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Abstract
Purpose
The conventional primary therapy for chronic bacterial prostatitis (CBP) is the use of antibiotics. However, the therapy has a low cure rate and longterm use of antibiotics can lead to adverse effects including bacterial resistance. For these reasons, a new therapy for CBP is strongly needed.
Conclusions
These results suggest that spring water may be an effective material in the treatment of CBP. Notably, the combination treatment of selenium-rich hot spring water and ciprofloxacin has synergistic effects. Therefore, we can suggest that the combination of selenium-rich hot spring water and ciprofloxacin may be effective in the treatment of CBP, and with a higher success rate than ciprofloxacin alone.
Materials and Methods
To evaluate the anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effects of selenium-rich hot spring water on CBP, rats were divided into four groups and treatment was administered for four weeks as follows: (1) control (n=8), (2) ciprofloxacin (n=8), (3) selenium-rich hot spring water (n=8), and (4) selenium-rich hot spring water with ciprofloxacin (n=8). Drip infusion of bacterial suspension (E. coli Z17 O2:K1;H−) into Spargue-Dowley rats was then conducted to induce CBP. Four weeks later, the results of prostate tissue and urine culture and histological analysis on the prostate were analyzed in each group.
Results
The use of ciprofloxacin, and selenium-rich hot spring water with ciprofloxacin showed statistically significant decreases in bacterial growth and improvements in prostatic inflammation compared with the control group (p＜0.05). The selenium-rich hot spring water with ciprofloxacin group showed a statistically significantly lower rate of bacterial growth and and greater improvements in prostatic inflammation than the ciprofloxacin group (p＜0.05).
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Fig. 1.
Severity scores of chronic inflammatory cell infiltrations, acinar changes and interstitial fibrosis in each group. The values, expressed as means±SD, are compared with that of the control group. ∗p＜0.05, compared with the control group, †p＜0.05, compared with the ciprofloxacin group, SD: standard deviation.
Fig. 2.
Prostate section of a chronic bacterial prostatitis rat, obtained 2 weeks after each treatment (H&E, Bar=100μm). (A) The acinar structures are severely atrophied and obliterated. Marked chronic inflammatory cell infiltration and interstitial fibrosis are seen (Control group). (B) The acinar structures are mildly shrunken, with mild lymphocytic infiltration and fibrosis in the interstitial space (Ciprofloxacin group). (C) The acinar structures are moderately atrophied and obliterated. Moderate chronic inflammatory cell infiltration and interstitial fibrosis are seen (Se-rich hot spring water group). (D) The acinar structures have a nearly normal appearance, with mild lymphocytic infiltration and focal fibrosis in the interstitial space (Se-rich hot spring water/Ciprofloxacin group).
Table 1.
Mineral components of hot-spring water
Table 2.
Microbiological data of prostate tissue and urine culture in rats
| Group (no. of rats) | Mean (±SD) log10 | Mean (±SD) log10 |
|---|---|---|
| CFU/g of prostate tissue | CFU/g of urine | |
| Control | 6.228±0.366 | 3.394±0.283 |
| Ciprofloxacin | 3.391±0.275∗ | 1.700±0.269∗ |
| Se-rich hot spring water | 5.047±0.518 | 2.719±0.235 |
| Se-rich hot spring water ＋ ciprofloxacin | 1.962±0.344† | 1.069±0.262† |
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