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Abstract
Objectives
Stress can substantially affect the symptoms and courses of mood disorders. Among the various factors of stress perception, one's personality traits and mood states are especially important. The aim of the current study is to examine the influences of personality traits on perceived stress in mood disorder, comparing depressive disorders and bipolar disorders.
Methods
Patients with depressive disorders (n=81) and bipolar disorders (n=79) and who met Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition diagnostic criteria were recruited. Stress perception was measured using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). Personality traits were assessed using the Temperament and Character Inventory and the Neo-Five Factor Inventory. Linear regression analysis was performed to examine and determine the predictors that significantly affect perceived stress.
Results
Results of univariate linear regression analysis showed that neuroticism, harm avoidance, and novelty seeking were positively related to the PSS score in patients with bipolar disorder. However, agreeableness, self-directedness, extraversion, cooperativeness, and conscientiousness subscales were negatively related to the PSS score. In depressive patients as well, harm avoidance and neuroticism were positively related to the PSS score. Reward dependence, extraversion, agreeableness, self-directedness, and cooperativeness were negatively related to the PSS score. In multivariate linear analysis, self-directedness and extraversion were negatively associated with the PSS score in bipolar patients.
Conclusion
These results suggest that personality traits associated with perceived stress may differ according to the subtypes of mood disorders. In addition, consideration of the differences in personality subtypes that affect perceived stress is probably required in order to establish strategies for decreasing perceived stress in mood disorder.
Figures and Tables
Table 2
Comparison of personality traits related to perceived stress between depressive and bipolar disorders using univariate linear regression
Statistics were tested by univariate linear regression. * : p<0.05. TCI : Temperament Character Inventory, NS : Novelty seeking, HA : Harm avoidance, RD : Reward dependence, P : Persistence, SD : Self-directedness, COO : Cooperativeness, ST : Self-transcendence, NEO-FFI : NEO-Five Factor Inventory, N : Neuroticism, E : Extraversion, O : Openness, A : Agreeableness, CON : Conscientiousness
Table 3
Multivariate linear regression analysis predicting Perceived Stress Scale score in depressive and bipolar disorders
Multivariate linear regression is performed with forward selection method. Depressive disorder group : model 1, R2=0.484, adjusted R2=0.476 ; model 2, R2=0.546, adjusted R2=0.531 ; model 3, R2=0.579, adjusted R2=0.558. Bipolar disorder group : model 1, R2=0.377, adjusted R2=0.367 ; model 2, R2=0.425, adjusted R2=0.406. BDI : Beck Depression Inventory, TCI : Temperament Character Inventory, HA : Harm avoidance, SD : Self-directedness, NEO-FFI : NEO-Five Factor Inventory, A : Agreeableness
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