Oxidative Stress Markers in the Venous Plasma of Women with Preterm Labor and Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes

Yoon Ha Kim; Eun Ji Noh; Ju A Back; Jong Woon Kim; Tae-Bok Song

doi:10.14734/kjp.2015.26.4.336

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Kim, Noh, Back, Kim, and Song: Oxidative Stress Markers in the Venous Plasma of Women with Preterm Labor and Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes

Original Article

Korean J Perinatol 2015;26(4):336-343.

Published online: 20 December 2015

DOI: https://doi.org/10.14734/kjp.2015.26.4.336

Oxidative Stress Markers in the Venous Plasma of Women with Preterm Labor and Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes

Yoon Ha Kim, M.D., Ph.D., Eun Ji Noh, M.D., Ju A Back, M.D., Jong Woon Kim, M.D., Ph.D., Tae-Bok Song, M.D., Ph.D.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea

Correspondence to: Yoon Ha Kim, M.D., Ph.D., Jong Woon Kim, M.D., Ph.D. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chonnam National University Medical School, 42, Jebong-ro, Dong-gu, Gwangju 61469, Korea Tel: +82-62-220-6375, 6379, Fax: +82-62-227-1637, E-mail: kimyh@jnu.ac.kr, jwkimmd@jnu.ac.kr

Received 28 October 2015 Revised 9 December 2015 Accepted 26 December 2015

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Purpose

This study was performed to investigate the oxidation and antioxidation capacity in the maternal venous plasma of preterm labor with intact membranes, and premature rupture of membranes (PPROM), and also to evaluate their roles in the pathophysiology of PPROM.

Methods

Seventy five women in the following categories had venous blood retrieved: (1) Group A, normal pregnancy (n=24). (2) Group B, preterm labor with intact membranes (n=25). (3) Group C, preterm premature rupture of membranes (n=26). Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels as a marker of lipid peroxidation by thiobarbituric acid reaction, protein carbonyl content by 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine reaction, and total antioxidant capacity by oxygen radical absorbance capacity assay (ORAC) were measured. Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis test were used for statistical analysis.

Results

Lipid peroxide levels in the venous plasma of group B and C were significantly higher than those of group A (group B: 4.59±0.30, group C: 5.40±0.22 vs. group A: 3.90±0.26 nmol/mg protein, P<0.05). Lipid peroxide levels in the venous plasma of group C were significantly higher than those of group B (P<0.05). Protein carbonyl levels in the venous plasma of group C were significantly higher than those of group A (group C: 5.68±0.42 vs. group A: 5.43±0.41 nmol/mg protein, P<0.05). There was no significant difference of protein carbonyl levels in the venous plasma between group A and B. ORAC levels in the venous plasma of group B and C were significantly lower than those of group A (group B: 117.90±0.48, group C: 111.68±1.23 vs. group A: 119.14±1.12 mM/mL, P<0.05). ORAC levels in the venous plasma of group C were significantly lower than those of group B (P<0.05).

Conclusion

In the blood of the women with preterm premature rupture of membranes, the lipid peroxidation was increased and the antioxidant capacity was decreased compared to women with normal pregnancy and preterm labor with intact membranes. These results suggest that oxidative stress was increased in preterm premature rupture of membranes.

Keywords: Oxidative stress marker, Preterm labor, Preterm premature rupture of membranes

References

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Fig. 1.

Levels of lipid peroxidation as estimated by thiobarbituric acid reaction in maternal venous plasma. ∗P<0.05 compared to Group A, ^†P<0.05 compared to Group B. Abbreviation: MDA, malondialdehyde.

Fig. 2.

Levels of protein carbonyl contents in maternal venous plasma.

Fig. 3.

The oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) levels in maternal venous plasma. ∗P<0.05 compared to Group A, ^†P<0.05 compared to Group B.

Table 1.

Clinical Characteristics and Oxidative Stress Markers of Two Groups

Variable	Group A (n=24)	Group B (n=25)	Group C (n=26)	P-value
Latent period (days)		7.7±1.4	6.6±1.0	0.932
Maternal age (yr)	31.9±0.8	30.4±0.7	31.0±9.0	0.535
Multiparous	10(41%)	10(40%)	9(35%)	0.823
Gestational age at admission (wk)		29.4±0.6	29.3±0.4	0.658
Gestational age at delivery		30.5±0.6	30.3±0.4	0.497
Cervix length		13.8±1.8	16.3±2.0	0.195
C-reactive protein (mg/dL)		2.13±0.4	1.27±0.4	0.052
MDA (nmol/mg protein)	3.90±0.26	4.59±0.30	5.40±0.22	<0.001
Carbonyl (nmol/mg protein)	5.43±0.41	5.63±0.18	5.68±0.08	0.160
ORAC (mM/mL)	119.14±1.12	117.90±0.48	111.6±1.23	<0.001

Data: Mean±SE or number (%). Abbreviations: MDA; malondialdehyde, ORAC; oxygen radical absorbance capacity.

Table 2.

Clinical Characteristics and Oxidative Stress Markers of Patients with Latent Period below 3 Days

Variable	Group B (n=9)	Group C (n=8)	P-value
Latent period (days)	0.89±0.3	0.88±0.2	0.999
Maternal age (yr)	31.1±3.2	31.1±6.4	0.743
Multiparous	3(33%)	4(55%)	0.606
Gestational age at admission (wk)	29.0±1.2	30.6±1.0	0.481
Gestational age at delivery	29.2±1.1	30.7±1.0	0.481
Cervix length	9.3±1.4	13.4±3.6	0.181
C-reactive protein (mg/dL)	2.29±0.8	2.34±1.1	0.888
MDA (nmol/mg protein)	4.03±0.55	5.82±0.34	0.011
Carbonyl (nmol/mg protein)	5.17±0.24	5.60±0.07	0.046
ORAC (mM/mL)	119.21±0.38	108.11±2.23	0.004

Data: Mean±SE or number (%). Abbreviations: MDA; malondialdehyde, ORAC; oxygen radical absorbance capacity.

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