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Abstract
Purpose
This 3D-FEA study was performed to investigate the influence of marginal bone loss pattern around the implant to the stress distribution.
Material and methods
From the right second premolar to the right second molar of the mandible was modeled according to the CT data of a dentate patient. Teeth were removed and an implant (ф 4.0 × 10.0 mm) was placed in the first molar area. Twelve bone models were created: Studied bone loss conditions were horizontal bone loss and vertical bone loss, assumed bone loss patterns during biologic width formation, and pathologic vertical bone loss with or without cortification. Axial, buccolingual, and oblique force was applied independently to the center of the implant crown. The Maximum von Mises stress value and stress contour was observed and von Mises stresses at the measuring points were recorded.
Results
The stress distribution patterns were similar in the non-resorption and horizontal resorption models, but differed from those in the vertical resorption models. Models assuming biologic width formation showed altered stress distribution, and weak bone to implant at the implant neck area seams accelerates stress generation. In case of vertical bone resorption, contact of cortical bone to the implant may positively affect the stress distribution. (J Korean Acad Prosthodont 2010;48:111-21)
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Fig. 1.
FEA models in these experiments. A, Full contour with crown; B, Bone with implant and abutment (purple: cortical bone, brown: cancellous bone); C, Implant with abutment screw.
Fig. 2.
Schematic diagrams of experimental model. I: Initial state, VW1.5: 1.5 mm vertical bone loss with cortical bone contact, VW3.0: 3.0 mm vertical bone loss with cortical bone contact, H1.5: 1.5 mm horizontal bone loss, H3.0: 3.0 mm horizontal bone loss, B0: no resorption but slip mode in cortical bone, B1: loss of cortical bone contact (1.5 mm depth, 5.0 mm diameter, cylinder shape), B2: angled defect assuming stable state of implant with biologic width (1.5 mm deep, 5.0mm diameter at top), B3: vertical bone loss (1.5 mm deep, 5.0 mm diameter, cylinder shape) with cortical bone contact, VO: vertical bone loss without cortical bone contact.
Fig. 3.
A, Boundary conditions; B, directions of forces. V: vertical load, L: lateral force, O: Oblique force (45° inclined to the long axis of implant).
Fig. 4.
Measuring points and nomenclature of nodes. ie) A3.0 means location A in figure B and 3.0 mm away form the long axis of implant A. A: distal, B: mesial, C: buccal D: lingual.
Fig. 6.
The von Mises stress contour of Implant and bone under vertical load. The sequences of models were rearranged for the easy of comparison.
Fig. 17.
The von Mises stress contour of Implant and bone under vertical and lateral load. The results of A1, C1, C2 and C4 were presented in earlier experiments (Fig. 5, 13).
Table I.
Elements and nodes in these experiments
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