Journal List > J Korean Acad Prosthodont > v.47(3) > 1034591

Kang, Cho, Jeon, Jeong, and Yun: A study on the shear bond strengths of veneering ceramics to the colored zirconia core

Abstract

Statement of problem

Delamination of veneering porcelain from underlying ceramic substructures has been reported for zirconia-ceramic restorations. Colored zirconia cores for esthetics have been reported that their bond strength with veneered porcelain is weaker compared to white zirconia cores.

Purpose

This study aimed to investigate the shear bond strength by manufacturing the veneering porcelain on the colored zirconia core, using the layering technique and heat-pressing technique, and to evaluate the clinical stability by comparing the result of this with that of conventional metal ceramic system.

Material and methods

A Metal ceramic (MC) system was tested as a control group. The tested systems were Katana zirconia with CZR (ZB) and Katana Zirconia with NobelRondo Press (ZP). Thirty specimens, 10 for each system and control, were fabricated. Specimen disks, 3 mm high and 12 mm diameter, were fabricated with the lost-wax technique (MC) and the CAD-CAM (ZB and ZP). MC and ZB specimens were prepared using opaque and dentin veneering ceramics, veneered, 3 mm high and 2.8 mm in diameter, over the cores. ZP specimens were prepared using heat pressing ingots, 3 mm high and 2.8mm in diameter. The shear bond strength test was performed in a Shear bond test machine. Load was applied at a crosshead speed of 0.50 mm/min until failure. Mean shear bond strengths (MPa) were analyzed with the One-way ANOVA. After the shear bond test, fracture surfaces were examined by SEM.

Results

The mean shear bond strengths (SD) in MPa were MC control 29.14 (2.26); ZB 29.48 (2.30); and ZP 29.51 (2.32). The shear bond strengths of the tested systems were not significantly different (P > .05). All groups presented cohesive and adhesive failures, and showed predominance of cohesive failures in ceramic veneers.

Conclusion

1. The shear bond strengths of the tested groups were not significantly different from the control group (P > .05). 2. There was no significant different between the layering technique and the heat pressing technique in the veneering methods on the colored zirconia core. 3. All groups presented cohesive and adhesive failures, and showed predominance of cohesive failures in ceramic veneers. (J Korean Acad Prosthodont 2009;47:312-9)

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Fig. 1.
Fabricated specimens. A: MC, B: ZB, C: ZP
jkap-47-312f1.tif
Fig. 2.
Shear bond test machine (Simple Tensile Tester Model No. RB312 PETI, R&B Inc., Daejeon, Korea).
jkap-47-312f2.tif
Fig. 3.
SEM photographs of MC group after shear bond strength test (× 20). They presented cohesive and adhesive failures, and showed predominance of cohesive failures in ceramic veneers.
jkap-47-312f3.tif
Fig. 4.
SEM photographs of ZB group after shear bond strength test (× 20). They presented cohesive and adhesive failures, and showed predominance of cohesive failures in ceramic veneers.
jkap-47-312f4.tif
Fig. 5.
SEM photographs of ZP group after shear bond strength test (× 20). They presented cohesive and adhesive failures, and showed predominance of cohesive failures in ceramic veneers.
jkap-47-312f5.tif
Fig. 6.
SEM photographs of the interfaces for A: MC, B: ZB, C: ZP after shear bond strength test (× 400).
jkap-47-312f6.tif
Table I.
List of materials
Group Material Composition (%) CTE(10-6K-1) Manufacturer
MC core LY 85 Au 85%, PT 13%, Ag/Ir 3% 8.1 Samshin, Seoul, Korea
  veneer Cerabien glass ceramic 6.8 Noritake, Aichi, Japan
ZB core Katana Zirconia ZrO2 94.4%, Y2O3 5.4% 10.5 Noritake, Aichi, Japan
  veneer CZR glass ceramic 9.1 Noritake, Aichi, Japan
ZP core Katana Zirconia ZrO2 94.4%, Y2O3 5.4% 10.5 Noritake, Aichi, Japan
  veneer NobelRondo Press Zirconia glass ceramic for pressing techniqu e 9.3 Nobel Biocare, Kloten, Swiss
Table II.
Firing schedule of Cerabien and CZR ceramic veneers
  Unit Opaque Dentin
Dry-out time min 5 7
Low temperature 600 600
Start vacuum 600 600
Heat rate ℃/min 45 45
Vacuum level KPa 96 96
Release vacuum 960 960
Hold time min 1 1
High temperature 960 960
Cooling time min 4 4
Table III.
Firing schedule of zirconia cores
Temperature Hour
Room temperature → 500℃ 2 hr
500℃→ 1430℃ 1.5 hr
1430℃ 1.5 hr
1430℃→ 500℃ 3 hr
500℃→ 0℃ -
Table IV.
Press program of NobelRondo Press veneer
Ivoclar EP500 100 g Muffle B (° C) T (° C /min) T (° C) H (min) V1 (° C) V2 (° C) Pressure (bar) N (min)
  700 60 1060 10 700 1060 4 0
Table V.
Mean values and SDs of the shear bond strength (MPa)
Group Mean SD
MC 29.14 2.26
ZB 29.48 2.30
ZP 29.51 2.32
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