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Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the difference of airway between skeletal Class III malocclusion according to gender and to analyze the relationship between airway size and oral maxillofacial position. The total of 40 study subjects was sampled by judgment sampling, who were under 1 degree ANB and who wanted orthognathic surgery. They were taken with lateral cephalometric radiograph and the photos were used for final analysis. The variables were calculated using mean and standard deviation, those were analyzed by independent t-test, Pearson's correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis. It was located forward than the female that was the measurements of frontal bone, maxilla, mandible, and mentum in the male. The laryngeal pharynx size of the hard and soft tissues was also longer than the female. It was not statistically significant that was the correlation between the variables and the oral pharynx size. However, the width of the laryngeal pharynx increased with male and mandibular protrusion, and it was increased with the position of the anterior of frontal bone, maxilla, and mentum. The variables affecting the airway size are the laryngeal pharynx width of the hard and soft tissue.
References
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Fig. 1.
Craniometric point, plane, angle, and distance. S (Sella turcica, the central point of pituitary gland of sphenoid bone), N (Nasion, the nodal point between sutura of nasal bone and frontal bone and sutura of nasal bone) Or (Orbitale, the most inferior point of orbit), PNS (Posterior nasal spine, the most posterior point of hard palate), A (A point, the most posterior point of curvature lipping between fundus of mandible and alveolar bone), B (B point, the most posterior point of median sutura of mandibular outline), Pog (Pogonion, the most anterior point of median sutura of mandibular outline), Ba (Basion, the most anterior inferior point of greater occipital foramen), Po (Porion, the most superior point of external acoustic meatus), APH (the most anterior point of hyoid bone), AA (the most anterior point of anterior arch of 1st atlas), CV3ia (the most inferior point of 3rd atlas), ad (the nodal point between posterior pharyngeal wall and connecting line from PNS to Ba), apw2 (the nodal point between anterior pharyngeal wall and connecting line from the most anterior point of hyoid bone to the most anterior point of 2nd atlas), ppw2 (the nodal point between posterior pharyngeal wall and connecting line from the most anterior point of hyoid bone to the most anterior posterior point of 2nd atlas).
Table 1.
The angle and distance measurements of the skull
Table 2.
The correlations among the gender, the angle, and the distance measurements of the skull
| Gender | ANB | S-Pog | S-A | S-N | CV3ia-APH | apw2-ppw2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender# 1 | ||||||
| ANB 0.537∗∗ | 1 | |||||
| S-Pog −0.678∗∗ | –0.556∗∗ | 1 | ||||
| S-A −0.544∗∗ | 0.059 | 0.689∗∗ | 1 | |||
| S-N −0.535∗∗ | –0.195 | 0.424∗∗ | 0.724∗∗ | 1 | ||
| CV3ia-APH −0.628∗∗ | –0.504∗∗ | 0.468∗∗ | 0.389∗ | 0.573∗∗ | 1 | |
| apw2-ppw2–0.535∗∗ | –0.509∗∗ | 0.598∗∗ | 0.459∗∗ | 0.544∗∗ | 0.789∗∗ | 1 |
Table 3.
The influencing factors on the hard tissue of laryngeal pharynx
| Independent variable | B | SE | β | t | p-value# |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | –2.674 | 1.364 | –0.299 | –1.960 | 0.058 |
| ANB | –0.432 | 0.576 | –0.252 | –.750 | 0.458 |
| S-Pog | –0.217 | 0.209 | –0.407 | –1.036 | 0.308 |
| S-A | 0.197 | 0.490 | 0.194 | 0.402 | 0.690 |
| S-N | 0.061 | 0.274 | 0.055 | 0.224 | 0.824 |
| apw2-ppw2 | 0.692 | 0.145 | 0.625 | 4.765 | 0.000 |
Table 4.
The influencing factors on the soft tissue of laryngeal pharynx
| Independent variable | B | SE | β | t | p-value# |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | 1.833 | 1.290 | 0.227 | 1.421 | 0.165 |
| ANB | –0.188 | 0.535 | –0.121 | –0.352 | 0.727 |
| S-Pog | 0.143 | 0.194 | 0.296 | 0.733 | 0.469 |
| S-A | 0.055 | 0.453 | 0.060 | 0.121 | 0.904 |
| S-N | 0.099 | 0.252 | 0.099 | 0.394 | 0.696 |
| CV3ia-APH | 0.589 | 0.124 | 0.652 | 4.765 | 0.000 |
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