Comparison of Exhaled Nitric Oxide Analyzers in Childhood Asthma

Ji Hyun Lee; Bong Seok Choi; Ji Young Baek; Yong Ju Lee; Kyung Won Kim; Myung Hyun Sohn Ph.D.; Kyu-Earn Kim

doi:10.7581/pard.2011.21.1.17

Journal List > Pediatr Allergy Respir Dis > v.21(1) > 1033124

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Lee, Choi, Baek, Lee, Kim, Ph.D., and Kim: Comparison of Exhaled Nitric Oxide Analyzers in Childhood Asthma

Abstract

Pediatr Allergy Respir Dis 2011;21(1):17-23.

Published online: 20 January 2011

DOI: https://doi.org/10.7581/pard.2011.21.1.17

Comparison of Exhaled Nitric Oxide Analyzers in Childhood Asthma

Ji Hyun Lee, M.D., Bong Seok Choi, M.D., Ji Young Baek, M.D., Yong Ju Lee, M.D., Kyung Won Kim, M.D., Ph.D., Myung Hyun Sohn Ph.D., Kyu-Earn Kim, M.D., Ph.D.

Department of Pediatrics and Institute of Allergy, Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Sciences, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea

책임저자: 이용주, 서울시 서대문구 성산로 250 연세대학교 의과대학 소아과학교실 Tel: 02)2228-2066 Fax: 02)393-9118 E-mail: hunsking@hanmail.net

Received 25 October 2010 Accepted 26 January 2011

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Purpose

The measurement of exhaled nitric oxide (eNO) is a noticeable tool that reflects asthmatic airway inflammation. However, the eNO values might be variable according to the patient's condition and the method of measurement. The aim of this study was to compare the values of eNO measured by two different eNO analyzers in asthmatic children (Niox mino^® [Aerocrine; Solna, Sweden] and CLD88^® [Eco Medics; Durten, Switzerland].

Methods

One hundred four asthmatic children and 59 healthy controls were enrolled. The study participants underwent pulmonary function testing before and after inhaled bronchodilator treatment, a methacholine provocation test, and sputum induction; the eNO concentration was then measured.

Results

The value of eNO measured by Niox mino^® was significantly lower than the value of eNO measured by CLD88^® (30.7±25.0 vs. 38.6±29.2 ppb, P<0.001). The intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.786 (P<0.001). The eNO concentration was significantly increased in asthmatic children than controls (38.4±27.9 vs. 17.2±9.0 ppb, P<0.001 by Niox mino^®; 47.8±31.8 vs. 22.2± 12.7 ppb, P<0.001 by CLD88^®). The eNO concentration was significantly correlated with the FEV₁/ FVC (r=-0.382, P<0.001 [Niox mino^®]; r=-0.273, P=0.001 [CLD88^®], percent sputum eosinophils (r=0.257, P=0.032 [Niox mino^®]; r=0.297, P=0.017 [CLD88^®]), and PC₂₀ (r=-0.333, P <0.001 [by Niox mino^®] r=-0.240, P=0.003 [CLD88^®]).

Conclusion

The measurement of eNO might be a supportive tool for the diagnosis of asthma in children; however, the eNO values differ according to analyzers.

Keywords: Asthma, Bronchodilator response, Atopy, Non-atopy, Child

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Fig. 1.

Comparison of exhaled Nitric Oxide level. A. Comparison of exhaled Nitric Oxide (eNO) values between Asthma and Control group. Asthma group had higher eNO values, which were measured by CLD88^® (P <0.001) and Niox mino^® (P <0.001), than control. The horizontal lines show mean and standard deviation. B. Comparison of eNO values between by CLD88^® and Niox mino^®. Exhaled NO levels by CLD88^® (P <0.001) were higher than those by Niox mino^® (P <0.001) in both groups.

Fig. 2.

Correlation between eNO and Sputum Eosinophils (%) A. by CLD88^®, B. by Niox mino^®. Exhaled NO values were correlated with sputum eosinophils (%) (r =0.257, P =0.032, by CLD88^®; r = 0.297, P=0.017, by Niox mino^®)

Table 1

Demographics and Pulmonary Functions of Subjects

	Asthma	Control
No. of Subjects	104	59
Sex, M/F	71/33	36/23
Age, yr	10.2±2.8	11.0±2.8
Height, cm	139.9±15.5	144.6±14.3
Weight, kg	38.4±13.9	41.9±13.0
BMI	19.0±3.2	19.6±3.2
FEV₁, %pred	94.6±17.5^∗	102.5±14.8
PC₂₀, mg/mL	2.11±1.50^†	4.59±0.09

Results are indicated as means±SD

Abbreviations:BMI, body mass index; FEV₁, forced expiratory volume in 1 second; PC₂₀, provocative concentration causing a 20% fall in FEV₁

^∗ P=0.004,

^† P<0.001 vs. Control

Table 2

Correlation between exhaled Nitric oxide Concentration and Pulmonary Function Parameters

	CLD88	Niox Mino
FEV₁ (%pred)	–0.106	–0.086
	(0.178)	(0.298)
FEV₁/FVC (%)	–0.273	–0.382
	(0.001)	(<0.001)
FEF_25–75 (%pred)	–0.165	–0.137
	(0.036)	(0.097)

Adjusted by age, Results are indicated as correlation coefficient (P value)

Abbreviations:FEV₁, forced expiratory volume in 1 second; FVC, forced vital capacity; FEF_25–75, forced expiratory flow between 25% and 75%

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