Validation of a Video Based Scale for Measuring Social Cognition in Schizophrenia

Jungsun Lee; Harin Kim; Myong-Wuk Chon; Joon-Ho Ahn; Yeon Ho Joo; Chang-Yoon Kim

doi:10.4306/jknpa.2016.55.2.122

Journal List > J Korean Neuropsychiatr Assoc > v.55(2) > 1017792

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Lee, Kim, Chon, Ahn, Joo, and Kim: Validation of a Video Based Scale for Measuring Social Cognition in Schizophrenia

Original Article

Journal of Korean Neuropsychiatric Association 2016; 55(2): 122-130.

Published online: 31 May 2016

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4306/jknpa.2016.55.2.122

Validation of a Video Based Scale for Measuring Social Cognition in Schizophrenia

Jungsun Lee, MD, PhD¹, Harin Kim, MD, MS¹, Myong-Wuk Chon, MD, MS¹, Joon-Ho Ahn, MD, PhD², Yeon Ho Joo, MD, PhD¹, Chang-Yoon Kim, MD, PhD¹

¹Department of Psychiatry, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

²Department of Psychiatry, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea.

Address for correspondence: Chang-Yoon Kim, MD, PhD. Department of Psychiatry, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05505, Korea. Tel +82-2-3010-3410, Fax +82-2-485-8381, cykim@amc.seoul.kr

Received 29 February 2016 Revised 3 April 2016 Accepted 25 April 2016

Abstract

Objectives

Social cognition plays an important role in psychiatric symptoms and prognosis in patients with schizophrenia. Diagnostic scales are predominantly text-based or intended for the evaluation of theoretical concepts, with limited usefulness in clinical settings. We therefore developed a video based social cognition scale.

Methods

Our scale consists of 20 video clips portraying frequently experienced social interactions in real life. Patients were asked which interactions were socially unnatural and the reasons for lies told by actors. Our scale was validated and social cognition and its relationship with symptoms was evaluated using item response theory.

Results

A total of 209 participants (schizophrenia, 101 ; bipolar disorder, 49 ; healthy controls 59) were enrolled. Our scale showed high reliability and concurrent validity compared with the order subtest of the short form of the Weschler Adult Intelligence scale. Internal validity also was high (Cronbach's alpha=0.904). Most items were easy to answer and highly discriminative. The test information curve showed our scale to be more informative in patients with low social cognition ability.

Conclusion

Our scale may aid in the study of pathology and social cognition deficits in patients with schizophrenia.

Keywords: Theory of mind, Schizophrenia, Bipolar disorder, Reliability, Validity

Figures and Tables

Fig. 1

Correct rate of each item of video-based social cognition scale according to diagnosis.

Fig. 2

Item characteristics curves, item information curves, and test information function. A : Item characteristic curves of each item. The relationship between the probability of correct response to each item and the participant's ability. B : Item informative curves of each item. The amount of item information (estimated participants' ability) is plotted against ability. C : Test informative curve. The sum of all item informative curves in the test.

Table 1

Video based social cognition scale

To improve reader comprehension, we included Korean expression in parentheses. USC : Understanding Social Context (사회적 맥락), UCC : Understanding Communicative Context (의사소통의 맥락), PT : Perspective Taking (관점 전환), EP : Empathy (공감), AS : Attributional Style (귀인양식)

Table 2

Demographic characteristics of participants

Number of participants : ^* : 91, ^† : 40, ^‡ : 27, ^§ : 24. PANSS : Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, YMRS : Young Mania Rating Scale, MADRS : Montgomery Asberg Depression Rating Scale, BDI : Beck Depression Inventory, S : Schizophrenia group, B : Bipolar disorder group, H : Healthy controls

Table 3

Correlations between sum of video based social cognition scale and symptoms in patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder

GAF : Global Assessment of Functioning, PANSS : Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, YMRS : Young Mania Rating Scale, MADRS : Montgomery Asberg Depression Rating Scale, BDI : Beck Depression Inventory

Table 4

Model fit information across by number of latent variable

AIC : Akaike information criterion, BIC : Bayesian information criterion, RMSEA : Root mean square error of approximation

Notes

^{Conflicts of Interest} The authors have no financial conflicts of interest.

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