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Abstract
Background:
Since April 2009, novel influenza A (H1N1) infection is spreading throughout the world. This infection might be fatal for immunocompromised patients who are at a potentially high risk of developing infectious complications. We investigated the detection rate and features of H1N1 infection in immunocompromised patients.
Methods:
Between August 2009 and February 2010, we examined 8,112 subjects, including 390 immunocompromised patients, for H1N1. Swab samples were taken from the nose and throat of the participants. Real-time PCR was performed to identify H1N1 viral genes.
Results:
Positive results were obtained in 2,953/8,112 (36.4%) subjects and 46/390 (11.8%) immuno-compromised patients. H1N1 was identified in 8.7% patients with solid cancer, 12.9% patients with hematologic malignancy, 16.7% patients with chronic renal disease, and 14.5% patients with kidney transplantation. The mean cycle threshold (Ct) value of PCR was significantly lower (P<0.05) in patients with hematologic malignancy as compared to that in patients with chronic renal disease and control subjects. Four patients died due to respiratory complications.
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Fig. 1.
Fig. 1. Comparison of cycle threshold (Ct) values of real-time PCR. ∗Significantly lower than CRD with dialysis and control (P<0.05). Abbreviations: CRD, chronic renal disease; KT, kidney transplantation.
Table 1.
Detection rate of novel influenza A (H1N1) virus in suspected patients
| N of patients examined | N of patients with positive result (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| Total patients | 8,112 | 2,953 (36.4) |
| Immunocompromised | 390 | 46 (11.8)∗ |
| Solid cancer | 195 | 17 (8.7) |
| Hematologic malignancy | 62 | 8 (12.9) |
| CRD with dialysis | 78 | 13 (16.7) |
| Post-KT | 55 | 8 (14.5) |
Table 2.
Characteristics of 46 immunocompromised patients infected with novel influenza A (H1N1) virus
Table 3.
Characteristics of deceased patients with novel influenza A (H1N1) infection
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