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Abstract
It is well-known that electrical field stimulation (EFS)-induced contraction is mediated by a cholinergic mechanism and other neurotransmitters. NO, ATP, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), and substance P are released by EFS. To investigate the purinergic mechanism involved in the EFS-induced contraction, purinegic receptors antagonists were used Suramine, a non-selective P2 receptor antagonist, reduced the contraction induced by EFS. NF023 (10–7∼10-4 M), a selective P2X antagonist, inhibited the contraction evoked by EFS. Reactive blue (10–6∼10–4 M), selective P2Y antagonist, also blocked the contraction in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, P2X agonist α,β-methylene 5′-adenosine triphosphate (αβMeATP, 10–7∼10–5 M) potentiated EFS-induced contraction in a dose-dependent manner. P2Y agonist adenosine 5′-[β-thio]diphosphate trilithium salt (ADPβS, 10–7∼ 10-5 M) also potentiated EFS-induced contractions in a dose-dependent manner. Ecto-ATPase activator apyrase (5 and 10 U/ml) reduced EFS-induced contractions. Inversely, 6-N,N-diethyl-D-β,γ- dibromomethylene 5′-triphosphate triammonium (ARL 67156, 10-4 M) increased EFS-induced contraction. These data suggest that endogenous ATP plays a role in EFS-induced contractions which are mediated through both P2X-receptors and P2Y-receptors stimulation in cat esophageal smooth muscle.
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Fig. 1.
Effect of the P2 receptor antagonist on the response of EFS-induced contraction. Suramine (a P2 receptor antagonist) inhibited EFS-induced contraction in a concentration-dependent manner, suggesting that P2 receptors participate in muscle contraction in response to EFS. Values are expressed as means± S.E.M. ∗p<0.05, ∗∗p<0.01 versus the control.
Fig. 2.
Effect of the P2X receptor antagonist on the response of EFS-induced contraction. NF023 (a P2X receptor antagonist) inhibited EFS-induced contraction in a concentration-dependent manner, suggesting that P2X receptors participate in muscle contraction in response to EFS. Values are expressed as means± S.E.M. ∗∗p<0.01 versus the control.
Fig. 3.
Effect of the P2X receptor agonist on the response of EFS-induced contraction. α,β-meATP, P2X receptor agonist, potentiated EFS-induced contractions, suggesting that EFS-induced contraction involves P2X receptors, mainly P2X1. Values are expressed as means±S.E.M. ∗p<0.05 versus the control.
Fig. 4.
Effect of the P2Y receptor antagonist on the response of EFS-induced contraction. Reactive blue (a P2Y receptor antagonist) inhibited EFS-induced contraction in a concentration-dependent manner, suggesting that P2Y receptors participate in muscle contraction in response to EFS. Values are expressed as means± S.E.M. ∗p<0.05, ∗∗p<0.01 versus the control.
Fig. 5.
Effect of the P2Y receptor agonist on the response of EFS-induced contraction. ADPβS, a P2Y receptor agonist, potentiated EFS-induced contractions, suggesting EFS-induced contraction involves P2Y receptors, mainly P2Y1. Values are expressed as means±S.E.M. ∗p<0.05 versus the control.
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