Abstract
A clinical isolate of Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis in Korea was found to produce the extended-spectrum β-lactamase CTX-M-15. The isolate was recovered in 2008 from the stool of a 3-yr-old boy with gastroenteritis. This isolate was found to be resistant to multiple drugs, including ampicillin, piperacillin, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, cefepime, and aztreonam. The resistance to cefotaxime was transferred by conjugation to recipient Escherichia coli J53. The patient was eventually successfully treated with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. This is the first report of the blaCTX-M-15 gene in S. enterica serotype Enteritidis in Korea.
REFERENCES
1.Stephen JM., Toleman MA., Walsh TR., Jones RN. Salmonella bloodstream infections: report from the SENTRY antimicrobial surveillance program (1997-2001). Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2003. 22:395–405.
2.Rotimi VO., Jamal W., Pal T., Sovenned A., Albert MJ. Emergence of CTX-M-15 type extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Salmonella spp. in Kuwait and the United Arab Emirates. J Med Microbiol. 2008. 57:881–6.
3.Morris D., Whelan M., Corbett-Feeney G., Cormican M., Hawkey P., Li X, et al. First report of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Salmonella enterica isolates in Ireland. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2006. 50:1608–9.
4.Su LH., Chiu CH., Chu C., Ou JT. Antimicrobial resistance in nontyphoid Salmonella serotypes: a global challenge. Clin Infect Dis. 2004. 39:546–51.
5.Bonnet R. Growing group of extended-spectrum β-lactamases: the CTX-M enzymes. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2004. 48:1–14.
6.Batchelor M., Hopkins K., Threlfall EJ., Clifton-Hadley FA., Stallwood AD., Davies RH, et al. bla (CTX-M) genes in clinical Salmonella isolates recovered from humans in England and Wales from 1992 to 2003. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2005. 49:1319–22.
7.Sambrook J., Fritsch EF., Maniatus T. Molecular cloning: a laboratory manual. 2nd ed.Cold Spring Harbor, NY: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press;1989.
8.Romero L., Lopez L., Martinez-Martinez L., Guerra B., Hernandez JR., Pascual A. Characterization of the first CTX-M-14-producing Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis isolate. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2004. 53:1113–4.
9.Edelstein M., Pimkin M., Dmitrachenko T., Semonov V., Kozlova N., Gladin D, et al. Multiple outbreaks of nosocomial salmonellosis in Russia and Belarus caused by a single clone of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium producing an extended-spectrum β-lactamase. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2004. 48:2808–15.
10.Kim HH., Park MS., Kang YH., Yu JY., Kim SH., Shin YH, et al. Epidemiological characteristics of Salmonella strains isolated recently in Korea. J Korean Soc Microbiol. 1999. 34:595–8.
11.Lee K., Yong D., Yum JH., Kim HH., Chong Y. Diversity of TEM-52 extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing non-typhoidal Salmonella isolates in Korea. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2003. 52:493–6.
12.Yong D., Lim YS., Yum JH., Lee H., Lee K., Kim EC, et al. Nosocomial outbreak of pediatric gastroenteritis caused by CTX-M-14-type extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing strains of Salmonella enterica serovar London. J Clin Microbiol. 2005. 43:3519–21.
13.Weill FX., Perrier-Gros-Claude JD., Demartin M., Coignard S., Grimont PAD. Characterization of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (CTX-M-15)-producing strains of Salmonella enterica isolated in France and Senegal. FEMS Microbiol Lett. 2004. 238:353–8.
14.Di Conza J., Ayala JA., Power P., Mollerach M., Gutkind G. Novel class 1 integron (InS21) carrying blaCTX-M-2 in Salmonella enterica serovar Infantis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2000. 46:2257–61.
15.Touati A., Benallaoua S., Gharout A., Amar AA., Le Magrex Debar E., Brasme L, et al. First report of CTX-M-15 in Salmonella enterica serotype Kedougou recovered from an Algerian hospital. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2008. 27:479–80.
16.Karim A., Poirel L., Nagarajan S., Nordmann P. Plasmid-mediated extended-spectrum β-lactamase (CTX-M-3 like) from India and gene association with insertion sequence ISEcp1. FEMS Microbiol Lett. 2001. 201:237–41.
17.Usha G., Chunderika M., Prashini M., Willem SA., Yusuf ES. Characterization of extended-spectrum β-lactamases in Salmonella spp. at a tertiary hospital in Durban, South Africa. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2008. 62:86–91.
18.Tzouvelekis LS., Tzelepi E., Tassios PT., Legakis NJ. CTX-M-type β-lactamases: an emerging group of extended-spectrum enzymes. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2000. 14:137–42.
19.Baraniak A., Fiett J., Hryniewicz W., Nordmann P., Gniadkowski M. Ceftazidime-hydrolysing CTX-M-15 extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) in Poland. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2002. 50:393–6.