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Abstract
Purpose
This study was performed to investigate the indications, bronchoscopic findings, results of bronchoalveolar lavage, and complications and to report the clinical features of using flexible bronchoscopy for respiratory diseases in children.
Methods
We studied 105 patients who underwent flexible bronchoscopy at the Department of Pediatrics, Dong-A University Medical Center from June 2001 to June 2008. A bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed if need, and the BAL fluid was cultured for bacteria and fungi. We performed an acid-fast bacilli (AFB) smear and culture.
Result
The most common indication for flexible bronchoscopy was suspected pulmonary tuberculosis (37 cases, 35.2%). The most common abnormal finding was excessive secretion, which was found in 53 cases (50.4%). BAL bacterial cultures were performed in 10 of 38 cases, and Hemophilus influenza was the most common organism and was found in three cases (7.8%). There were 17 AFB culture-positive cases (49.3%) among the 37 suspected pulmonary tuberculosis cases. Among these 17, the Tb-polymerase chain reaction (Tb-PCR) was conducted for four cases (23.5 %) but only two cases (50%) were positive. TB-specific antigen-induced interferon-gamma was performed in four cases (23.5%), and all four cases (100%) were positive.
References
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Table 1.
Age Distribution of 105 Patients
Table 2.
Indications for Pediatric Bronchoscopy
Table 3.
Bronchoscopic Findings of 105 Patients
Table 4.
Bronchoscopic Findings of Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculous Suspected
| Findings | No. of Patients |
|---|---|
| Secretion/Mucus plug | 17 |
| Mucosal erythema | 15 |
| Normal | 11 |
| Tracheomalacia | 6 |
| Bronchomalacia | 5 |
| Bleeding tendency | 5 |
| Granulation tissue | 1 |
| Laryngomalacia | 1 |
Table 5.
Bronchoscopic Findings of Patients with Chronic/Recurrent Infiltration
| Findings | No. of Patients |
|---|---|
| Secretion/mucus plug | 12 |
| Mucosal erythema/whitish patch | 6 |
| Narrowing | 2 |
| Normal | 2 |
| Bronchomalacia | 1 |
| Abnormal movement of vocal cord | 1 |
Table 6.
Cultured Pathogens of Bronchoalveolar Lavage
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