Anatomical Analysis of Clavicles in Korean Adults and Compatibility of Pre-Contoured Anatomical Plates

Hyeungjune Kim; Kyoungmo Nam; Daemyung Kang; Sunghak Oh; Dukhwan Kho

doi:10.4055/jkoa.2013.48.5.350

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Kim, Nam, Kang, Oh, and Kho: Anatomical Analysis of Clavicles in Korean Adults and Compatibility of Pre-Contoured Anatomical Plates

Original Article

Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association 2013; 48(5): 350-358.

Published online: 25 October 2013

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4055/jkoa.2013.48.5.350

Anatomical Analysis of Clavicles in Korean Adults and Compatibility of Pre-Contoured Anatomical Plates

Hyeungjune Kim, M.D., Kyoungmo Nam, M.D., Daemyung Kang, M.D., Sunghak Oh, M.D., Dukhwan Kho, M.D.

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Konkuk University Chungju Hospital, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Chungju, Korea.

Correspondence to: Dukhwan Kho, M.D. Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Konkuk University Chungju Hospital, 82 Gugwon-daero, Chungju 380-704, Korea. TEL: +82-43-840-8250, FAX: +82-43-844-7300, kodukan@naver.com

Received 23 January 2013 Revised 5 June 2013 Accepted 2 September 2013

(open-access):

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Purpose

Due to the complex anatomy of clavicles, clavicular plates are not always compatible with clavicular fractures. The purpose of this study was to analyze basic data on the anatomy of the clavicle in order to determine compatibility between clavicles of Korean adults and pre-contoured anatomical plates.

Materials and Methods

We analyzed the anatomy of 600 clavicles of 300 patients who underwent three-dimensional (3D) computed tomography of clavicles in the emergency room of Konkuk University Chungju Hospital, between July 2010 and July 2011, using Andermahr's method; in addition, the compatibility between 3D axial images of clavicles and sectional images of pre-contoured anatomical plates was also examined using Adobe Photoshop.

Results

The mean length of the clavicle was 146.21±4.98 mm, the mean width was 9.63±1.67 mm, and the mean thickness was 9.54±1.67 mm. The location of the maximum superior bow was 36.17±0.60 mm from the lateral end of the clavicle and the mean magnitude was 5.88±0.62 mm. The mean depth of medial curvature was 15.89±1.33 mm, and the mean depth of the lateral curvature of the clavicle was 11.73±1.66 mm. The compatibility between clavicles and plates was 79% as above a fair compatibility in the 50% range of clavicles and 48% as above a fair compatibility in the 60% to 70% range of clavicles. On the contrary, in application of medial and lateral plates in the 60% to 70% range of clavicles, above a fair compatibility had increased to 67%.

Conclusion

A more adequate pre-contoured anatomical plate is required for satisfactory improvement of the compatibility of clavicles of Korean adults.

Keywords: clavicle, pre-contoured plate, Korea, adult

Figures and Tables

Figure 1

Measurement of dimensions and curvature of the right clavicle. A, medial edge; B, lateral edge; C, D, anterior edge; E, F, posterior edge; L1, length of the clavicle; L2, depth of the medial curve of the clavicle; L3, depth of the lateral curve of the clavicle; Ant., anterior; Post., posterior; Med., medial; Lat., lateral.

Figure 2

Clavicular width (W; mm) measured at 10% intervals of total length using Aquilion 64 3-dimensional software.

Figure 3

Clavicular thickness (T; mm) measured at 10% interval of total length with using Aquilion 64 3-dimensional software.

Figure 4

Measurement method used to determine the location (D1) and magnitude (D2) of the maximum superior clavicular bow. Measurements were performed using Aquilion 64 3-dimensional software. A, medial edge; B, lateral edge; D1, location of the maximum superior clavicular bow; D2, magnitude of the maximum superior clavicular bow.

Figure 5

Clavicular width (W; mm) measured at 10% interval of total length.

Figure 6

Clavicular thickness (T; mm) measured at 10% interval of total length.

Figure 7

(A) Intra-operative photograph of a clavicle with a plate applied to the medial (Med.) and lateral (Lat.) sides in opposition. (B) Digital images of a clavicle with a plate applied as original. (C) Digital image of a clavicle with a plate applied in a Lat. mid-shaft clavicle fracture. (D) Digital image of a clavicle with a plate applied to the Med. and Lat. sides in opposition. Ant., anterior; Post., posterior.

Table 1

Mean Geometric Parameters (mm)

Values are presented as mean±standard deviation. MSB, maximum superior clavicular bow.

Table 2

Clavicular Width (W; mm) Measured at 10% Intervals of Total Length from the Clavicular Medial End

Values are presented as mean±standard deviation.

Table 3

Clavicular Thickness (T; mm) Measured at 10% Intervals of Total Length from the Clavicular Medial End

Values are presented as mean±standard deviation.

Table 4

Quality of Fitness: 50% Portion of Clavicle

Values are presented as number.

Table 5

Quality of Fitness: 60 to 70% Portion of Clavicle

Values are presented as number

Table 6

Quality of Fitness: 60 to 70% Portion of Clavicle; Plate Applieds to the Medial and Lateral Sides in Opposition

Values are presented as number.

Table 7

Statistical Analysis: Male vs. Female (mm)

Values are presented as mean±standard deviation. MSB, maximum superior clavicular bow.

Table 8

Statistical Analysis: Left vs. Right (mm)

Values are presented as mean±standard deviation. MSB, maximum superior clavicular bow.

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