Body Mass Index and Bone Mineral Density in Patients with Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis

Kuen Tak Suh; Seong Jang Kim; Jung Sub Lee

doi:10.4055/jkoa.2007.42.1.125

Journal List > J Korean Orthop Assoc > v.42(1) > 1012627

Go to TopGo to Top Go to BottomGo to Bottom

TOOLS

Suh, Kim, and Lee: Body Mass Index and Bone Mineral Density in Patients with Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis

Original Article

Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association

Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association 2007; 42(1): 125-130.

Published online: 28 February 2007

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4055/jkoa.2007.42.1.125

Body Mass Index and Bone Mineral Density in Patients with Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis

Kuen Tak Suh, M.D., Seong Jang Kim, M.D.^*, Jung Sub Lee, M.D.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea.

^*Department of Nuclear Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea.

Address reprint requests to Jung Sub Lee,M.D. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Pusan National University Hospital, 10, Ami-dong 1-ga, Seo-gu, Busan 602-739, Korea. Tel: +82.51-240-7248, Fax: +82.51-247-8395, jungsublee@pusan.ac.kr

Abstract

Purpose

To compare the anthropometric parameters, including weight, height, body mass index and bone mineral density in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, with those in age- and gender-matched controls.

Materials and Methods

The weight, height, body mass index and bone mineral density of 72 girls, aged 11-14 years, and newly diagnosed with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis were compared with 54 age-matched female control subjects. The bone mineral density of the lumbar spine, non-dominant femoral neck, greater trochanter and Ward's triangle were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.

Results

The average age of the 72 adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients and 54 controls were 12.9 years and 13.1 years, respectively. There was no significant difference in age between the 2 groups. The weight, uncorrected and corrected body mass index, as well as the bone mineral density of the lumbar spine and femoral neck were significantly lower in the adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients than those of the controls. There were no significant differences in bone mineral density of the greater trochanter and Ward's triangle between the 2 groups.

Conclusion

The weight, body mass index and bone mineral density of the lumbar spine and femoral neck in the adolescent idiopathic scoliosis were significantly lower than the controls. Further studies will be needed to determine the cause and early treatment effects of the low weight, body mass index and bone mineral density in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

Keywords: Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, Weight, Body mass index, Bone mineral density

Figures and Tables

Fig. 1

The scoliotic curvature of the spine in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis may present difficulties in measuring the spinal bone mineral density reliably. In order to minimize this problem, the amount of rotation in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis was determined by (A) pre-scanning of the spine and measuring the bone mineral density of the lumbar spine in (B) the neutral position.

Table 1

Age, Anthropometric Parameters and BMD of the Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis and Control Groups according to Age

S, adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (n); C, control (n); p, p-value; BMI, body mass index; BMD, bone mineral density (g/cm²); L, lumbar spine; FN, femoral neck; GT, greater trochanter; WT, Ward's triangle.

Table 2

Age, Anthropometric Parameters and BMD of the Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis and Control Groups by Risser Staging

S, adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (n); C, control(n); p, p-value; BMI, body mass index; BMD, bone mineral density (g/cm₂); L, lumbar spine; FN, femoral neck; GT, greater trochanter; WT, Ward's triangle.

References

1. Baker D, Roberts R, Towell T. Factors predictive of bone mineral density in eating-disordered women: a longitudinal study. Int J Eat Disord. 2000. 27:29–35.

2. Cheng JC, Guo X, Sher AH. Persistent osteopenia in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. A longitudinal follow up study. Spine. 1999. 24:1218–1222.

3. Cheng JC, Qin L, Cheung CS, et al. Generalized low areal and volumetric bone mineral density in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. J Bone Miner Res. 2000. 15:1587–1595.

4. Cheng JC, Tang SP, Guo X, Chan CW, Qin L. Osteopenia in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a histomorphometric study. Spine. 2001. 26:E19–E23.

5. Cheng JCY, Guo X, Sher AHL. Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis associated low bone mineral density. Chin J Orthop. 1998. 18:332–334.

6. Cheng JCY, Leung SSF, Lee WT, et al. Determinants of axial and peripheral bone mass in Chinese adolescents. Arch Dis Child. 1998. 78:524–530.

7. Cheng JCY, Maffulli N, Leung SSF, Lee WTK, Lau JTF, Chan KM. Axial and peripheral bone mineral acquisition: a 3-year longitudinal study in Chinese adolescents. Eur J Pediatr. 1999. 58:506–512.

8. Cook SD, Harding AF, Morgan EL, et al. Trabecular bone mineral density in idiopathic scoliosis. J Pediatr Orthop. 1987. 7:168–174.

9. Frost HM. Osteoporoses: a rationale for further definitions? Calcif Tissue Int. 1998. 62:89–94.

10. Fuchs RK, Bauer JJ, Snow CM. Jumping improves hip and lumbar spine bone mass in prepubescent children: a randomized controlled trial. J Bone Miner Res. 2001. 16:148–156.

11. Healey JH, Lane JM. Structural scoliosis in osteoporotic women. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1985. 195:216–223.

12. Ho S, Wong E, Chan SG, Lau J, Chan C, Leung PC. Determinants of peak bone mass in Chinese women aged 21-40 years. III. Physical activity and bone mineral density. J Bone Miner Res. 1997. 12:1262–1271.

13. Johnston CC Jr, Miller JZ, Slemenda CW, et al. Calcium supplementation and increase in bone mineral density in children. New Engl J Med. 1992. 327:82–87.

14. Lee WT, Cheung CS, Tse YK, et al. Generalized low bone mass of girls with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is related to inadequate calcium intake and weight bearing physical activity in peripubertal period. Osteoporos Int. 2005. 16:1024–1035.

15. Nilsson BE, Westlin NE. Bone density in athletes. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1971. 77:197–182.

16. Rigotti NA, Neer RM, Skates SJ, Herzog DB, Nussbaum SR. The clinical course of osteoporosis in anorexia nervosa. A longitudinal study of cortical bone mass. JAMA. 1991. 265:1133–1138.

17. Rigotti NA, Nussbaum SR, Herzog DB, Neer RM. Osteoporosis in women with anorexia nervosa. N Engl J Med. 1984. 311:1601–1606.

18. Slemenda CW, Peacock M, Hui S, Zhou L, Johnston CC. Reduced rates of skeletal remodeling are associated with increased bone mineral density during the dvelopment of peak skeletal mass. J Bone Miner Res. 1997. 12:676–682.

19. Smith FM, Latchford G, Hall RM, Millner PA, Dickson RA. Indications of disordered eating behaviour in adolescent patients with idiopathic scoliosis. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2002. 84:392–394.

20. Snyder BD, Zaltz I, Breitenbach MA, Kido TH, Myers ER, Emans JB. Does bracing affect bone density in adolescent scoliosis? Spine. 1995. 20:1554–1560.

21. Thomas KA, Cook SD, Skalley TC, et al. Lumbar spine and femoral neck bone mineral density in idiopathic scoliosis: a follow-up study. J Pediatr Orthop. 1992. 12:235–240.

22. Vanderpool DW, James JI, Wynne-Davies R. Scoliosis in the elderly. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1969. 51:446–455.

23. Velis KP, Healey JH, Schneider R. Peak skeletal mass assessment in young adults with idiopathic scoliosis. Spine. 1989. 14:706–711.

TOOLS

Similar articles