Journal List > J Korean Acad Prosthodont > v.47(1) > 1034600

Kim, Park, Bae, and Park: Precalcification Treatment of TiO2 Nanotube on Ti-6Al-4V Alloy

Abstract

Statement of problem

Recently precalcification treatment has been studied to shorten the period of the implant.

Purpose

This study was performed to evaluate the effect of precalcification treatment of TiO2 Nanotube formed on Ti-6Al-4V Alloy.

Material and methods

Specimens of 20 × 10 × 2 mm in dimensions were polished sequentially from #220 to #1000 SiC paper, ultrasonically washed with acetone and distilled water for 5 min, and dried in an oven at 50℃ for 24 hours. The nanotubular layer was processed by electrochemical anodic oxidation in electrolytes containing 0.5 M Na2SO4 and 1.0 wt% NaF. Anodization was carried out using a regulated DC power supply (Kwangduck FA, Korea) at a potential of 20 V and current density of 30 ㎃/㎠ for 2 hours. Specimens were heat-treated at 600℃ for 2 hours to crystallize the amorphous TiO2 nanotubes, and precalcified by soaking in Na2HPO4 solution for 24 hours and then in saturated Ca(OH)2 solution for 5 hours. To evaluate the bioactivity of the precalcified TiO2 nanotube layer, hydroxyapatite formation was investigated in a Hanks’ balanced salts solution with pH 7.4 at 36.5℃ for 2 weeks.

Results

Vertically oriented amorphous TiO2 nanotubes of diameters 48.0 - 65.0 ㎚ were fabricated by anodizing treatment at 20 V for 2 hours in an 0.5 M Na2SO4 and 1.0 NaF solution. TiO2 nanotubes were composed with strong anatase peak with presence of rutile peak after heat treatment at 600℃. The surface reactivity of TiO2 nanotubes in SBF solution was enhanced by precalcification treatment in 0.5 M Na2HPO4 solution for 24 hours and then in saturated Ca(OH)2 solution for 5 hours. The immersion in Hank's solution for 2 weeks showed that the intensity of TiO2 rutile peak increased but the surface reactivity decreased by heat treatment at 600℃.

Conclusion

This study shows that the precalcified treatment of TiO2 Nanotube formed on Ti-6Al-4V Alloy enhances the surface reactivity. (J Korean Acad Prosthodont 2009;47:39-45)

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Fig. 1.
FESEM images of TiO2 nanotubes anodized at 20 V for 2 hrs in 0.5 M Na2SO4 and 1 wt% NaF solution. (a) × 50 K; (b) × 100 K.
jkap-47-39f1.tif
Fig. 2.
XRD patterns of TiO2 nanotubes. (a) anodized at 20 V; (b) heat-treated at 600℃.
jkap-47-39f2.tif
Fig. 3.
XRD patterns of precalcified TiO2 nanotubes after immersed in SBF solution for 2 weeks. (a) Not heat - treated; (b) Heat-treated at 600℃.
jkap-47-39f3.tif
Fig. 4.
SEM images of TiO2 nanotubes after immersed in Hanks’ solution for 2 weeks. (a) Not heat-treated; (b) Heat-treated at 600℃.
jkap-47-39f4.tif
Fig. 5.
SEM images of precalcified TiO2 nanotubes after immersed in Hanks’ solution for 2 weeks. 3 K (a) and 10 K (b) of not heat-treated; 3 K (c) and 10 K (d) of heat-treated at 600℃.
jkap-47-39f5.tif
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