A comparative study on the fit and screw joint stability of ready-made abutment and CAD-CAM custom-made abutment

Jong-Wook Kim; Yu-Ri Heo; Hee-Jung Kim; Chae-Heon Chung

doi:10.4047/jkap.2013.51.4.276

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Kim, Heo, Kim, and Chung: A comparative study on the fit and screw joint stability of ready-made abutment and CAD-CAM custom-made abutment

ORIGINAL ARTICLE

J Korean Acad Prosthodont 2013;51(4):276-283.

Published online: NaN October 2013

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4047/jkap.2013.51.4.276

A comparative study on the fit and screw joint stability of ready-made abutment and CAD-CAM custom-made abutment

Jong-Wook Kim, MSD, DDS, Yu-Ri Heo, MSD, DDS, Hee-Jung Kim, MSD, DDS, PhD, Chae-Heon Chung, MSD, DDS, PhD^∗

Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea

∗Corresponding Author: Chae-Heon Chung Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Chosun University, 303 Pilmun-daero, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 501-825, Republic of Korea +82 62 220 3820: e-mail, jhajung@chosun.ac.kr

Received 19 August 20139 September 2013 Accepted 1 October 2013

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to investigate the fit and screw joint stability between Ready-made abutment and CAD-CAM custom-made abutment.

Materials and methods

Osstem implant system was used. Ready-made abutment (Transfer abutment, Osstem Implant Co. Ltd, Busan, Korea), CAD-CAM custom-made abutment (CustomFit abutment, Osstem Implant Co. Ltd, Busan, Korea) and domestically manufactured CAD-CAM custom-made abutment (Myplant, Raphabio Co., Seoul, Korea) were fabricated five each and screws were provided by each company. Fixture and abutments were tightening with 30Ncm according to the manufacturer's instruction and then preloding reverse torque values were measured 3 times repeatedly. Kruskal-Wallis test was used for statistical analysis of the preloading reverse torque values (α =.05). After specimens were embedded into epoxy resin, wet cutting and polishing was performed and FE-SEM imaging was performed, on the contact interface.

Results

The preloading reverse torque values were 26.0 ± 0.30 Ncm (ready-made abutment; Transfer abutment) and 26.3 ± 0.32 Ncm (CAD-CAM custom-made abutment; CustomFit abutment) and 24.7 ± 0.67 Ncm (CAD-CAM custom-made abutment; Myplant). The domestically manufactured CAD-CAM custom-made abutment (Myplant abutment) presented lower preloading reverse torque value with statistically significant difference than that of the ready-made abutment (Transfer abutment) and CAD-CAM custom-made abutment (CustomFit abutment) manufactured from the same company (P=.027) and showed marginal gap in the fixture-abutment interface.

Conclusion

Within the limitation of the present in-vitro study, in domestically manufactured CAD-CAM custom-made abutment (Myplant abutment) showed lower screw joint stability and fitness between fixture and abutment. (J Korean Acad Prosthodont 2013;51:276-83)

Keywords: CAD-CAM custom-made abutment, Preloading reverse torque value, Screw joint stability, Fit

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Fig. 1.

Internal type implant fixture (GS III, Osstem Implant Co. Ltd, Busan, Korea).

Fig. 2.

Abutments used in this study. A: Ready-made abutment (Transfer abutment, Osstem Implant Co. Ltd, Busan, Korea), B: CAD-CAM custom-made abutment (CustomFit abutment, Osstem Implant Co. Ltd, Busan, Korea), C: CAD-CAM custom-made abutment (Myplant abutment, Raphabio Co., Seoul, Korea).

Fig. 3.

Screws used in this study. A: Ready-made screw (Ebony gold, Osstem Implant Co. Ltd, Busan, Korea), B: CAD-CAM custom-made screw (Titanium, Raphabio Co., Seoul, Korea).

Fig. 4.

A: Prosthetic motor screw driver, B: Digital torque wrench.

Fig. 5.

Ground and polished specimen.

Fig. 6.

FE-SEM (×150) images of fixture-abutment interface in each group. A: Ready-made abutment (Transfer abutment), B: CAD-CAM custom-made abutment (CustomFit abutment), C: CAD-CAM custom-made abutment (Myplant abutment).

Fig. 7.

FE-SEM (×150) images of abutment-screw interface in each group. A: Ready-made abutment (Transfer abutment), B: CAD-CAM custom-made abutment (CustomFit abutment), C. CAD-CAM custom-made abutment (Myplant abutment).

Fig. 8.

FE-SEM (×30) images of fixture-screw interface in each group. A: Ready-made abutment (Transfer abutment), B: CAD-CAM custom-made abutment (CustomFit abutment), C: CAD-CAM custom-made abutment (Myplant abutment).

Table 1.

Types of implant system, abutments, screws and torque value used in this study (n = 15)

Implant system	Abutments	Screws	No. of specimens	Recommended torque (Ncm)
Internal hex	Ready-made Abutment	Ebony gold	5	30 Ncm
	(Transfer abutment)	(Ready-made)
Internal hex	CAD-CAM	Ebony gold	5	30 Ncm
	custom-made abutment	(Ready-made)
	(CustomFit abutment)
Internal hex	CAD-CAM	Titanium	5	30 Ncm
	custom-made abutment	(CAD-CAM custom-made)
	(Myplant abutment)

Table 2.

Preloading reverse torque values, and statistical analysis by Kruskal-Wallis test (n = 15)

		Min. (Ncm)	Max. (Ncm)	Mean ± SD (Ncm)	Kruskal-Wallis P valu
Ready -made	Transfer abutment	25.1	26.7	26.0 ± 0.30
CAD-CAM custom-made	CustomFit abutment	25.5	27.0	26.3 ± 0.32	.004∗
	Myplant abutment	21.2	25.4	24.7 ± 0.67

∗ significantly different (P<.05)

Table 3.

Assessment of significant difference between abutment groups for preloading reverse torque values by Mann-Whitney test

	Ready -made (Transfer abutment) & CAD-CAM custom-made (CustomFit abutment)	Ready -made (Transfer abutment) & CAD-CAM custom-made (Myplant abutment)	CAD-CAM custom-made (CustomFit abutment) & CAD-CAM custom-made (Myplant abutment)
P	0.132	0.027∗	0.027∗

∗ significantly different (P<.05)

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