Primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus is exceedingly rare. The existence of primary malignant melanoma in the esophagus had been in doubt until the presence of benign melanocytes was demonstrated within the esophagus. Hematogenous and lymphatic metastases are common. The prognosis is poor even after a radical procedure due to early metastasis. We report here two cases of primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus. One is a melanotic melanoma and the other is an amelanotic melanoma.