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Hong, Lee, Yoo, Kim, Kim, Emmanuel, Niewiadomski, Wolf, and Gittes: Gonadal Tumors Developed from Consecutively Transplanted Spleens Bearing Gonad Implants
Original Article
Yonsei Medical Journal

Yonsei Medical Journal 2004; 45(6): 1136-1142.

Published online: 18 February 2009

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3349/ymj.2004.45.6.1136

Gonadal Tumors Developed from Consecutively Transplanted Spleens Bearing Gonad Implants

In Chul Hong1, 5, Sun Lee1, Chang Hyun Yoo1, Kenny K. Kim1, Jason Kim1, Gregory Emmanuel1, Slawomir Niewiadomski2, Paul Wolf3, Ruben F. Gittes4

1San Diego Microsurgical Institute, San Diego, CA, USA.

2Department of Pathology, Scripps Mercy Hospital, San Diego, CA, USA.

3Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.

4Department of Surgery, Scripps Hospital, La Jolla, CA, USA.

5Fujisawa Research Institute of America, Evanston, IL, USA.

Reprint address: requests to Dr. In Chul Hong, Fujisawa Research Institute of America, 1801 Maple Ave, Evanston, IL 60201, USA. Tel: 847-467-4477, Fax: 847-467-4471, in_chul_hong@fujisawa.com

Received 6 September 2004

Copyright © 2004 The Yonsei University College of Medicine

Abstract

This study was conducted by consecutively transplanting spleens, which had gonads implanted previously. A total of 84 cases for infantile testicles and 106 cases for ovarian follicles were performed. In the case of ovarian implants, the results were determined by the total number of follicle implants. A modified spleen transplantation technique called double implantation of ovarian follicles was applied to increase the amount of the implants. In this technique, an extra spleen is implanted into the potential donor so that the ovarian follicles can be implanted to two different spleens, doubling the amount of implants.
Through consecutive spleen transplantation, we observed the results beyond a typical rat's life span. In many of these cases, we found more aggressive forms of malignant tumor, seminoma and dysgerminoma. We present the results and discuss possible pathogenic mechanisms of tumor formation.

Keywords: Consecutive spleen transplantation, testicle and ovary implant, seminoma, dysgerminoma

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