Journal List > J Korean Acad Prosthodont > v.47(2) > 1034582

Jung, Kim, Lee, Shim, and Moon: Evaluation of changes in adhesive strength and cytotoxicity of a denture adhesive according to time

Abstract

Statements of the problem

Many denture wearers occasionally use denture adhesives to improve denture retention, stability and chewing efficiency. An ideal denture adhesive is nontoxic, non-irritating, and provides comfort to the oral mucosa.

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxicity and adhesive properties of a selected denture adhesive.

Material and methods

To test cytotoxicity of the selected denture adhesive, mouse fibroblast cells were used in MTT testing. Cytotoxicity was examined according to the concentration of the denture adhesive and incubated for 1 to 4 days. To examine adhesive property, a denture base was fabricated on an edentulous dentiform. The adhesive was applied to the denture base, then tensile bond strength was measured, to evaluate the change in retention during 3 days.

Results andConclusion

1. 1% and 2% concentration denture adhesive cream had no cytotoxicity. 2. The tensile bond strength of the group with both denture adhesive and artificial saliva was significantly higher than that of the group with only denture adhesive (P < .05). The tensile bond strength of the group with denture adhesive was significantly higher than that of with only artificial saliva (P < .05). 3. The tensile bond strength had no significant change during 1 hour, and then gradually decreased. After 1 day, it decrease to half. Within the limitation of this study, the tested denture adhesive had no cytotoxicilty and was effective in improving denture retention. The adhesive strength began to continuously decrease after 1 hour and it decreased to half at 1 day after application.

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Fig. 1.
Dentiform and denture base used to test tensile bond strength of denture adhesive.
jkap-47-232f1.tif
Fig. 2.
Position of the test specimen for measurement of tensile bond strength.
jkap-47-232f2.tif
Fig. 3.
Change of optical density at time and concentration.
jkap-47-232f3.tif
Fig. 4.
Tensile bond strength of saliva (S), adhesive (A), adhesive and saliva (A + S).
jkap-47-232f4.tif
Fig. 5.
Tensile bond strength (N) change according to time.
jkap-47-232f5.tif
Table I.
Composition of denture adhesive cream
  Component Content (% w/w)
Vehicle Mineral Oil Light 17.0
Petrolatum Blend 27.9
Flavor Spray Dried Peppermint 0.2
Spray Dried Spearmint 0.2
Color Erythrosine Lake Paste 0.6
Adhesives Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium 24.0
Poly (methylvinylether.maleicacid)Sodium, CalciumMixedPartialSalt 30.0
Preservative Propylparaben NF 0.05
Table II.
Composition of artificial saliva
Component Content
distilled water 2000 ml
gastric mucin 4.4 g
NaCl 0.762 g
CaCl2 2H2O 0.426 g
KH2PO4 1.476 g
KCl 2.228 g
pH 6.8
Table III.
Grades of cytotoxicity corresponding to cell proliferation per centage
Cell proliferation Cytotoxicity grade
60 - 100 Not cytotoxic
30 - 60 Moderate cytotoxic
0 - 30 Severe cytotoxic
Table IV.
MTT cytotoxicity test: the means and standard deviations of optical density
  1 day 2 days 3 days 4 days
control 0.82 (0.10) 1.51 (0.23) 2.03 (0.16) 2.44 (0.20)
1% 0.64 (0.07) 1.25 (0.25) 1.48 (0.22) 1.70 (0.23)
2% 0.70 (0.10) 1.21 (0.19) 1.58 (0.33) 1.71 (0.30)
Table V.
Cell proliferation percentage and cytotoxicity grade
P 1 day 2 days 3 days 4 days Cytotoxicity
Control 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 Not
1% 77.84 82.93 72.82 69.80 Not
2% 85.06 80.33 77.68 70.11 Not
Cytotoxicity   Not Not Not Not
Table VI.
The means and standard deviations of tensile bond strength (N) with statistical comparison using one-way ANOVA and LSD post hoc test
  Mean SD Statistical comparison
Saliva 0.68 0.09 a
Adhesive 41.88 3.29 b
Adhesive + Saliva 45.76 3.04 c

Identical letters denote no significant differences between the groups (P > .05).

Table VII.
The means and standard deviations of tensile bond strength (N) according the time with statistical comparison using one-way ANO-VA and LSD post hoc test
  Mean SD Statistical comparison
0 hr 45.76 3.04 a
1 hr 44.12 3.38 a
3 hrs 40.03 3.74 b
6 hrs 37.97 1.93 b
12 hrs 32.08 3.03 c
1 days 22.04 2.87 d
2 days 18.33 3.84 d
3 days 11.33 1.15 e

Identical letters denote no significant differences between the groups (P > .05).

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