. Health hazards of farming and fishing in Korea. Korean J Rural Med. 2002. 27:197–215.
5. Statistics Korea. Korean Statistical Information Service [Internet]. 2012. cited 2012 Sep 28. Daejeon: Statistics Korea;Available from: http://kosis.kr/index/index.jsp.
6. Statistics Korea. e-National Indicators [Internet]. 2012. cited 2012 Sep 28. Daejeon: Statistics Korea;Available from: http://www.index.go.kr/egams/index.jsp.
7. United Nations Development Programme. Human development report 2007/2008: fighting climate change: human solidarity in a divided world [Internet]. 2007. cited 2012 Sep 28. New Work: Palgrave Macmillan;Available from: http://hdr.undp.org/en/media/HDR_20072008_EN_Complete.pdf.
8. Rwamamara RA, Lagerqvist O, Olofsson T, Johansson BM, Kaminskas KA. Evidence-based prevention of work-related musculoskeletal injuries in construction industry. J Civ Eng Manag. 2010. 16:499–509.
9. Walker-Bone K, Palmer KT. Musculoskeletal disorders in farmers and farm workers. Occup Med (Lond). 2002. 52:441–450.
10. Hartman E, Oude Vrielink HH, Huirne RB, Metz JH. Risk factors for sick leave due to musculoskeletal disorders among self-employed Dutch farmers: a case-control study. Am J Ind Med. 2006. 49:204–214.
11. Rural Development Administration. Farmer's health and farming management practice. 2008. Seoul: Kwangmundang.
12. Kim KR. A study on the farmer's health status and musculoskeletal workload [dissertation]. 2008. Seoul: Seoul National University.
13. Kim KR, Choi JW. Disease, accident and health behavior of in farmers and fishermen. J Agric Med Community Health. 2005. 30:279–292.
14. Lee WJ, Cha ES, Moon EK. Disease prevalence and mortality among agricultural workers in Korea. J Korean Med Sci. 2010. 25:Suppl. S112–S118.
15. Osborne A, Blake C, Fullen BM, Meredith D, Phelan J, McNamara J, Cunningham C. Prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders among farmers: a systematic review. Am J Ind Med. 2012. 55:143–158.
16. Croft P, Coggon D, Cruddas M, Cooper C. Osteoarthritis of the hip: an occupational disease in farmers. BMJ. 1992. 304:1269–1272.
17. Croft P, Cooper C, Wickham C, Coggon D. Osteoarthritis of the hip and occupational activity. Scand J Work Environ Health. 1992. 18:59–63.
18. Thelin A, Holmberg S. Hip osteoarthritis in a rural male population: a prospective population-based register study. Am J Ind Med. 2007. 50:604–607.
19. Sun MH, Park IS, Jo GY. Survey of the musculoskeletal pain among farmers in the rural community. Korean J Rural Med. 1991. 16:40–47.
20. Jung S, Chae Y, Roh S. Comparing the characteristics of CTS by the frequency of exposure to wrist-burdening work: CTS surveillance system, 2001-2004. Korean J Occup Environ Med. 2010. 22:85–94.
21. Burke W. Langley R, McLymore R, Meggs W, Roberson G, editors. Skin diseases in farmers. Safety and health in agriculture, forestry and fisheries. 1997. Rockville: Government Institutes;322–352.
22. Donham KJ, Thelin A. Agricultural medicine: occupational and environmental health for the health professions. 2006. Ames: Blackwell Publishing.
23. Irby CE, Yentzer BA, Vallejos QM, Arcury TA, Quandt SA, Feldman SR. The prevalence and possible causes of contact dermatitis in farmworkers. Int J Dermatol. 2009. 48:1166–1170.
24. Suh HS, Jung EC, Chang SE, Suh CW, Park IJ, Han MH, Kim SH, Ahn SJ, Choi JH, Sung KJ, Moon KC, Koh JK. Distribution and recognition of skin diseases in rural areas. Korean J Dermatol. 2001. 39:139–146.
25. Korea Ministry of Government Legislation. Agricultural Chemicals Regulation Law, Article 2. 2011. 07. 25.
26. Lee WJ, Cha ES, Park J, Ko Y, Kim HJ, Kim J. Incidence of acute occupational pesticide poisoning among male farmers in South Korea. Am J Ind Med. 2012. 55:799–807.
28. Kim HJ, Cha ES, Ko Y, Kim J, Kim SD, Lee WJ. Pesticide poisonings in South Korea: findings from the National Hospital Discharge Survey 2004-2006. Hum Exp Toxicol. 2012. 31:751–758.
30. Lee K, Lim HS. Work-related injuries and diseases of farmers in Korea. Ind Health. 2008. 46:424–434.
31. Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Informations of infectious diseases [Internet]. 2012. cited 2012 Sep 28. Cheongwon: Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention;Available from: http://www.cdc.go.kr/CDC/.
32. Ahn YS, Lim HS. Occupational diseases among agricultural, forestry and fishery workers approved by Korea Labor Welfare Corporation. Korean J Occup Environ Med. 2007. 19:1–16.
33. Kim SH, Jang JY. Correlations between climate change-related infectious diseases and meteorological factors in Korea. J Prev Med Public Health. 2010. 43:436–444.
34. Linaker C, Smedley J. Respiratory illness in agricultural workers. Occup Med (Lond). 2002. 52:451–459.
35. Respiratory health hazards in agriculture. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1998. 158(5 Pt 2):S1–S76.
36. Ramazzini B. Diseases of workers. 1964. New York: Hafner;Translated from the Latin text De morbis artificum of 1713 by Wilmer Cave Wright, with an introduction by George Rosen.
37. Campbell JM. Acute symptoms following work with hay. Br Med J. 1932. 2:1143–1144.
38. Pepys J, Jenkins PA, Festenstein GN, Gregory PH, Lacey ME, Skinner FA. Famer's lung: thermophilic actinomycetes as a source of "farmer's lung hay" antigen. Lancet. 1963. 2:607–611.
39. Korn-Wendisch F, Kempf A, Grund E, Kroppenstedt RM, Kutzner HJ. Transfer of Faenia rectivirgula kurup and agre 1983 to the genus Saccharopolyspora lacey and goodfellow 1975, elevation of Saccharopolyspora hirsuta subsp. taberi labeda 1987 to species level, and emended description of the genus Saccharopolyspora. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 1989. 39:430–441.