Effect of immobilization of the recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (rhBMP-2) on anodized implants coated with heparin for improving alveolar ridge augmentation in beagle dogs: Radiographic observations

So-Hyoun Lee; Jae-Young Jo; Mi-Jung Yun; Young-Chan Jeon; Jung-Bo Huh; Chang-Mo Jeong

doi:10.4047/jkap.2013.51.4.307

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Lee, Jo, Yun, Jeon, Huh, and Jeong: Effect of immobilization of the recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (rhBMP-2) on anodized implants coated with heparin for improving alveolar ridge augmentation in beagle dogs: Radiographic observations

ORIGINAL ARTICLE

J Korean Acad Prosthodont 2013;51(4):307-314.

Published online: NaN October 2013

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4047/jkap.2013.51.4.307

Effect of immobilization of the recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (rhBMP-2) on anodized implants coated with heparin for improving alveolar ridge augmentation in beagle dogs: Radiographic observations

So-Hyoun Lee, DDS, Jae-Young Jo, MSD, DDS, Mi-Jung Yun, MSD, DDS, PhD, Young-Chan Jeon, MSD, DDS, PhD, Jung-Bo Huh, MSD, DDS, PhD, Chang-Mo Jeong, MSD, DDS, PhD^∗

Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Institute of Translational Dental Sciences, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea

∗Corresponding Author: Chang-Mo Jeong Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Beomeo-ri, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan, Gyeongnam, 626-870, Korea +82 55 360 5130: e-mail, cmjeong@pusan.ac.kr

∗This research was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (2012R1A1A1005122).

Received 16 September 20132 October 2013 Accepted 8 October 2013

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Purpose

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of immobilization of the recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (rhBMP-2) on anodized titaum implants coated with heparin to enhance the vertical alveolar ridge augmentation in the supraalveolar peri-implant defect region.

Materials and methods

18 pure titanium implants (7.0 mm in length, 3.5 mm in diameter) were manufactured for this study. All implants were anodized and designed insertion reference line marked with laser at the apical 2.5 mm from the fixture platform. Implantation of 6 noncoated anodized implants (Control group), 6 anodized implants physically adsorbed with rhBMP-2 by dip and dry method (BMP group) and 6 anodized implants chemically immobilized 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA)-heparin/ rhBMP-2 (Hep-BMP group) was performed in the both mandibular of three male adult beagle dogs using split-mouth design. Radiologic examinations were performed immediately after implant placement and 4 and 8 weeks after implant placement. The amount of mesio-distal bone augmentation was evaluated by measuring the vertical distance from the platform to the marginal bone. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way analysis of variance (SPSS version 18.0) and multiple comparison analysis of The Kruskal-Wallis test and the Mann-Whitney U test. Statistical significance was established at the 5% significant level.

Results

At the 4 weeks vertical alveolar ridge augmentation of Control group, BMP group and Hep-BMP group is 0.09 ± 0.22 mm, 1.02 ± 0.72 mm, and 1.29 ± 0.51 mm, At the 8 weeks 0.11 ± 1.26 mm, 1.11 ± 0.58 mm, 1.59 ± 0.79 mm according to radiographic observations. The two experimental groups showed a significantly increasing in vertical bone height compared with the control group (P<.05). However, there is no significant difference between the BMP group and Hep-BMP group (P>.05).

Conclusion

The rhBMP-2 coated implants were enhanced the vertical bone growth in the supraalveolar peri-implant defect area. However, there is no significant difference between chemically and physically coating method. (J Korean Acad Prosthodont 2013;51:307-14)

Keywords: Anodized implants, Dopamine, Heparin, Bone morphogenetic protein

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Fig. 1.

Schematic diagram for the immobilization of rhBMP-2 onto anodized Ti-implants coated with heparin and dopamine.

Fig. 2.

Radiographs of the mesio-distal bone height on peri-implant of two experimental groups and control group at 4 weeks and 8 weeks. The two experimental groups showed vertical bone gain at 4 and 8 weeks (arrow), whereas the control group did not show any changes.

Fig. 3.

Mean (± SD) Graph of vertical bone growth on peri-implant at 4 weeks and 8 weeks. The BMP group and Hep-BMP group (experimental groups) showed increased vertical bone height. There is no statistically significant difference between the BMP group and Hep-BMP group, whereas the two experimental groups showed a significantly different increase in vertical bone growth compared with the control group (∗P<.05).

Table 1.

Surface treatment of implant fixture used in this study

Group	N	Surface Treatment
Control	6	Anodized -Ti
BMP	6	rhBMP-2 (0.75 mg/ml)/Anodized-Ti

Hep-BMP 6 rhBMP-2 (0.75 mg/ml)/Hep-DOPA (2 mg/ml)/Anodized-Ti

Table 2.

Mean (± SD) of vertical bone growth (mm) at 4 weeks and 8 weeks

Group	4 weeks	8 weeks
Control	0.09 (± 0.22)	0.11 (± 0.16)
BMP	1.02 (± 0.72)∗	1.11 (± 0.58)∗
Hep-BMP	1.29 (± 0.51)∗	1.59 (± 0.79)∗

(∗P<.05, compared with control group)

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