Gender Differences between Metabolic Syndrome and Mental Health Problems in Adults Using Community Health Services

Seul-Ki Lee; Yong-E Jang; Jin-Sook Choi; Hyun-Bo Shim; Hae-Woo Lee

doi:10.4306/jknpa.2015.54.4.570

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Lee, Jang, Choi, Shim, and Lee: Gender Differences between Metabolic Syndrome and Mental Health Problems in Adults Using Community Health Services

Original Article

Journal of Korean Neuropsychiatric Association 2015; 54(4): 570-577.

Published online: 30 November 2015

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4306/jknpa.2015.54.4.570

Gender Differences between Metabolic Syndrome and Mental Health Problems in Adults Using Community Health Services

Seul-Ki Lee, MD, Yong-E Jang, MD, Jin-Sook Choi, MD, Hyun-Bo Shim, MD, Hae-Woo Lee, MD

Department of Psychiatry, Seoul Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.

Address for correspondence: Hae-Woo Lee, MD. Department of Psychiatry, Seoul Medical Center, 156 Sinnae-ro, Jungnang-gu, Seoul 02053, Korea. Tel +82-2-2276-8518, Fax +82-2-2276-8538, haebee@daum.net

Received 30 June 2015 Revised 30 July 2015 Accepted 31 July 2015

Abstract

Objectives

The objective of this study was to examine the and gender difference between metabolic syndrome and clinical psychiatric characteristics.

Methods

This study was conducted in local habitants who visited one community health service from July to August 2014. 318 local habitants who have not been diagnosed with psychiatric disorders were evaluated using Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D), Reynold Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire (SIQ, Reynolds), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (SES), Korean version of WHO Quality of Life Scale-Abbreviated Version (WHOQOL-BREF), and EuroQol-5 Dimension (EQ-5D). Differences in demographic characteristics of both gender were analyzed.

Results

In women, the group with metabolic syndrome showed significantly lower alcohol drinking frequency (p<0.001), educational level (p<0.001) compared to the group without syndrome. Women with metabolic syndrome had lower scores for physical health (p=0.002), environment (p=0.007) on WHOQOL-BREF than those without the syndrome. However, CES-D, EQ-5D, SIQ, Reynolds, and SES show no differences. Among men, no difference was observed in all scales. In addition, in women, logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for confounders, metabolic syndrome group had lower score for physical health (p=0.009), environment (p=0.042) on WHOQOL-BREF than the group without syndrome.

Conclusion

Our study showed an association of metabolic syndrome with poor physical health, environment in women.

Keywords: Gender differences, Metabolic syndrome, Quality of Life, Depression, Suicidal ideation, Self-esteem

Figures and Tables

Table 1

Comparisons of sociodemographic characteristics between male and female for the presence of the metabolic syndrome

Independent t-test was done for continuous variable (age). Chi-square test was done for categorical variables (smoking, alcohol drinking frequency, education, income, marital status, medical problem). * : p-value<0.05. SD : Standard deviation

Table 2

Gender difference of clinical mental health outcomes between male and female for the presence of the metabolic syndrome

Independent t-test was done for continuous variables. Data was presented as mean/standard deviation. * : p-value<0.05. CES-D : Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale, EQ-5D : EuroQol-5 Dimension, SIQ, Reynolds : Reynold Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire, WHOQOL-BREF : Korean version of WHO Quality of Life Scale Abbreviated Version, SES : Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale

Table 3

Logistic regression analyses of mental health outcomes between metabolic syndrome and normal control groups

Adjusted for age, alcohol drinking frequency, education, income and medical condition. * : p-value<0.05. S.E. : Standard error, OR : Odds ratio, CI : Confidence interval, EQ-5D : EuroQol-5 Dimension, CES-D : Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale, SIQ, Reynolds : Reynold Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire, SES : Self-Esteem Scale, WHOQOL-BREF : WHO Quality of Life Scale Abbreviated Version

Notes

^{Conflicts of Interest} The authors have no financial conflicts of interest.

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