Infant who is less than a gestational age of 37 weeks, called premature baby, is born earlier and hence all organs are immature. Nowadays several studies showed that long-term outcomes of premature babies were dependent on the postnatal conditions or level of NICU care. However, there is growing body of evidence implicating infection during the prenatal periods as important contributors to the risk of adverse outcome in this high-risk population. Postnatal inflammations are characterized by the presence of marked release of inflammatory mediators; elevated proinflammatory cytokine levels (IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α), C-reactive protein, myeloperoxidase, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, matrix metalloproteinase are reported in preterm infants with prenatal inflammation. Moreover, premature-associated morbidities such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia, periventricular leukomalacia, nectrotizing enterocolitis, sepsis, and retinopathy of pretmaturity are more often in that condition. In the future, studies should be continued on intrauterine inflammation together with postnatal inflammation and strategies to reduce the rates of infection with possible drugs in these vulnerable infants are needed.