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Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate the effect of a combined treatment with aminoguanidine (AG) and methylprednisolone (MP) on the neurological recovery after a spinal cord injury (SCI).
Materials and Methods
SCI models (weight-drop) of Sprague Dawley rat were divided into 4 groups after the SCI. Group I was injected with normal saline, Group II with MP, Group III with AG and Group IV with MP and AG. The behavioral and immunohistochemical changes along with RT-PCR of TNFRI, TNFRII, XIAP, IL-6, and IL-6R were analyzed quantitatively and compared.
Results
At 7 days, motor recovery was observed in groups II, IV, III, and I with the level of improvement increasing in that order. Neuron cells were observed in groups II, IV=III, and I. TNFRI was not expressed in group I, but was expressed at a similar level in groups II, III and IV. TNFRII was expressed the most in group II but was not expressed in group I. The level of XIAP expression was similar to that of TNFRII. Groups II and IV showed almost no IL-6 expression, while groups I and III showed similar levels of expression. IL-6-R showed an opposite pattern to IL-6.
Figures and Tables
Fig. 1
Open field score of the hind limbs after the spinal cord injury in each group. An open field score of 0 means no observable hind limb movement and an open field score 21 means normal hind limb movement.
Fig. 2
(A) The findings of the normalspinal cord at 200 magnitude. (B) The histology findings of each groups at 7 days after the SCI. The number means the group. There were differences in the degree and involvement of a petechial hemorrhage in each groups. The gray matter was preserved in group II.
Fig. 3
(A) Nissle cresyl violet stain for each group. Note the differences in neuron cella in each group. (B) Graph showing the change in neuron cells in each group according to the time after the spinal cord injury.
Fig. 4
(A) The results of RT-PCR for TNFRI: the order of the groups from left to right is II, III, IV and I. Note the similar pattern in groups II, III, and IV. TNFRI was not observed in group I. β-actin was used as the control. (B) RT-PCR results for TNFRII: the order of the groups from left to right is II, III, IV and I. TNFRII was expressed at different levels in groups II, III, and IV. However TNFRI was not expressed in group I.
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