PDF
ePub
Citation
Print
Abstract
Purpose
Since 2001, breast cancer has been the most common type of cancer observed in Korean women. Due to improved screening and treatment, multiple primary cancer (MPC) in association with breast cancer has been more prevalent. However, there is a lack of information regarding MPC in Korea. Therefore, this study was conducted to provide an overview of the clinical characteristics of MPC that occurs in association with breast cancer.
Methods
We retrospectively investigated 149 patients with MPC, including breast cancer patients, who were treated between July 1989 and December 2005 at the Breast clinic in Asan Medical Center. Patients with contra-lateral breast cancer as well as patients that experienced a recurrence of breast cancer were excluded from this study. We studied the clinical characteristics of patients including the mean age, stage of disease, hormone receptor status, cause of death, common cancers that were combined with breast cancer, the time interval between the onset of breast cancer and other cancers, and mean survival. We considered the cancer to be synchronous if a second cancer has been diagnosed at least six months before the diagnosis of an initial primary cancer, however, other forms of cancer were considered to be metachronous.
Results
Of 149 patients, 146 patients were female (98.0%) and 3 were male (2.0%). The mean age of the study group was 51.5, which is higher than the mean age of 47.3 that was observed in breast cancer patients at our hospital during the same period (p<0.001). Forty-four of the patients evaluated in this study had synchronous cases of cancer, whereas the remaining 88 patients had metachronous MPC. In metachronous cancers, the average time between diagnosis with the primary cancer and the secondary cancer was 5.2 yr. The most common cancer found to be combined with breast cancer included cancer of the thyroid (45, 29.2%), cervix and uterus (28, 18.2%), stomach (19, 12.3%), colon and rectum (15, 9.7%), ovary (11, 7.1%) and lung (9, 5.8%).
Figures and Tables
Table 1
Age proportion of the multiple primary cancer in patients with breast cancer at Asan Medical center, 1989-2005
References
1. Korea Central Cancer Registry. 2002 Annual report of the Korea Central Cancer Registry. 2003. Gwacheon: Ministry of Health and Welfare, Republic of Korea.
2. Tanaka H, Tsukuma H, Koyama H, Kinoshita Y, Kinoshita N, Oshima A. Second primary cancers following breast cancer in the Japanese female population. Jpn J Cancer Res. 2001. 92:1–8.
3. Parikh B, Advani S. Pattern of second primary neoplasm following breast cancer. J Surg Oncol. 1996. 63:179–182.
4. Kim CG, Chang JW. Multiple primary cancer. J Korean Surg Soc. 1970. 12:63–71.
5. Yoon HK, Kim JP. Multiple primary malignant neoplasm. J Korean Surg Soc. 1984. 29:1–9.
6. Koo DJ, Yoon DS, Lee JJ, Park CJ. Clinical analysis of 65 multiple primary cancer cases. J Korean Surg Soc. 1999. 56:137–142.
7. Warren S, Gates O. Multiple primary malignant tumors. Survey of literature and statistical study. Am J Cancer. 1932. 16:1358–1414.
8. Son BH, Yoon HS, Kwak HS, Lee PC, Ko BK, Kim JS, et al. Clinical analysis of breast cancer surgeries in Korea. J Korean Surg Soc. 2001. 60:470–476.
9. Raymond JS, Hogue CJ. Multiple primary tumors in women following breast cancer, 1973-2000. Br J Cancer. 2006. 94:1745–1750.
10. Cleary JB, Kanazarian KK, Merschimer WL. Multiple primary cancer. Am J Surg. 1975. 129:686–690.
11. Min YK, Kim NR, Kang SH, Cho SJ, Kim AR, Lee JB, et al. Clinical analysis of 28 multiple primary cancer (MPC) including breast cancer. J Korean Surg Soc. 2002. 62:37–42.
12. Mellemkjaer L, Friis S, Olsen JH, Scelo G, Hemminki K, Tracey E, et al. Risk of second cancer among women with breast cancer. Int J Cancer. 2006. 118:2285–2292.
13. Murakami R, Hiyama T, Hanai A, Fujimoto I. Second primary cancers following female breast cancer in Osaka, Japan-a population-based cohort study. Jpn J Clin Oncol. 1987. 17:293–302.
14. Schenker JG, Levinsky R, Ohel G. Multiple primary malignant neoplasms in breast cancer patients in Israel. Cancer. 1984. 54:145–150.
15. Matesich SM, Shapiro CL. Second cancers after breast cancer treatment. Sem Oncol. 2003. 30:740–748.
16. Gallion HH, Smith SA. Hereditary ovarian carcinoma. Sem Surg Oncol. 1994. 10:249–254.
17. Choi DH. Breast cancer gene, BRCA1 and BRCA2. J Korean Breast Cancer Soc. 2002. 6:45–57.
18. Shih HA, Nathanson KL, Seal S, Collins N, Stratton MR, Rebbeck TR, et al. BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations in breast cancer families with multiple primary cancers. Clin Can Res. 2000. 6:4259–4264.
19. Kang HC, Kim IJ, Park JH, Kwon HJ, Won YJ, Heo SC, et al. Germline mutations of BRCA1 and BRCA2 in Korean breast and/or ovarian cancer families. Hum Mutat. 2002. 20:235–239.
20. Ahn SH, Son BH, Yoon KS, Noh DY, Han W, Kim SW, et al. BRCA1 and BRCA2 germline mutations in Korean breast cancer patients at high risk of carrying mutations. Cancer Lett. 2007. 245:90–95.
21. The Korean Breast Cancer Society. Survival Analysis of Korean Breast Cancer Patients Diagnosed between 1993 and 2002 in Korea - A Nationwide Study of the Cancer Registry. J Breast Cancer. 2006. 9:214–229.
22. Shin HJ, Han WS, Kim SW, Hwang KT, Hwang SE, Lee JE, et al. Postoperative Survival and Prognostic Factors in Breast Cancer. J Breast Cancer. 2006. 9:55–60.
XML Download