Journal List > Infect Chemother > v.43(6) > 1035121

Lee: Trend of Bacterial Resistance for the Past 50 Years in Korea and Future Perspectives - Gram-negative Bacteria

Abstract

The increasing prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria has become a serious problem in many parts of the world, including Korea. The resistance of of Gram-positive cocci was once considered to be a more serious problem, but the recent emergence of multi-resistant Gram-negative bacilli has raised great concerns. In Korea, the prevalence of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae and fluoroquinolone-resistant E. coli, K. pneumoniae, Acinetobacter spp., and Pseudomonas aeruginosa has gradually increased. The increase in imipenem resistance was slight in P. aeruginosa, but drastic in Acinetobacter spp. It is certain that problematic antimicrobial-organism combinations are prevalent in Korea, increase of resistant bacteria will continue in the future. The development of new antimicrobial agents is considered difficult. Therefore, it is very important to use existing antimicrobial agents prudently, to extend the efficacy, to prevent infections, and tostrengthen infection control measures to prevent spread of resistant bacteria.

Figures and Tables

Figure 1
Antimicrobial resistance (%) of E. coli and K. pneumoniae.
FUQ, fluoroquinolone; CTX, cefotaine; FOX, cefoxitin; AMK, amikacin.
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Figure 2
Increasing imipenem resistance at Korean hospitals.
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Table 1
The Approximate Year of Introduction of Antimicrobial agents and Consequent Emergence of Resistant Bacteria
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ABA, A. baumannii; ACI, Acinetobacter spp.; ESBL, extended-spectrum β-lactamase; MBL, metallo-β-lactamase; MRSA, methicillin-resistant S. aureus; PABL, plasmid-mediated AmpC β-lactamase; ; VRE, vancomycin-resistant enterococci; → R, approximate year of first detection of resistance to the relevant antibiotic.

Table 2
Epidemiology of Plasmid AmpC β-lactamases
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Table 3
Metallo- and OXA-type Carbapenemase Genes Detected among 547 Acinetobacter Isolates
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aISAba1-activated.

bgenomospecies 13TU (82); genomospecies 3 (62); bereziniae (13); genomospecies 14TU (2).

Table 4
Antimicrobial Resistance of Clinically Important Gram-negative bacilli Isolated at Hospitals in 2009
ic-43-458-i004

Non-T, non-Typhoidal.

aNumber of isolates.

bnot tested.

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