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Jee, Cha, and Kim: Reduction of Apnea Test Time in an Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation-Dependent Potential Donor
Case Report

J Korean Soc Transplant 2017;31(1):49-51.

Published online: 19 January 2017

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4285/jkstn.2017.31.1.49

Reduction of Apnea Test Time in an Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation-Dependent Potential Donor

Hyeon Sook Jee, M.D.1, Sora Cha, R.N.2, Gaab Soo Kim, M.D.1,

1Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea

2Organ Transplantation Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea

Corresponding author: Gaab Soo Kim Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06351, Korea Tel: 82-2-3410-0360, Fax: 82-2-3410-0361 E-mail: gaabsoo.kim@samsung.com

Received 29 December 2016       Revised 12 February 2017       Accepted 13 February 2017

Copyright © the Korean Society for Transplantation, 2017

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

The diagnosis of brain death is essential for deceased donor organ transplantation. Currently, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is used to increase the chance of survival of patients with severe cardiac and respiratory failure. Therefore, cases of ECMO-dependent potential donors are increasing. The apnea test (AT) is a mandatory component in the clinical determination of brain death. However, conventional AT is not easily applicable to ECMO-dependent potential donors because both the ventilator and ECMO play an important role in carbon dioxide elimination. Accordingly, different methods of AT from those used in routine procedures must be considered. We report here a case of conventional AT with time delay and two cases of AT within 3 minutes by adjusting sweep gas flow rate of ECMO in ECMO-dependent potential donors.

Keywords: Apnea test, Brain death, Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation

REFERENCES

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Table 1.
Vital sign and PaO2 during apnea test
Variable Case 1 Case 2 Case 3
Mean blood pressure (mmHg)
  Primary apnea test 78→60 80→77 94→87
  Secondary apnea test 96→101 77→64 86→96
Heart rate (beat/min)
  Primary apnea test 101→101 115→115 99→97
  Secondary apnea test 101→101 101→104 97→96
PaO2 (mmHg)
  Primary apnea test 213.0→137.5 134.2→87.5 491.0→344.5
  Secondary apnea test 383.7→629.0 232.9→285.3 256.6→380.9

Abbreviation: PaO2, partial pressure of arterial oxygen.

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