Increased Nasal Interleukin-33 in the Infants with Acute Respiratory Syncytial Virus Bronchiolitis

Seung Ho Yang; Mi Ae Chu; Hye Jin Park; Kye Hyang Lee; Woo Taek Kim; Hai Lee Chung

doi:10.7581/pard.2012.22.4.383

Journal List > Pediatr Allergy Respir Dis > v.22(4) > 1033198

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Yang, Chu, Park, Lee, Kim, and Chung: Increased Nasal Interleukin-33 in the Infants with Acute Respiratory Syncytial Virus Bronchiolitis

Original Article

Pediatric Allergy and Respiratory Disease

Pediatric Allergy and Respiratory Disease 2012; 22(4): 383-389.

Published online: 31 December 2012

DOI: https://doi.org/10.7581/pard.2012.22.4.383

Increased Nasal Interleukin-33 in the Infants with Acute Respiratory Syncytial Virus Bronchiolitis

Seung Ho Yang, MD, Mi Ae Chu, MD, Hye Jin Park, MD, Kye Hyang Lee, MD, Woo Taek Kim, MD, Hai Lee Chung, MD

Department of Pediatrics, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.

Corresponding author (hlchung@cu.ac.kr)

Received 24 May 2012 Revised 15 August 2012 Accepted 21 September 2012

Abstract

Purpose

Interleukin (IL)-33, a member of the IL-1 cytokine family, is considered to be important for innate-type mucosal immunity of the lung and also has been suggested to induce Th2-type immune responses. We aimed to investigate if IL-33 is involved in airway inflammation due to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in young children.

Methods

Thirty-eight infants (≤24 months of age) admitted with their first episode of RSV bronchiolitis were enrolled in the study. Atopy was defined by having at least 1 allergen-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE), positive result to skin prick test, or high serum IgE levels. The patients were assessed to have severe symptoms when they had ≥2 of the following clinical findings: hypoxemia (<92% oxygen saturation), rapid breathing (and/or lower chest wall indrawing), and >7 days of hospital stay. The levels of IL-33 and the IL-33 receptor (sST2) were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in nasal secretion samples collected from the patients on admission and compared with 20 age-matched controls. We also investigated the levels of IL-33 and sST2 in relation to the atopic status and symptom severity of the patients.

Results

Nasal IL-33 levels in the patients with acute RSV bronchiolitis were significantly increased (P<0.05), but sST2 showed no difference compared to the controls. Neither IL-33 nor sST2 showed significant difference in relation to the atopic status or severity of symptoms.

Conclusion

Our study showed significantly increased IL-33 in the nasal secretions of the young infants admitted with acute RSV bronchiolitis and suggests that IL-33 is involved in the pathogenesis of RSV-induced airway inflammation.

Keywords: Interleukin-33, Iinterleukin-33 receptor, Respiratory syncytial virus, Bronchiolitis, Infant

Figures and Tables

Fig. 1

Interleukin (IL)-33 levels in nasal secretion of the patients with respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis were significantly increased compared to the control levels.

Fig. 2

Interleukin (IL)-33 receptor (sST2) levels showed no significant difference between the patients with respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis and controls.

Table 1

Clinical Characteristics of the Patients and Controls

Values are presented as mean±standard deviation.

IgE, immunoglobulin E.

Table 2

Characteristics of Atopic Patients

IgE, immunoglobulin E; ND, not done; D.p, Dermatophagoides ptronyssinus; D.f, Dermatophagoides farina.

Table 3

Characteristics of Severe vs. Nonsevere Group

Values are presented as mean±SD or median (range).

NS, nonspecific; IL, interleukin; sST2, IL-33 receptor.

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