Effects of enamel matrix derivatives on the proliferation and the release of growth factors of human periodontal ligament cells

Gyu-Un Jung; Eun-Kyoung Pang

doi:10.4047/jkap.2016.54.3.203

Journal List > J Korean Acad Prosthodont > v.54(3) > 1034871

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Jung and Pang: Effects of enamel matrix derivatives on the proliferation and the release of growth factors of human periodontal ligament cells

ORIGINAL ARTICLE

J Korean Acad Prosthodont 2016;54(3):203-209.

Published online: 18 December 2016

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4047/jkap.2016.54.3.203

Effects of enamel matrix derivatives on the proliferation and the release of growth factors of human periodontal ligament cells

Gyu-Un Jung¹, Eun-Kyoung Pang^2,^∗

^¹Department of Periodontology, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea

^²Department of Periodontology, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea

∗Corresponding Author: Eun-Kyoung Pang Department of Periodontology, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University 1071 Anyancheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul 07985, Republic of Korea +82 (0)2 2650 2725: e-mail, eunkyoungpang@gmail.com

Received 25 January 20162 April 2016 Accepted 14 April 2016

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Purpose

Stimulating the proliferation and migration of periodontal ligament cells (PDLCs) has become the main goal of periodontal regeneration. To accomplish this goal, regeneration procedures have been developed, but results have not been predictable. Recently, tissue engineering using enamel matrix derivatives (EMDs) and growth factors has been applied to periodontal regeneration; however, the mechanism of EMDs is largely unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of EMDs on the proliferation and release of growth factors from PDLCs.

Materials and methods

Human PDLCs were removed from individually extracted 3rd molars of healthy young adults, and cultured in the media containing EMDs (Emdogain, Biora, Malmo, Sweden) at concentration of 0, 12.5, 25, 50, 100, and 200 μ g/mL each. Cell proliferation and ALP (alkaline phosphatase) activity were measured. The evaluation of growth factors released by PDLCs was also performed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Bonferroni's multiple comparison test.

Results

Significantly increased proliferation and ALP activity were observed in PDLCs treated with over 25 μ g/mL and 50 μ g/mL EMDs, respectively. Additionally, treatment of PDLCs with 50 μ g/mL resulted in significantly increased release of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β after 24 h and 48 h, respectively.

Conclusion

EMDs enhance the proliferation and ALP activity of PDLCs, and promote the release of growth factors, including VEGF and TGF-β, from PDLCs. Therefore EMDs could be one of the effective methods for periodontal regeneration. (J Korean Acad Prosthodont 2016;54:203-9)

Keywords: words, Enamel matrix derivatives, Periodontal ligament, Periodontal regeneration, Tissue engineering, Growth factor

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Fig. 1.

The effect of different enamel matrix derivatives (EMDs) concentrations on the proliferation of PDLCs. The results represent the means ± SD of three replicates. ∗ Significantly different from the control group (P < .05).

Fig. 2.

The effects of different EMDs concentrations on the ALP activity of PDLCs. The results represent the means ± SD of three replicates. ∗ Significantly different from the control group (P < .05).

Fig. 3.

Time-dependent effect of EMDs (50 μ g/mL) on the release of VEGF from PDLCs. The results represent the means ± SD of three replicates. ∗ Significantly different from the control group (P < .05).

Fig. 4.

Time-dependent effect of EMDs (50 μ g/mL) on the release of TGF-β from PDLCs. The results represent the means ± SD of three replicates. ∗ Significantly different from the control group (P < .05).

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