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Lee, Yoon, Kim, Rhee, Ryu, and Jahng: Investigation of the Correlation between Seoul Neuropsychological Screening Battery Scores and the Gray Matter Volume after Correction of Covariates of the Age, Gender, and Genotypes in Patients with AD and MCI
Original Article

Journal of the Korean Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine 2013; 17(4): 294-307.

Published online: 27 December 2013

DOI: https://doi.org/10.13104/jksmrm.2013.17.4.294

Investigation of the Correlation between Seoul Neuropsychological Screening Battery Scores and the Gray Matter Volume after Correction of Covariates of the Age, Gender, and Genotypes in Patients with AD and MCI

Seung-Yeon Lee1, , Soo-Young Yoon1, , Min-Ji Kim2, Hak Young Rhee3, Chang-Woo Ryu2, 4, Geon-Ho Jahng2, 4

1Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Korea.

2Department of Radiology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Korea.

3Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Korea.

4Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Korea.

Corresponding author: Geon-Ho Jahng, Ph.D. Department of Radiology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 892 Dongnam-ro, Gangdong-gu, Seoul 134-727, Korea. Tel. 82-2-440-6187, Fax. 82-2-440-6932, ghjahng@gmail.com

Equal contributor:

The first two authors contributed equally to this work.

Received 29 July 2013       Revised 27 August 2013       Accepted 9 September 2013

Copyright © 2013 Journal of the Korean Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine

(open-access):

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Purpose

To investigate the correlations between Seoul Neuropsychological Screening Battery (SNSB) scores and the gray matter volumes (GMV) in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and cognitively normal (CN) elderly subjects with correcting the genotypes.

Materials and Methods

Total 75 subjects were enrolled with 25 subjects for each group. The apolipoprotein E (APOE) epsilon genotypes, SNSB scores, and the 3D T1-weighted images were obtained from all subjects. Correlations between SNSB scores and GMV were investigated with the multiple regression method for each subject group using both voxel-based and region-of-interest-based analyses with covariates of age, gender, and the genotype.

Results

In the AD group, Rey Complex Figure Test (RCFT) delayed recall scores were positively correlated with GMV. In the MCI group, Seoul Verbal Learning Test (SVLT) scores were positively correlated with GMV. In the CN group, GMV negatively correlated with Boston Naming Test (K-BNT) scores and Mini-Mental State Examimation (K-MMSE) scores, but positively correlated with RCFT scores.

Conclusion

When we used covariates of age, gender, and the genotype, we found statistically significant correlations between some SNSB scores and GMV at some brain regions. It may be necessary to further investigate a longitudinal study to understand the correlation.

Keywords: SNSB, brain gray matter volume, genotype covariate, Alzheimer's type dementia, multiple regressions

Figures and Tables

Fig. 1
Results of the voxel-based positive correlations between gray matter volume and Rey complex figure test (RCFT) delayed recall scores in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients (a) or Seoul verbal learning test (SVLT) scores in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients (b).
jksmrm-17-294-g001
Fig. 2
Results of the voxel-based correlations between gray matter volume and Seoul Neuropsychological Screening Battery (SNSB) scores in the elderly cognitive normal (CN) subjects.
a. The negative correlation (blue color) between gray matter volume and Korean version of Boston naming test (K-BNT) scores.
b. The negative correlation (blue color) between gray matter volume and Korean version of mini-mental state examination (K-MMSE) scores
c. The positive correlation (red color) between gray matter volume and Rey complex figure test (RCFT) scores
jksmrm-17-294-g002
Fig. 3
Results of the region-of-interest-based correlations between gray matter volume and Seoul Neuropsychological Screening Battery (SNSB) scores.
a. The positive correlation with the Rey complex figure test (RCFT) delayed recall scores in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients.
b. The positive correlation with the Seoul verbal learning test (SVLT) scores in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients.
c. The negative correlation with the Korean version of Boston naming test (K-BNT) scores in the elderly cognitive normal (CN) subjects.
d. The negative correlation with the Korean version of mini-mental state examination (K-MMSE) scores in CN. subjects
e. The positive correlation with the RCFT scores in CN subjects.
jksmrm-17-294-g003
Table 1
Demographic Characteristics and Neuropsychological Test Scores
jksmrm-17-294-i001

Note.- CN, Cognitive normal; MCI, Mild cognitive impairment; AD, Alzheimer's disease; K-MMSE, Korean version of mini-mental state examination; K-BNT, Korean version of Boston naming test; SVLT, Seoul verbal learning test; RCFT, Rey complex figure test COWAT, Controlled oral word association test; CDR, Clinical dementia rating; Data are listed as the mean ± standard deviation (SD).

Age and gender were statistically significant between MCI and AD or CN and AD (p < 0.05); K-MMSE, Digit Span Forward, K-BNT, RCFT copy, RCFT recognition, COWAT animal, COWAT supermarket were statistically significant between MCI and AD or CN and AD (p < 0.05); *All indices were statistically significant difference among the three groups (p < 0.05).

Table 2
Result of Voxel-based Multiple Regression Analysis in Both the Altzheimer's Disease (AD) and the Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) Groups
jksmrm-17-294-i002

Note.- Rt, right; Lt, left; BA, Brodmann area; Z-score, Z-score of local maxima; ROI, region-of-interest; RCFT, Rey complex figure test; SVLT, Seoul verbal learning test; AD positive correlation: positively significant correlations of brain gray matter volume with the Rey complex figure test (RCFT) delayed recall scores in the Altzheimer's disease (AD) group.; There was no negatively significant correlation with the RCFT delayed recall scores in AD.

MCI positive correlation: positively significant correlations of brain gray matter volume with the Seoul verbal learning test (SVLT) scores in the mild cognitive impairment (MCI) group.

There was no negatively significant correlation with the SVLT scores in MCI.

Table 3
Result of Voxel-based Analysis That Shows Significant Correlations of Brain Gray Matter Volume with Seoul Neuropsychological Screening Battery (SNSB) in the Cognitive Normal (CN) Group
jksmrm-17-294-i003

Note.- Rt, right; Lt, left; BA, Brodmann area; Z-score, Z-score of local maxima; ROI, region-of-interest; K-BNT, Korean version of Boston naming test; K-MMSE, Korean version of mini-mental state examination; RCFT, Rey complex figure test; SVLT, Seoul verbal learning test; There were no positively significant correlations with the K-BNT, K-MMSE, RCFT copy, RCFT delayed recall, RCFT, SVLT delayed recall, and SVLT recognition scores.

Table 4
Results of Region-of-Interest (ROI)-based Analyses to Demonstrate Correlations of Neuropsychological Test Scores and Gray Matter Volume in the Cognitive Normal (CN), Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), and Alzheimer's Disease Groups
jksmrm-17-294-i004

Note.- Pearson, Pearson correlation coefficient; r2, r-square; CDR, Clinical dementia rating; SNSB, Seoul neuropsychological screening battery; STD, Standard deviation; RCFT, Rey complex figure test; SVLT, Seoul verbal learning test; K-BNT, Korean version of Boston naming test; K-MMSE, Korean version of mini-mental state examination

Region-of-interests (ROIs) were listed in Table 2 and 3.

*Gray matter volume (GMV) ranges that show mean±standard deviation (SD) are between 0 (0% gray matter) and 1 (100% gray matter).

SNSB scores of RCFT delayed recall (+), SVLT (+) and RCFT (+) indicate positive correlations with the gray matter volume in brain, respectively.

SNSB scores of K-BNT (-) and K-MMSE (-) indicate negative correlations with the gray matter volume in brain, respectively.

Notes

This study was supported by a grant of the Korean Health Technology R&D Project, Ministry for Health and Welfare, Republic of Korea (A111282).

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