The Effect of Depression, Impulsivity, and Resilience on Smartphone Addiction in University Students

Su Mi Kim; Hyu Jung Huh; Hyun Cho; Min Kwon; Ji Hye Choi; Hee June Ahn; Sun Woo Lee; Yeon Ji Kim; Dai Jin Kim

doi:10.4306/jknpa.2014.53.4.214

Journal List > J Korean Neuropsychiatr Assoc > v.53(4) > 1017683

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Kim, Huh, Cho, Kwon, Choi, Ahn, Lee, Kim, and Kim: The Effect of Depression, Impulsivity, and Resilience on Smartphone Addiction in University Students

Original Article

Journal of Korean Neuropsychiatric Association 2014; 53(4): 214-220.

Published online: 29 July 2014

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4306/jknpa.2014.53.4.214

The Effect of Depression, Impulsivity, and Resilience on Smartphone Addiction in University Students

Su Mi Kim, MD¹, Hyu Jung Huh, MD², Hyun Cho³, Min Kwon³, Ji Hye Choi³, Hee June Ahn, PhD⁴, Sun Woo Lee⁵, Yeon Ji Kim⁵, Dai Jin Kim, MD²

¹Department of Psychiatry, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.

²Department of Psychiatry, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.

³Addiction Research Institute, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.

⁴Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul, Korea.

⁵College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.

Address for correspondence: Dai Jin Kim, MD. Department of Psychiatry, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 137-701, Korea. Tel +82-2-2258-6086, Fax +82-2-594-3870, kdj922@chollian.net

Received 13 May 2014 Revised 11 June 2014 Accepted 11 June 2014

Abstract

Objectives

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of depression, impulsivity, and resilience on smartphone addiction in university students.

Methods

A total of 322 students from two universities in Seoul were enrolled in this study. Participants were divided into a risk user group and normal user group according to results using the Korean smartphone addiction scale. We additionally surveyed smartphone use patterns of the participants. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS), and Conner-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RS) were also used for measurement of the participants' severity of depression, impulsivity, and resilience.

Results

The risk user group spent more time using a smartphone on weekdays than the normal user group. The risk user group showed significantly higher scores on BDI, BIS than the normal user group. The risk user group showed significantly lower scores on CD-RS than the normal user group. Results of multiple regression analysis showed that impulsivity was a significant factor affecting smartphone addiction in university students.

Conclusion

These results suggest that smartphone addiction is influenced by impulsivity. Students with high impulsivity may be vulnerable to smartphone addiction. Further research regarding the underlying mechanisms of these associations is needed.

Keywords: Smartphone, Addiction, Impulsivity, Depression, Resilience

Figures and Tables

Table 1

Sociodemographic characteristics of subjects

SD : Standard deviation

Table 2

Smartphone using time in each user group

SAS : Smartphone Addiction Scale, MUTIW : Mean Using Time In Weekdays, MUTIw : Mean Using Time In weekends, mUT : main Using Time, mUTIW : main Using Time In Weekdays, mUTIw : main Using Time In weekends

Table 3

Comparison of BDI, BIS, and CD-RS between risk user group and normal user group

BDI : Beck Depression Inventory, BIS : Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, CD-RS : Conner-Davidson Resilience Scale, SD : Standard deviation

Table 4

Logistic regression analysis of the effects of BDI, BIS, and CD-RS on the smartphone addiction risk user group

BDI : Beck Depression Inventory, BIS : Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, CD-RS : Conner-Davidson Resilience Scale

Notes

The authors have no financial conflicts of interest.

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