Abstract
This study compared levels of health beliefs and health behavior practices according to lifestyle pattern among adults in Seoul. A self-administered survey questionnaire was collected from a total of 1,004 Seoul residents aged 30-59 years. The levels of perceived benefit, perceived barrier, and self-efficacy from health belief model and health behavior practices were measured across multiple health behavior areas including dietary behavior, drinking, smoking, exercise, functional food consumption, and weight control behavior. Factor analysis and subsequent cluster analysis based on 28 lifestyle questions divided the subjects into four lifestyles of society-, economy-, trend-, and health-oriented lifestyle. Some general characteristics were significantly different by lifestyles. The society-oriented lifestyle was significantly higher in proportions of men and overweight. The trend-oriented lifestyle was significantly younger and spent more monthly allowance. Health-oriented lifestyle was older. The levels of health belief variables and health behavior practices significantly differed by lifestyles. Overall the health-oriented lifestyle showed more desirable levels of health belief variables and health behavior practice in various health behavior areas compared to the other lifestyles, whereas the society-oriented lifestyle was found the other way. Health belief model variables including perceived benefit, perceived barrier, and self-efficacy were generally significant in predicting the levels of various health behavior practice, with somewhat differences by lifestyle pattern and health behavior type. The study findings suggest it may be useful to segment target subjects according to lifestyle pattern in planning and administering health education programs.
Figures and Tables
Fig. 1
Scores of seven lifestyle factors for each lifestyle group by cluster analysis. A: Future guaranty-seeking type, B: Self-trusting type, C: Information-applying type, D: Plan-emphasizing type, E: Society-oriented type, F: Trend-following type, G: Health-seeking type.
![kjcn-16-683-g001](/upload/SynapseData/ArticleImage/0106kjcn/kjcn-16-683-g001.jpg)
References
1. Bandura A. Self-efficacy: Toward a unifying theory of behavioral change. Psychol Rev. 1977. 84:191–215.
2. Becker MH. The health belief model and sick role behavior, the health belief model and personal health behavior. 1974. New Jersey: Carles B. Slack;82–92.
3. Cheng SH, Na YJ, Lee EH, Chang KJ. Anthropometric measurement, dietary behaviors, health-related behaviors and nutrient intake according to lifestyles of college students. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr. 2007. 36(12):1560–1570.
4. Choi EJ, Chang WK. Analysis of high risk drinking behaviors among adult drinkers. J Korean Alcohol Sci. 2007. 8:29–38.
5. Glanz K, Lewis FM, Rimer BK. Health behavior and health education: Theory, research and practice. 1990. 2nd ed. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publisher;41–178.
6. Granner MN, Sargent RG, Calderon KS, Hussey JR, Evans AE, Watkins KW. Factors of fruit and vegetable intake by race, gender, and age among young adolescents. J Nutr Educ Behav. 2004. 36(4):173–180.
7. Hong YM, Lee CY, Lee KH, Bae SH, Ham OK, Han JH. Predicting adolescents smoking behavior using health belief model. J Korea Community Health Nurs Acad Soc. 2004. 18(2):218–224.
8. James E, Blackwell R, Kollat D. Consumer Behavior. 1983. 4th ed. New York: Holt. Rinehart and Winston;188.
9. Janz N, Becker M. The health belief model: A decade later. Health Educ Quartely. 1984. 11:1–47.
10. Joseph T, Plummer JP. The concept and application of lifestyle segmentation. J Marketing. 1974. 38:33–37.
11. Jung SK, Jang YJ. Eating habits and workout patterns of some college student. J Korea Community Health Nurs Acad Soc. 2000. 14(2):415–430.
12. Jung YJ, Kim SY, Son CB, Kim MR, Lee SY, Youk HS. food habits & diet. 2008. Seoul: Powerbook;185.
13. Kasl SV, Cobb S. Health behavior, illness behavior, and sick role behavior. Arch Environ Health. 1966. 12:246–266.
14. Kim HK, Kim JH. Relationship between stress and eating habits of adults in Ulsan. Korean J Nutr. 2009. 42(6):536–546.
15. Kim HS, Hur JS. A study of influential factors on health promoting behaviors of the elderly: Focusing on senior citizens living in Seoul. J Korean Gerontol Soc. 2010. 30(4):1129–1143.
16. Kim SK. Development of lifestyle assessment inventory for wellness of Korean adults. Korean J Phys Educ. 2000. 39(4):963–982.
17. Kim SS. The study on the influential factors of adolescent's drinking behavior and intention. J Korean Alcohol Sci. 2006. 7(2):73–96.
18. Kim YH, Yang JK, Lee JH. Application of self-determination theory to predicting stages of change for physical activity behavior. Korean J Sport Sci. 2007. 18(4):208–217.
19. Ko WK. A study on marketing of the chinese healthy food buying behavior of Chinese consumer. 2003. Seoul National University;70–71. MS thesis.
20. Koo NS, Park JY. Consumption aspects of health supplements or health foods by adult male and female in Daejon. J Korean Living Sci Assoc. 2001. 10(2):205–213.
21. Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Korea Health Statistics. 2009. cited 2010 December 15. Available from http://www.knhanes.cdc.go.kr.
22. Kwon C, Nam CH, Shin HK, Kim Gh, Lee MK, Ha EP. Drinking aspect of community residents and its related factors. J Korean Alcohol Sci. 2002. 3(1):36–52.
23. Lee HM. How the customer satisfaction through the Lifestyle affects the repurchase intention of silver customer -Silver clothes market-. 2006. Daejon University;42–44. Dissertation.
24. Lee YS, Jeong MS. The influences of healthcare consumer's health lifestyle and information search on satisfaction. Korean J Health Econ Policy. 2003. 9(1):97–116.
25. Lee JY. A study on well-being behaviors in Korea -In relation with perception of well-being and lifestyle-. 2005. Sungshin Women's University;92–93. Ph. Dissertation.
26. Lee SA. A comparative study on dietary habits and health related factors in the shift-work and the day work policemen. 2008. Wonkwang University;82–83. MS thesis.
27. Levy SJ. Symbolism and life style, in stephen A, Greyred, Toward Scientific Marketing. 1963. Chicago: American Marketing Association;140–150.
28. Dietary guidelines. Ministry of Health and Welfare. 2009. cited 2010 November 01. Available from http://www.mw.go.kr.
29. Moon SJ, Choi HK, Jeoung SH. Life style and health care behaviors: The study on Japanese elderly. J Korean Fam Resour Manage Assoc. 2001. 5(2):99–113.
30. Na SY, Ko SY, Eom SH, Kim KW. Intakes and beliefs of vegetables and fruits, self-efficacy nutrition knowledge, eating behavior of elementary school students in Kyunggi area. Korean J Community Nutr. 2010. 15(3):329–341.
31. Na YJ, Lee EH, Chang KJ. Credit-card use and clothing purchasing according to lifestyles of college students. J Korean Soc Clothing Ind. 2004. 6:585–594.
32. Nam SG, Han YS, Oniduka J. A study on lifestyle, health promoting lifestyle and sports activity: Focused on the comparison of Korea and Japan. Korean J Sport Sci. 2009. 18(3):97–108.
33. Oh SK, Ahn CK. A study of the cause and effect relationship among lifestyle, sport benefit, and sport consuming behavior in social influences. Korean J Phy Educ. 2000. 39(2):738–750.
34. Park YG, Park MY, Sung MK, Kwon HJ. Study on the intake pattern of health intended foods depending on inclusion of proclaimed health functional food materials. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr. 2005. 34(3):374–379.
35. Pearson N, Ball K, Crawford D. Predictors of changes in adolescents consumption of fruits, vegetables and energy-dense snacks. Br J Nutr. 2011. 105(5):795–803.
36. Ryu YH. The analysis of the factors affecting the middle-aged men and women's purchase action of health promotion foods in the some areas of Gangwondo -Centered on lifestyle-. 2008. Yonsei University;37–41. MS thesis.
37. Son KM, Kim YH, Park SR. The relationship between transtheoritical model and health belief model to explain exercise behavior. Korean J Phys Educ. 2009. 48(6):163–173.
38. Wells WD. Psychographics: "Psychographics A critical review". J Marketing Res. 1975. 12:196–213.
39. Yi CH. A comparative approach to compliance of breast self-examination between Korean and American women. 2000. Inje University;37–38. MS thesis.
40. Yun S, Jeong HR, Kim MH. A survey on the breakfast skipping rate of Korean adults relate to their lifestyle and breakfast skipping reasons and dietary behavior of breakfast skippers. Korean J Community Nutr. 2010. 15(2):191–205.