A comparison of the fidelity of various zirconia-based all-ceramic crowns fabricated with CAD/CAM systems

Sung-Jun Kim; Kwang-Hun Jo; Kyu-Bok Lee

doi:10.4047/jkap.2009.47.2.148

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Kim, Jo, and Lee: A comparison of the fidelity of various zirconia-based all-ceramic crowns fabricated with CAD/CAM systems

ORIGINAL ARTICLE

J Korean Acad Prosthodont 2009;47(2):148-155.

Published online: 18 December 2009

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4047/jkap.2009.47.2.148

A comparison of the fidelity of various zirconia-based all-ceramic crowns fabricated with CAD/CAM systems

Sung-Jun Kim, DDS, MSD¹, Kwang-Hun Jo, MSD, DDS, PhD², Kyu-Bok Lee, DDS, MSD, PhD^3,^∗

^¹Graduate student, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University

^²Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University

^³Assistant Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University

Corresponding Author: Kyu-Bok Lee Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, 2 ga 188-1 Samduk-dong, Jung-gu, Daegu, 700-412, Korea +82 53 420 5921: e-mail, kblee@knu.ac.kr

Received 20 August 200823 October 2008 Accepted 26 November 2008

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Statement of problem

The interest in all-ceramic restorations has increased as more techniques have become available. With the introduction of machinable dental ceramics and CAD/CAM systems there is a need to evaluate the quality levels of these new fabrication techniques.

Purpose

This study is to evaluate the crown fidelity (absolute marginal discrepancy and internal gap) of various zirconia-based all-ceramic crowns fabricated with different CAD/CAM (computer-assisted design/computer-assisted manufacturing) systems and conventional cast metal-ceramic crowns.

Material and methods

A resin tooth of lower right second premolar was prepared. After an impression was taken, one metal master die was made. Then 40 impressions of metal master dies were taken for working dies. 10 crowns per each system were fabricated using 40 working dies. Metal-ceramic crowns were cast by using the conventional method, and Procera, Lava, and Cerec inLab crowns were fabricated with their own CAD/CAM manufactruing procedures. The vertical marginal discrepancies and internal gaps of each crown groups were measured on a metal master die without a luting agent. The results were statistically analyzed using the one-way ANOVA and Tukey's HSD test.

Results

1. Vertical marginal discrepancies were 50.6 ± 13.9 ㎛ for metal-ceramic crowns, 62.3 ± 15.7 ㎛ for Procera crowns, 45.3 ± 7.9 ㎛ for Lava crowns, and 71.2 ± 2.0 ㎛ for Cerec inLab crowns. 2. The Internal gaps were 52.6 ± 10.1 ㎛ for metal-ceramic crowns, 161.7 ± 18.5 ㎛ for Procera crowns, 63.0 ± 10.2 ㎛ for Lava crowns, and 73.7 ± 10.7 ㎛ for Cerec inLab crowns.

Conclusion

1. The vertical marginal discrepancies of, 4 crown groups were all within the clinically acceptable range (120 ㎛). 2. The internal gaps of LAVA, Cerec inlab, and metal-ceramic crowns were within clinically acceptable range except Procera crown (140 ㎛).

Keywords: CAD/CAM system, zirconia, internal gap, vertical marginal discrepancy

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Fig. 1.

Duplicated investment working die.

Fig. 2.

Loading devices with torque controller.

Fig. 3.

Measuring microscope (MM-40, Nikon, Japan).

Fig. 4.

Marginal discrepancy evaluation using a measuring microscope. (original magnification×100, white bar represents 100 μ m)

Table I.

Mean and standard deviation (SD) of vertical marginal discrepancies for 4 crown groups (unit: μ m)

	Metal-ceramic	Procera	Lava	Cerec inLab
1	33.8	66.8	56.4	40.7
2	56.3	82.0	39.9	56.3
3	54.9	42.2	40.6	131.0
4	63.9	56.7	48.1	71.0
5	54.4	86.0	41.1	53.4
6	27.4	55.9	43.4	66.9
7	54.2	72.8	57.5	84.0
8	56.5	40.9	37.4	84.4
9	34.8	70.2	53.3	52.4
10	70.2	49.9	35.8	72.3
Mean	50.6	62.3	45.3	71.2
SD	13.9	15.7	7.9	2.0

Table II.

Results of one-way ANOVA for vertical marginal discrepancies

	Sum of squares	DF	Mean square	F	P
Between groups	4068.491	3	1356.164	4.74	.007
Within groups	10300.477	36	286.124
Total	14368.968	39

Table III.

Statistical comparisons between groups in vertical marginal discrepancies

Group	Metal-ceramic	Procera	Lava	Cerec inLab
Metal-ceramic	-
Procera	NS	-
Lava	NS	NS	-
Cerec inLab	∗	NS	∗	-

^∗ denotes pair of groups significantly different at the 0.05 level. NS: not significant

Table V.

Results of one-way ANOVA for internal gaps

	Sum of squares	DF	Mean square	F	P
Between groups	75112.846	3	25037.615	149.981	< .001
Within groups	6009.801	36	166.939
Total	81122.646	39

Table IV.

Mean and standard deviation (SD) of internal gaps for 4 crown groups (unit: μ m)

	Metal-ceramic	Procera	Lava	Cerec inLab
1	35.5	159.4	72.4	56.6
2	69.8	156.7	54	65.8
3	68.5	162	64.5	82.9
4	44.7	194.9	56.6	77.7
5	51.3	144.9	52.6	64.5
6	54	155.4	69.8	85.6
7	54	164.6	55.3	69.8
8	50	127.7	84.3	82.9
9	50	181.8	65.8	64.5
10	48.7	169.9	55.3	86.9
Mean	52.6	161.7	63	73.7
SD	10.1	18.5	10.2	10.7

Table VI.

Statistical comparisons between groups in internal gaps

Group	Metal-ceramic	Procera	Lava	Cerec inLab
Metal-ceramic	-
Procera	∗	-
Lava	NS	∗	-
Cerec inLab	∗	∗	NS	-

^∗ denotes pair of groups significantly different at the 0.05 level.

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