Development of Clinical Guideline for the Diagnosis and Evaluation of Depression: Focused on Diagnosis Guideline

Eunsoo Moon; Jeong Kyu Sakong; Sung Won Jung; Hyung Mo Sung; Jun Yeop Lee; Bon Hoon Koo; Yang Tae Kim; Im Hee Shin; Hyunju Cho; Dae Hyun Kim; Min Kyung Kim; Jung Sik Choi; In Myung Jung; Jung Bum Kim

doi:10.4306/jknpa.2014.53.1.15

Journal List > J Korean Neuropsychiatr Assoc > v.53(1) > 1017675

Go to TopGo to Top Go to BottomGo to Bottom

TOOLS

Moon, Sakong, Jung, Sung, Lee, Koo, Kim, Shin, Cho, Kim, Kim, Choi, Jung, and Kim: Development of Clinical Guideline for the Diagnosis and Evaluation of Depression: Focused on Diagnosis Guideline

Original Article

Journal of Korean Neuropsychiatric Association 2014; 53(1): 15-23.

Published online: 31 January 2014

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4306/jknpa.2014.53.1.15

Development of Clinical Guideline for the Diagnosis and Evaluation of Depression: Focused on Diagnosis Guideline

Eunsoo Moon, MD¹, Jeong Kyu Sakong, MD, PhD², Sung Won Jung, MD, PhD^3,⁴, Hyung Mo Sung, MD, PhD⁵, Jun Yeop Lee, MD, PhD⁵, Bon Hoon Koo, MD, PhD⁶, Yang Tae Kim, MD, PhD^3,⁴, Im Hee Shin, PhD⁷, Hyunju Cho, PhD⁸, Dae Hyun Kim, MD, PhD⁹, Min Kyung Kim, PhD⁴, Jung Sik Choi, MD¹⁰, In Myung Jung, MA⁴, Jung Bum Kim, MD, PhD^3,⁴

¹Department of Psychiatry, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea.

²Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, Korea.

³Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu, Korea.

⁴Department of Psychiatry, Dongsan Medical Center, Daegu, Korea.

⁵Department of Psychiatry, CHA Gumi Medical Center, CHA University, Gumi, Korea.

⁶Department of Psychiatry, Yeungnam University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.

⁷Department of Medical Statistics, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.

⁸Department of Psychology, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Korea.

⁹Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Daegu, Korea.

¹⁰Department of Psychiatry, M Hospital, Daegu, Korea.

Address for correspondence: Jung Bum Kim, MD, PhD. Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Keimyung Univerisity, Dongsan Medical Center, 56 Dalseong-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu 700-712, Korea. Tel: +82-53-250-7811, Fax: +82-53-250-7810, kim1159@dsmc.or.kr

Received 10 October 2013 Revised 27 October 2013 Accepted 8 November 2013

Abstract

Objectives

The aim of this study is to develop guideline for use in diagnosis of depression.

Methods

Development of this guideline was processed according to the ADAPTE manual, which was developed for adaptation of good clinical practice guidelines. Important key questions were determined, and a systematic review of clinical practice guidelines was performed. The contents of guidelines selected by comparison of the methodological quality and currency were evaluated with regard to the applicability and acceptability. Answers to key questions and clinical recommendations were established by peer review.

Results

There has been no evidence on strategies to improve the accuracy and rate of diagnosis of depression. The screening tools for depression were useful in diagnosis of depression in clinical practice.

Conclusion

The results of this study may suggest the necessity of strategies to improve the validity and reliability of diagnosis of depression. In contrast, scales for screening depression can be useful in diagnosis of depression. This guideline did not include systematic reviews regarding useful scales for diagnosis of depression. In the future, amendment of this guideline might be needed in order to supplement limitations.

Keywords: Clinical practice guideline, Depression, Depressive disorder, Diagnosis, Evaluation

Figures and Tables

Figure 1

Searching and selection of clinical practice guideline for diagnosis and evaluation of depression.

References

1. World Health Organization. Mental Health: New Understanding, New Hope. Geneva: The World Health Report;2001.

2. Patten SB, Kennedy SH, Lam RW, O'Donovan C, Filteau MJ, Parikh SV, et al. Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments (CANMAT) clinical guidelines for the management of major depressive disorder in adults I Classification, burden and principles of management. J Affect Disord. 2009; 117:Suppl 1. S5–S14.

3. Cho MJ. The Epidemiology Survey of Mental Disorders in Korea. Seoul: Ministry of Health and Welfare;2011.

4. Sadock BJ, Kaplan HI, Sadock VA. Kaplan & Sadock's synopsis of psychiatry: behavioral sciences/clinical psychiatry. 10th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins;2007.

5. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual for mental disorders. 4th ed. Text revision (DSM-IV-TR). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association;2000.

6. World Health Organization. The ICD-10 classification of mental and behavioural disorders: clinical description and diagnostic guidelines. Geneva: WHO;1993.

7. Ereshefsky L. The Texas Medication Algorithm Project for major depression. Manag Care. 2001; 10:8 Suppl. 16–17. discussion 18–discussion 22.

8. Hyler SE. APA Online CME Practice Guideline for the Treatment of Patients with Major Depressive Disorder. J Psychiatr Pract. 2002; 8:315–319.

9. Anderson IM, Ferrier IN, Baldwin RC, Cowen PJ, Howard L, Lewis G, et al. Evidence-based guidelines for treating depressive disorders with antidepressants: a revision of the 2000 British Association for Psychopharmacology guidelines. J Psychopharmacol. 2008; 22:343–396.

10. Lam RW, Kennedy SH, Grigoriadis S, McIntyre RS, Milev R, Ramasubbu R, et al. Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments (CANMAT) clinical guidelines for the management of major depressive disorder in adults. III. Pharmacotherapy. J Affect Disord. 2009; 117:Suppl 1. S26–S43.

11. Poses RM. Efficacy of antidepressants and USPSTF guidelines for depression screening. Ann Intern Med. 2010; 152:753.

12. National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence. Depression: the Treatment and Management of Depression in Adults. London: National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence;2009.

13. Kim SY, Kim NS, Shin SS, Jee SM, Lee SJ, Kim SH. Manual for Guideline Adaptation Ver 2.0. Seoul: National Evidence-based Healthcare Collaborating Agency;2011.

14. ICSI Health Care Guideline Working Group. Institude for Clinical System Improvement (ICSI) Health Care Guideline: Major Depression in Adults in Primary Care. 14th ed. Bloomington: Institute for Clinical Systems Improvement, Inc;2011.

15. Kennedy SH, Milev R, Giacobbe P, Ramasubbu R, Lam RW, Parikh SV, et al. Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments (CANMAT) Clinical guidelines for the management of major depressive disorder in adults. IV. Neurostimulation therapies. J Affect Disord. 2009; 117:Suppl 1. S44–S53.

16. New Zealand Guidelines Group. Identification of Common Mental Disorders and Management of Depression in Primary Care: Best practice evidence-based guideline. Wellington: New Zealand Guidelines Group;2008.

17. Gilbody S, Richards D, Brealey S, Hewitt C. Screening for depression in medical settings with the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ): a diagnostic meta-analysis. J Gen Intern Med. 2007; 22:1596–1602.

18. Kroenke K, Spitzer RL, Williams JB, Löwe B. The Patient Health Questionnaire Somatic, Anxiety, and Depressive Symptom Scales: a systematic review. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 2010; 32:345–359.

19. Wittkampf KA, Naeije L, Schene AH, Huyser J, van Weert HC. Diagnostic accuracy of the mood module of the Patient Health Questionnaire: a systematic review. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 2007; 29:388–395.

20. Kroenke K, Spitzer RL, Williams JB. The PHQ-9: validity of a brief depression severity measure. J Gen Intern Med. 2001; 16:606–613.

21. Löwe B, Spitzer RL, Gräfe K, Kroenke K, Quenter A, Zipfel S, et al. Comparative validity of three screening questionnaires for DSM-IV depressive disorders' and physicians diagnoses. J Affect Disord. 2004; 78:131–140.

22. Wulsin L, Somoza E, Heck J. The Feasibility of Using the Spanish PHQ-9 to Screen for Depression in Primary Care in Honduras. Prim Care Companion J Clin Psychiatry. 2002; 4:191–195.

23. Henkel V, Mergl R, Kohnen R, Allgaier AK, Möller HJ, Hegerl U. Use of brief depression screening tools in primary care: consideration of heterogeneity in performance in different patient groups. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 2004; 26:190–198.

24. Eack SM, Greeno CG, Lee BJ. Limitations of the Patient Health Questionnaire in identifying anxiety and depression in community mental health: many cases are undetected. Res Soc Work Pract. 2006; 16:625–631.

25. Adewuya AO, Ola BA, Afolabi OO. Validity of the patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9) as a screening tool for depression amongst Nigerian university students. J Affect Disord. 2006; 96:89–93.

26. Gilbody S, Richards D, Barkham M. Diagnosing depression in primary care using self-completed instruments: UK validation of PHQ-9 and CORE-OM. Br J Gen Pract. 2007; 57:650–652.

27. McManus D, Pipkin SS, Whooley MA. Screening for depression in patients with coronary heart disease (data from the Heart and Soul Study). Am J Cardiol. 2005; 96:1076–1081.

28. Watnick S, Wang PL, Demadura T, Ganzini L. Validation of 2 depression screening tools in dialysis patients. Am J Kidney Dis. 2005; 46:919–924.

29. Persoons P, Luyckx K, Desloovere C, Vandenberghe J, Fischler B. Anxiety and mood disorders in otorhinolaryngology outpatients presenting with dizziness: validation of the self-administered PRIME-MD Patient Health Questionnaire and epidemiology. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 2003; 25:316–323.

30. Fann JR, Bombardier CH, Dikmen S, Esselman P, Warms CA, Pelzer E, et al. Validity of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 in assessing depression following traumatic brain injury. J Head Trauma Rehabil. 2005; 20:501–511.

31. Williams LS, Brizendine EJ, Plue L, Bakas T, Tu W, Hendrie H, et al. Performance of the PHQ-9 as a screening tool for depression after stroke. Stroke. 2005; 36:635–638.

32. Picardi A, Adler DA, Abeni D, Chang H, Pasquini P, Rogers WH, et al. Screening for depressive disorders in patients with skin diseases: a comparison of three screeners. Acta Derm Venereol. 2005; 85:414–419.

33. Diez-Quevedo C, Rangil T, Sanchez-Planell L, Kroenke K, Spitzer RL. Validation and utility of the patient health questionnaire in diagnosing mental disorders in 1003 general hospital Spanish inpatients. Psychosom Med. 2001; 63:679–686.

34. Kroenke K, Spitzer RL, Williams JB. The Patient Health Questionnaire-2: validity of a two-item depression screener. Med Care. 2003; 41:1284–1292.

35. Löwe B, Kroenke K, Gräfe K. Detecting and monitoring depression with a two-item questionnaire (PHQ-2). J Psychosom Res. 2005; 58:163–171.

36. Spitzer RL, Kroenke K, Williams JB. Validation and utility of a self-report version of PRIME-MD: the PHQ primary care study. Primary Care Evaluation of Mental Disorders. Patient Health Questionnaire. JAMA. 1999; 282:1737–1744.

37. Pinto-Meza A, Serrano-Blanco A, Peñarrubia MT, Blanco E, Haro JM. Assessing depression in primary care with the PHQ-9: can it be carried out over the telephone? J Gen Intern Med. 2005; 20:738–742.

38. Löwe B, Unützer J, Callahan CM, Perkins AJ, Kroenke K. Monitoring depression treatment outcomes with the patient health questionnaire-9. Med Care. 2004; 42:1194–1201.

39. Duffy FF, Chung H, Trivedi M, Rae DS, Regier DA, Katzelnick DJ. Systematic use of patient-rated depression severity monitoring: is it helpful and feasible in clinical psychiatry? Psychiatr Serv. 2008; 59:1148–1154.

40. Huang FY, Chung H, Kroenke K, Delucchi KL, Spitzer RL. Using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 to measure depression among racially and ethnically diverse primary care patients. J Gen Intern Med. 2006; 21:547–552.

41. Yeung A, Fung F, Yu SC, Vorono S, Ly M, Wu S, et al. Validation of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 for depression screening among Chinese Americans. Compr Psychiatry. 2008; 49:211–217.

42. Lotrakul M, Sumrithe S, Saipanish R. Reliability and validity of the Thai version of the PHQ-9. BMC Psychiatry. 2008; 8:46.

43. Han C, Jo SA, Kwak JH, Pae CU, Steffens D, Jo I, et al. Validation of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 Korean version in the elderly population: the Ansan Geriatric study. Compr Psychiatry. 2008; 49:218–223.

44. Donnelly PL, Kim KS. The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9K) to screen for depressive disorders among immigrant Korean American elderly. J Cult Divers. 2008; 15:24–29.

45. An JY, Seo ER, Lim KH, Shin JH, Kim JB. Standardization of the Korean Version of Screening Tool for Depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9, PHQ-9). J Korean Soc Biol Ther Psychiatry. 2013; 19:47–56.

46. Shin JH, Kim HC, Jung CH, Kim JB, Jung SW, Cho HJ, et al. The standardization of the Korean Version of the Patient Health Questionnaire-2. J Korean Neuropsychiatr Assoc. 2013; 52:115–121.

47. U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Screening for depression. Systematic Evidence Review. Washington, DC: US Preventive Services Task Force;2002.

48. Arroll B, Goodyear-Smith F, Crengle S, Gunn J, Kerse N, Fishman T, et al. Validation of PHQ-2 and PHQ-9 to screen for major depression in the primary care population. Ann Fam Med. 2010; 8:348–353.

49. Zimmerman M, Mattia JI. The Psychiatric Diagnostic Screening Questionnaire: development, reliability and validity. Compr Psychiatry. 2001; 42:175–189.

50. Spitzer RL, Williams JB, Gibbon M, First MB. The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R (SCID). I: History, rationale, and description. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1992; 49:624–629.

51. Sheehan DV, Lecrubier Y, Sheehan KH, Amorim P, Janavs J, Weiller E, et al. The Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.): the development and validation of a structured diagnostic psychiatric interview for DSM-IV and ICD-10. J Clin Psychiatry. 1998; 59:Suppl 20. 22–33. quiz 34–quiz 57.

TOOLS

Similar articles