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Lee, Lee, and Shin: Evaluation of shade guide using digital shade analysis system
ORIGINAL ARTICLE

J Korean Acad Prosthodont 2009;47(1):1-11.

Published online: 18 December 2009

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4047/jkap.2009.47.1.1

Evaluation of shade guide using digital shade analysis system

Seung-Taek Lee, DDS1, Jong-Hyuk Lee, DDS, MSD, PhD2, ∗, Sooyeon Shin, MSD, DDS, PhD2

1Graduate Student, Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, Dankook University

2Assistant Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, Dankook University

Corresponding Author: Jong-Hyuk Lee Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, San 7-1, Shinboo-Dong, Cheonan, Choongnam, 330-716, Korea +82 41 550 1971: e-mail, hyuk928@chol.com

Received 5 May 200825 July 2008       Accepted 30 December 2008

Copyright © 2009 The Korean Academy of Prosthodontics

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Statement of problem

There are two methods of color choice for the esthetic restoration. One is visual shade matching which draws a comparison between shade guide and teeth in dentist's own eye and the other is using a digital shade analysis system recently introduced. Although the visual shade matching has a lot of problems, decision of color by this visual shade matching and the ways of expression for the decided color are still applicable to clinical dentistry.

Purpose

This study is designed to investigate shade guides used in the dental clinics and laboratories have the same value using ShadeEye-NCC® dental chroma meter (Shofu Inc., Kyoto, Japan) using shade guide are evaluated.

Material and methods

At the first experiment, eight Vita Lumin Vacuum shade guides (Vident Inc., California, USA) were collected from the dental clinics. A1 and B1 shade tabs are chosen and the colors are analyzed five times each in both tooth and porcelain modes by digital shade analysis system, ShadeEye-NCC®. In the second experiment, twelve Vita shade guides using practically in the dental clinics and laboratories were collected and also A1 and B1 shade tabs are chosen and the colors of A1 and B1 are analyzed one time each in both tooth and porcelain modes by ShadeEye-NCC®.

Results and conclusion

There were significant differences among eight shade guides in terms of shade (chroma), value and hue in both of A1 and B1 (P < .05). Shade guides using in present both dental clinics and laboratories did not show significant differences, except A1 in the porcelain mode, it showed significant differences (P < .05) in the shade even though the shade tab has the same name. (J Korean Acad Prosthodont 2009;47:1-11)

Keywords: ShadeEye-NCC®, Shade guide, Shade, Value, Hue

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Fig. 1.
A1 and B1 shade tabs of Vita Lumin vacuum shade guide (Vident Inc., California, USA).
jkap-47-1f1.tif
Fig. 2.
ShadeEye-NCC® dental chroma meter (Shofu Inc., Koyto, Japan).
jkap-47-1f2.tif
Fig. 3.
Plastic cap and shade tab.
jkap-47-1f3.tif
Fig. 4.
Measuring process.
jkap-47-1f4.tif
Table I.
Results of shade analysis on Experiment 1
vita shade mode source time
1 2 3 4 5
S V H S V H S V H S V H S V H
A1 tooth 1 1.5 ± 0 R2 1.5 ± 0 R2 1.5 ± 0 R2 1.5 ± ± 0 R2 1.5 ± ± 0 R2
2 1.5 ± 0 R2 1.5 ± 0 R2 1.5 ± 0 R2 1.5 ± ± 0 R2 1.5 ± ± 0 R2
3 1.5 1 R2 1.5 1 R2 1.5 1 R2 1.5 1 R2 1.5 1 R2
4 2 ± 0 R2 2 ± 0 R2 2 ± 0 R2 2 ± ± 0 R2 2 ± ± 0 R2
5 1.5 1 R1 1.5 1 R1 1.5 1 R1 1.5 1 R1 1.5 1 R1
6 1.5 ± 0 R1 1.5 1 R2 2 ± 0 STD 2 -1 R1 1.5 ± ± 0 R1
7 1.5 1 R1 1 ± 0 R1 1.5 1 R1 1.5 ± ± 0 R1 1.5 ± ± 0 R1
8 2 -1 R2 2 -1 R3 2 -1 R3 2 -1 R3 2 -1 R3
porcelain 1 1.5 -1 R2 1.5 -1 R2 1.5 -1 R2 1.5 -1 R2 1.5 -1 R2
2 1.5 -1 R2 1.5 -1 R2 1.5 -1 R2 1.5 -1 R2 1.5 -1 R2
3 1.5 -2 R1 1.5 -2 R1 1.5 -2 R1 1.5 -2 R1 1.5 -2 R1
4 1.5 -1 R1 1.5 -1 R1 1.5 -1 R1 1.5 -1 R1 1.5 -1 R1
5 1 -1 Y1 1.5 -1 Y1 1.5 -1 Y1 1 -1 Y1 1 -1 Y1
6 1.5 -1 STD 1.5 -1 Y1 1.5 -1 Y1 1.5 -1 Y1 1.5 -1 Y1
7 1 -1 STD 1 -1 STD 1 -1 STD 1 -1 STD 1 -1 STD
8 1.5 -2 R2 1.5 -2 R3 1.5 -2 R3 1.5 -2 R3 1.5 -2 R3
B1 tooth 1 1.5 ± 0 R2 1.5 ±0 R2 1.5 ± 0 R2 1.5 ± ± 0 R2 1.5 ± ± 0 R2
2 1.5 ± 0 R2 1.5 ± 0 R2 1.5 ± 0 R2 1.5 ± ± 0 R2 1.5 ± ± 0 R2
3 1.5 1 R2 1.5 1 R2 1.5 1 R2 1.5 1 R2 1.5 1 R2
4 2 ± 0 R2 2 ± 0 R2 2 ± 0 R2 2 ± ± 0 R2 2 ± ± 0 R3
5 1.5 1 R1 1.5 1 R1 1.5 1 R1 1.5 1 R1 1.5 1 R1
6 1.5 ± 0 R1 1.5 1 R2 2 ± 0 STD 2 -1 R1 1.5 ± ± 0 R1
7 1.5 1 R1 1 ± 0 R1 1.5 1 R1 1.5 ± ± 0 R1 1.5 ± ± 0 R1
8 2 -1 R2 2 -1 R3 2 -1 R3 2 -1 R3 2 -1 R3
porcelain 1 1.5 -1 R2 1.5 -1 R2 1.5 -1 R2 1.5 -1 R2 1.5 -1 R2
2 1.5 -1 R2 1.5 -1 R2 1.5 -1 R2 1.5 -1 R2 1.5 -1 R2
3 1.5 -2 R1 1.5 -2 R1 1.5 -2 R1 1.5 -2 R1 1.5 -2 R1
4 1.5 -1 R1 1.5 -1 R1 1.5 -1 R1 1.5 -1 R1 1.5 -1 R1
5 1 -1 Y1 1.5 -1 Y1 1.5 -1 Y1 1 -1 Y1 1 -1 Y1
6 1.5 -1 STD 1.5 -2 Y1 1.5 -2 Y1 1.5 -2 Y1 1.5 -2 Y1
7 1 -1 STD 1 -1 STD 1 -1 STD 1 -1 STD 1 -1 STD
8 1.5 -2 R2 1.5 -2 R3 1.5 -2 R3 1.5 -2 R3 1.5 -2 R3

S = shade, V = value, H = hue

Table II.
Results of shade analysis on Experiment 2
A1 source tooth mode porcelain mode B1 source tooth mode porcelain mode
S V H S V H S V H S V H
1 1.5 ± 0 R2 1 -2 R1 1 1.5 -1 R2 1 -2 R2
2 1.5 ± 0 R2 1.5 -2 R1 2 1.5 ± 0 R1 1 -2 STD
3 1 ± 0 R1 1 -1 STD 3 1.5 -1 R2 1.5 -2 R2
4 1.5 ± 0 R2 1 -1 R1 4 1.5 ± 0 R2 1 -2 R1
5 1.5 ± 0 R1 1 -1 R1 5 1.5 -1 R2 1 -2 R1
6 1.5 ± 0 R2 1 -1 R1 6 1.5 -1 R3 1.5 -2 R2
7 1.5 ± 0 R2 1 -2 R1 7 1.5 -1 R2 1 -2 R2
8 1.5 ± 0 R1 1 -2 STD 8 1.5 -2 R2 1 -3 R2
9 2 -1 R2 1.5 -2 R2 9 1.5 -2 R2 1.5 -3 R2
10 1.5 1 R1 1 -1 Y1 10 1.5 -1 R3 1 -2 R2
11 2 -1 R2 1.5 -2 R2 11 2 -2 R2 1.5 -2 R2
12 1.5 2 R2 1 -1 R2 12 1.5 -2 R2 1 -2 R2
13 1.5 1 R2 1 -2 STD 13 1.5 -1 R2 1 -2 R3
14 1.5 -1 R1 1.5 -2 STD 14 1.5 -1 R1 1 -2 R1
15 1.5 ± 0 R2 1.5 -1 R2 15 1.5 -1 R2 1.5 -2 R2
16 1.5 ± 0 R2 1 -1 R1 16 1.5 -1 R3 1 -2 R2
17 1.5 ± 0 R2 1.5 -2 STD 17 1.5 -1 R2 1 -2 R1
18 2 ± 0 R2 1.5 -2 R1 18 2 -1 R2 1.5 -2 R1
19 2 -1 R2 1.5 -2 R1 19 1.5 -1 R2 1.5 -2 R2
20 2 ± 0 R2 1.5 -2 R2 20 2 -1 R3 1.5 -2 R2
21 1.5 ± 0 R1 1.5 -1 Y1 21 1.5 -1 R2 1 -2 R2
22 1.5 -1 R1 1.5 -2 R1 22 1.5 -1 R2 1 -2 R1
23 2 -1 R2 1.5 -2 R2 23 1.5 -1 R2 1 -2 R1
24 1 ± 0 R1 1 -1 STD 24 1.5 ± 0 R1 1 -2 STD

S = shade, V = value, H = hue source 1 - 12 = dental clinic, 13 - 24= dental lab.

Table III.
Results of Chi-Square Tests for shade
Shade guide number Mode Value df Asymp.Sig.(2-sided)
A1 Tooth mode Pearson Chi-Square 66.94 21 .00
Likelihood Ratio 64.95 21 .00
Linear-by-Linear .77 1 .38
Association N of Valid Cases 40
Porcelain mode Pearson Chi-Square 140.20 28 .00
Likelihood Ratio 114.16 28 .00
Linear-by-Linear 2.36 1 .12
Association N of Valid Cases 40
B1 Tooth mode Pearson Chi-Square 57.46 14 .00
Likelihood Ratio 62.59 14 .00
Linear-by-Linear 1.02 1 .31
Association N of Valid Cases 40
Porcelain mode Pearson Chi-Square 103.67 21 .00
Likelihood Ratio 93.83 21 .00
Linear-by-Linear 2.15 1 .14
Association N of Valid Cases 40
Table IV.
Results of Chi-Square Tests for value
Shade guide number Mode   Value df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided)
A1 Tooth mode Pearson Chi-Square 63.94 14 .00
Likelihood Ratio 62.82 14 .00
Linear-by-Linear 3.20 1 .07
Association N of Valid Cases 40    
Pearson Chi-Square 36.48 7 .00
Porcelain mode Likelihood Ratio 46.79 7 .00
Linear-by-Linear 5.22 1 .02
Association N of Valid Cases 40    
B1 Tooth mode Pearson Chi-Square 80 14 .00
Likelihood Ratio 77.95 14 .00
Linear-by-Linear .27 1 .61
Association N of Valid Cases 40    
Pearson Chi-Square 18.06 14 .01
Porcelain mode Likelihood Ratio 16.68 14 .02
Linear-by-Linear 1.79 1 .18
Association N of Valid Cases 40    
Table V.
Results of Chi-Square Tests for hue
Shade guide number Mode   Value df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided)
A1 Tooth mode Pearson Chi-Square 41.04 14 .00
Likelihood Ratio 45.76 14 .00
Linear-by-Linear 4.47 1 .03
Association N of Valid Cases 40    
Pearson Chi-Square 32.50 7 .00
Porcelain mode Likelihood Ratio 33.30 7 .00
Linear-by-Linear 5.69 1 .02
Association N of Valid Cases 40    
B1 Tooth mode Pearson Chi-Square 66.07 14 .00
Likelihood Ratio 56.49 14 .00
Linear-by-Linear 1.35 1 .25
Association N of Valid Cases 40    
Pearson Chi-Square 40.00 14 .00
Porcelain mode Likelihood Ratio 52.93 14 .00
Linear-by-Linear 3.10 1 .08
Association N of Valid Cases 40    
Table VI.
Results of Mann-Whitney U test
Shade guide number Mode   Shade Value Hue
A1 Tooth mode Mann-Whitney U 61.00 56.50 72.00
Wilcoxon W 139.00 134.50 150.00
Z -.77 -1.04 .00
Asymp.Sig. (2-tailed) .44 .30 1.00
Exact Sig. [2∗(1-tailed Sig.)] .55 .38 1.00
Porcelain mode Mann-Whitney U 36.00 60.00 59.50
Wilcoxon W 114.00 138.00 137.50
Z -2.40 -.81 -.77
Asymp.Sig. (2-tailed) .016 .42 .44
Exact Sig. .04 .51 .48
[2∗(1-tailed Sig.)]      
B1 Tooth mode Mann-Whitney U 66.00 56.00 67.00
Wilcoxon W 144.00 134.00 145.00
Z -.60 -1.16 -.36
Asymp.Sig. (2-tailed) .55 .25 .72
Exact Sig. [2∗(1-tailed Sig.)] .76 .38 .80
Porcelain mode Mann-Whitney U 72.00 60.00 60.00
Wilcoxon W 150.00 138.00 138.00
Z .00 -1.15 -.79
Asymp.Sig. (2-tailed) 1.00 .15 .43
Exact Sig. 1.00 .51 .51
[2∗(1-tailed Sig.)]      
Table VII.
Results of Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test for two mode
  shade value hue
Z -5.92 -6.20 -4.90
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) .00 .00 .00
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