Antiretroviral Therapy for Treatment of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection

Myung-Don Oh

doi:10.5124/jkma.2007.50.4.316

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Oh: Antiretroviral Therapy for Treatment of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection

Focused Issue of This Month

HIV/AIDS

Journal of the Korean Medical Association

Journal of the Korean Medical Association 2007; 50(4): 316-323.

Published online: 30 April 2007

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5124/jkma.2007.50.4.316

Antiretroviral Therapy for Treatment of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection

Myung-Don Oh, MD

Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Korea. mdohmd@snu.ac.kr

Abstract

It has now been 20 years since the first demonstration that antiretroviral drug, azidothymidine, not only reduce human immunodeficiency virus type 1(HIV-1) replication but also improve clinical outcome. Antiretroviral therapy for treatment of HIV-1 infection has improved steadily since the introduction of combination therapy in 1996. With the advancement of antiretroviral therapy, the mortality of AIDS patients has markedly improved. Now, more than 20 anti-HIV drugs have been approved, providing more convenient dosing schedule and improved safety profiles. Despite these advances, suppression of HIV-1 replication would not sufficient to eradicate HIV-1 infection. This means that once antiretroviral therapy is initiated, patients can expect to be taking it for the rest of their lives. And long-term drug toxicities, development of drug resistant HIV-1, treatment cost have been emerging as new challenges for the treatment of HIV-1 infection. As the life expectancy of HIV-1 patients have been increased, chronic illnesses such as cardiovascular diseases, chronic liver diseases, and malignancies have emerged as major cause of mortality and morbidities of HIV-1 patients. Therefore, comprehensive care and team approaches have becoming increasingly important for the care of HIV-1 patients.

Keywords: HIV-1 infection, Antiretroviral therapy, Antiretroviral drugs

Figures and Tables

Table 1

Currently available anti-HIV drugs

Table 2

Risk of progression to AIDS or death after 3 years, according to CD4+ T cell count and HIV RNA level

Table 3

Anti-HIV drugs recommended for treatment of HIV-1 infection in treatment naive patients

To construct a regimen, select one component from column (A) or (B) + one from column(C)

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