Serological Survey for Canine Parvovirus Type 2a (CPV-2a) in the Stray Dogs in South Korea

Dong-Kun Yang; Soon-Seek Yoon; Jae-Won Byun; Kyung-Woo Lee; Yoon-I Oh; Jae-Young Song

doi:10.4167/jbv.2010.40.2.77

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Yang, Yoon, Byun, Lee, Oh, and Song: Serological Survey for Canine Parvovirus Type 2a (CPV-2a) in the Stray Dogs in South Korea

Original Article

J Bacteriol Virol 2010;40(2):77-81.

Published online: 18 January 2010

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4167/jbv.2010.40.2.77

Serological Survey for Canine Parvovirus Type 2a (CPV-2a) in the Stray Dogs in South Korea

Dong-Kun Yang^∗, Soon-Seek Yoon, Jae-Won Byun, Kyung-Woo Lee, Yoon-I Oh, Jae-Young Song

National Veterinary Research and Quarantine Service, MIFAFF, Anyang, Korea

^∗Corresponding author: Dong-Kun Yang. National Veterinary Research and Quarantine Service, 175 Jungang-ro, Anyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 430-757, Korea. Phone: +82-31-467-1783, Fax: +82-31-467-1797 e-mail: yangdk@nvrqs.go.kr

^∗∗ This work was supported financially by a grant from the National Veterinary Research and Quarantine Service, Ministry for Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Korea.

Revised 8 February 201016 March 2010 Accepted 18 March 2010

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Canine parvovirus type-2 (CPV-2) is one of the major diarrhea-causing agents, inducing acute hemorrhagic gastroenteritis in puppies. In this study, we conducted a seroepidemiological survey of CPV-2a in stray dogs in South Korea. In total, 405 canine sera, collected between 2006 and 2007, were screened for the presence of antibodies against CPV-2a using a hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay. The positive rate in stray dogs tested for CPV-2a was 93.8%. The regional CPV-2a prevalence was 100% (8/8) in Jeju, 95.1% (232/244) in Gyeonggi, 94.7% (36/38) in Jeonra, 92.9% (13/14) in Gangwon, 92.7% (38/41) in Chungcheong, and 88.3% (53/60) in Gyeungsang province. No significant difference in the seropositive rate was found between male (93.6%) and female (94.0%) dogs. Analysis of the distribution of HI titer against CPV-2a according to the age of the stray dogs showed a linear increase in seroprevalence with age, although the association with age was not statistically significant. The incidence of stray dogs showing an HI antibody titer above 1:5120 was estimated to be 26.2%. Thus, the presence of high HI antibody against CPV-2a may indicate circulation of CPV-2a in stray dogs.

Keywords: Canine parvovirus type-2, Seroepidemiological survey, Stray dog, HI assay

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Figure 1.

Frequency of distribution of HI titer against canine parvovirus type 2a in 405 Korean stray dogs tested. Titers less than 1:10 were considered negative.

Table 1.

Regional distribution of CPV-2a antibodies from the Korean stray dogs

Designation	Province^a						Total
Designation	GG	GW	CC	JR	GS	JJ	Total
No. rescue center	4	1	3	3	5	2	18
No. stray dogs sampled	244	14	41	38	60	8	405
No. positive	232	13	38	36	53	8	380
Sero-positive rate^b (%)	95.1	92.9	92.7	94.7	88.3	100	93.8

^a GG; Gyeonggi, GW; Gangwon, CC; Chungcheong, JR; Jeonra, GS; Gyeungsang, JJ; Jeju.

^b χ² = 4.49, p = 0.482.

Table 2.

Distribution of HI antibody titer against CPV-2a according to the age and gender of the Korean stray dogs

Designation	Age				Gender		Total
Designation	< 0.6 m^a	0.7~2.0	2.1~5.0	> 5.1	Male	Female	Total
No. stray dog	56	174	108	42	176	204	380
No. positive	62	187	113	43	188	217	405
Sero-positive rate^b (%)	90.3	93.0	95.6	97.7	93.6	94.0	93.8

^a m: month.

^b χ² = 3.21, p = 0.361 for age; χ² = 0.02, p > 0.500 for gender.

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