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Whang, Yang, and Hong: Allele and Haplotype Frequencies of Human Leukocyte Antigen-A, -B, and -DR Loci in Koreans: DNA Typing of 1,500 Cord Blood Units
Original Article

Korean J Leg Med 2008;28(6):465-474.

Published online: 14 February 2008

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3343/kjlm.2008.28.6.465

Allele and Haplotype Frequencies of Human Leukocyte Antigen-A, -B, and -DR Loci in Koreans: DNA Typing of 1,500 Cord Blood Units

Dong Hee Whang, M.D.1, , Yun Sun Yang, M.D.2, Hye Kyung Hong2

1Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea

2Biomedical Research Institute, MEDIPOST Co., Ltd, Seoul, Korea

Corresponding author: Dong Hee Whang, M.D. Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, 85 Jeodong 2-ga, Jung-gu, Seoul 100-032, Korea Tel: +82-2-2270-0152, Fax: +82-2-2270-0575 E-mail: dhwhang@lycos.co.kr

Received 11 June 200830 September 2008       Accepted 30 September 2008

Copyright © 2008 by the Korean Society for Legal Medicine

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Background

The HLA system is known to be the most polymorphic genetic system in human, and HLA allele and haplotype distribution varies widely among different ethnic groups. This study was performed to examine the frequencies of HLA alleles and haplotypes in Koreans.

Methods

We examined HLA-A, -B, and -DR alleles at the serologic level in 1,500 cord blood units obtained from Koreans using the PCR-sequence specific oligonucleotide (SSO) method. Allele and haplotype frequencies were estimated by the maximum likelihood method using the computer program developed for the 11th International Histocompatibility Workshop.

Results

HLA alleles found in Koreans were 12 in A, 31 in B, and 13 in DR loci. Most frequent alleles with frequencies ≥10% in each locus in decreasing order of frequency were: A2, A24, A33, A11; B62; DR4, DR15, DR9, and DR13. Two-locus haplotypes with frequencies ≥0.1% were 104 A-B and 115 B-DR haplotypes, among which those with frequencies ≥1.0% showing significant positive linkage disequilibrium (P≤0.001) were 21 A-B and 20 B-DR haplotypes. A total of 169 A-B-DR haplotypes with frequencies ≥0.1% were identified. The results were similar to those of a previous study in 1,600 Koreans, although some differences were noted in the distribution of some less frequent alleles or haplotypes with frequencies ≤0.5%.

Conclusions

We provided the allele and haplotype frequencies of HLA-A, -B, and -DR in cord blood units of Korean ethnicity defined by a DNA typing method, which can be used as basic data on Koreans for organ transplantation and disease association studies.

Keywords: HLA-A, -B, -DR, HLA, Haplotypes, Korean, Cord blood

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Table 1.
Phenotype and allele frequencies of HLA-A, -B, and -DR loci in Koreans defined by DNA typing method (N=1,500)
HLA-A PF AF HLA-B PF AF HLA-DRB1 PF AF
A1 3.3 1.7 B7 8.4 4.3 DR1 12.3 6.3
A2 49.3 29.0 B8 0.3 0.2 DR3 4.1 2.1
A3 3.8 1.9 B13 10.1 5.1 DR4 35.7 19.9
A11 21.9 11.5 B14 2.7 1.4 DR7 12.3 6.4
A24 39.3 22.4 B27 6.3 3.2 DR8 17.9 9.3
A26 13.5 7.1 B35 12.2 6.3 DR9 19.9 10.5
A29 0.9 0.5 B37 2.9 1.5 DR10 3.1 1.6
A30 9.3 4.8 B38 2.1 1.0 DR11 8.3 4.3
A31 11.1 5.8 B39 3.3 1.6 DR12 15.4 7.9
A32 1.4 0.7 B40 0.1 0.1 DR13 19.4 10.2
A33 27.1 14.5 B44 17.1 9.0 DR14 14.7 7.7
A68 0.3 0.2 B46 8.5 4.4 DR15 22.5 12.0
ABL   0.0 B47 0.2 0.1 DR16 2.7 1.3
      B48 6.4 3.2 DRBL   0.5
      B50 0.2 0.1      
      B51 18.5 9.6      
      B52 5.6 2.9      
      B54 12.0 6.3      
      B55 3.8 1.9      
      B56 0.7 0.3      
      B57 0.5 0.2      
      B58 12.1 6.3      
      B59 3.4 1.7      
      B60 8.0 4.1      
      B61 18.1 9.5      
      B62 19.1 10.1      
      B63 0.1 0.0∗      
      B67 2.4 1.2      
      B71 2.7 1.4      
      B75 5.6 2.8      
      B81 0.1 0.0∗      
      BBL   0.1      

∗ , AF=0.03%.

Abbreviations: PF, phenotype frequency; AF, allele frequency; ABL, A-blank; BBL, B-blank; DRBL, DR-blank.

Table 2.
HLA A-B haplotype distribution in Koreans (N=1,500; haplotype frequency >0.1%)
A-B haplotype∗   HF (%) LD RLD chi-square∗ A-B haplotype∗   HF (%) LD RLD chi-square∗
A1 B37 1.1 1.0 0.71 1339.5 A24 B38 0.1 -0.1 -0.39 1.4
A1 B51 0.2 0.0 0.02 0.2 A24 B39 0.3 -0.1 -0.16 0.4
A2 B7 0.4 -0.9 -0.69 26.2 A24 B44 0.5 -1.6 -0.77 50.8
A2 B13 1.3 -0.2 -0.14 1.4 A24 B46 0.6 -0.4 -0.43 7.4
A2 B27 1.6 0.7 0.30 21.3 A24 B48 0.8 0.1 0.03 0.4
A2 B35 2.4 0.6 0.13 8.5 A24 B51 3.0 0.9 0.12 14.6
A2 B37 0.2 -0.2 -0.48 4.3 A24 B52 2.2 1.5 0.69 144.3
A2 B38 0.6 0.3 0.47 17.2 A24 B54 2.1 0.7 0.15 15.7
A2 B39 0.7 0.3 0.22 6.0 A24 B55 0.4 0.0 -0.02 0.0
A2 B44 0.3 -2.3 -0.89 96.5 A24 B59 1.3 0.9 0.64 76.0
A2 B46 3.1 1.8 0.59 116.8 A24 B60 1.4 0.5 0.16 11.4
A2 B48 1.7 0.7 0.32 24.9 A24 B61 2.5 0.3 0.05 2.3
A2 B51 2.6 -0.2 -0.08 0.8 A24 B62 2.3 0.0 0.00 0.0
A2 B52 0.3 -0.6 -0.68 16.5 A24 B71 0.3 0.0 0.03 0.2
A2 B54 2.5 0.7 0.15 11.6 A26 B27 0.2 -0.1 -0.26 0.5
A2 B55 0.5 -0.1 -0.13 0.4 A26 B35 0.9 0.5 0.08 16.0
A2 B58 0.3 -1.6 -0.85 59.2 A26 B38 0.1 0.1 0.07 2.2
A2 B59 0.5 0.0 -0.04 0.0 A26 B51 0.3 -0.3 -0.49 5.8
A2 B60 1.6 0.4 0.13 5.2 A26 B54 0.5 0.0 0.01 0.1
A2 B61 2.8 0.0 0.00 0.0 A26 B55 0.2 0.0 0.03 0.6
A2 B62 2.2 -0.7 -0.24 7.8 A26 B56 0.2 0.2 0.68 60.5
A2 B67 0.6 0.2 0.28 7.0 A26 B58 0.2 -0.3 -0.58 5.1
A2 B71 0.8 0.4 0.38 14.5 A26 B60 0.3 0.0 -0.05 0.0
A2 B75 1.8 1.0 0.51 54.8 A26 B61 2.0 1.3 0.20 88.2
A2 BBL 0.2 0.1 1.99 30.3 A26 B62 1.6 0.9 0.13 36.9
A3 B7 0.1 0.1 0.03 1.4 A26 B75 0.2 0.0 0.01 0.2
A3 B8 0.2 0.2 1.00 258.6 A29 B7 0.4 0.4 0.91 257.6
A3 B27 0.3 0.2 0.13 28.0 A30 B13 2.9 2.6 0.58 925.5
A3 B35 0.3 0.2 0.09 6.6 A30 B14 1.2 1.2 0.89 654.9
A3 B44 0.8 0.6 0.36 73.8 A30 B61 0.2 -0.3 -0.65 6.7
A11 B7 0.3 -0.2 -0.45 3.5 A31 B7 0.1 -0.1 -0.44 1.6
A11 B13 0.4 -0.2 -0.34 2.5 A31 B27 0.3 0.1 0.04 2.1
A11 B27 0.4 0.1 0.02 0.5 A31 B35 0.7 0.3 0.06 8.4
A11 B35 0.7 0.0 0.00 0.0 A31 B46 0.2 -0.1 -0.39 1.3
A11 B39 0.4 0.2 0.15 9.1 A31 B48 0.2 0.0 0.01 0.1
A11 B44 0.2 -0.9 -0.82 26.2 A31 B51 1.9 1.4 0.26 117.1
A11 B46 0.3 -0.2 -0.48 4.1 A31 B55 0.3 0.2 0.09 7.8
A11 B48 0.3 -0.1 -0.15 0.3 A31 B60 0.2 -0.1 -0.28 0.6
A11 B51 1.0 -0.1 -0.07 0.2 A31 B61 1.1 0.5 0.10 18.7
A11 B52 0.2 -0.1 -0.34 1.4 A31 B62 0.4 -0.2 -0.36 2.6
A11 B54 1.0 0.3 0.05 4.0 A31 B71 0.1 0.1 0.04 1.3
A11 B55 0.3 0.1 0.07 2.0 A32 B44 0.4 0.4 0.55 65.6
A11 B58 0.3 -0.5 -0.65 11.2 A33 B7 0.2 -0.4 -0.69 10.8
A11 B60 0.7 0.2 0.05 2.7 A33 B13 0.1 -0.6 -0.80 17.6
A11 B61 0.6 -0.5 -0.42 7.4 A33 B27 0.1 -0.3 -0.69 8.1
A11 B62 3.3 2.1 0.23 143.0 A33 B35 0.1 -0.8 -0.85 24.3
A11 B67 0.4 0.2 0.22 14.0 A33 B44 6.6 5.3 0.69 825.4
A11 B75 0.6 0.3 0.11 8.2 A33 B46 0.2 -0.5 -0.71 12.0
A24 B7 2.7 1.8 0.53 132.8 A33 B48 0.2 -0.3 -0.60 6.0
A24 B13 0.4 -0.8 -0.67 20.9 A33 B51 0.5 -0.9 -0.64 22.5
A24 B27 0.2 -0.5 -0.76 16.7 A33 B58 5.5 4.6 0.85 856.4
A24 B35 1.0 -0.4 -0.28 4.5 A33 B61 0.4 -1.0 -0.72 28.0

∗ bold: haplotypes showing strong positive linkage disequilibrium (chi-square ≥10.8; P≤0.001).

Abbreviations: HF, haplotype frequency; LD, linkage disequilibrium; RLD, relative linkage disequilibrium.

Table 3.
HLA B-DR haplotype distribution in Koreans (N=1,500; haplotype frequency >0.1%)
B-DR haplotype∗ HF (%) LD RLD chi-square∗ B-DR haplotype∗ HF (%) LD RLD chi-square∗
B7 DR1 3.4 3.1 0.78 1,196.0 B52 DR15 2.4 2.1 0.83 443.9
B7 DR8 0.3 -0.1 -0.17 0.4 B54 DR4 2.8 1.5 0.31 76.6
B7 DR15 0.2 -0.3 -0.62 7.2 B54 DR8 0.6 0.1 0.01 0.2
B13 DR4 0.3 -0.7 -0.72 21.2 B54 DR12 0.3 -0.2 -0.32 1.8
B13 DR7 2.4 2.1 0.44 456.3 B54 DR14 0.6 0.1 0.02 1.2
B13 DR12 1.7 1.3 0.27 139.2 B54 DR15 1.4 0.6 0.11 17.6
B13 DR13 0.3 -0.2 -0.33 2.1 B55 DR4 0.5 0.1 0.05 0.7
B14 DR4 0.8 0.5 0.47 36.2 B55 DR8 0.2 0.0 -0.13 0.1
B14 DR8 0.4 0.3 0.22 19.6 B55 DR9 0.3 0.1 0.04 0.9
B27 DR1 1.8 1.6 0.55 439.4 B55 DR11 0.2 0.1 0.08 8.6
B27 DR4 0.3 -0.3 -0.47 5.5 B55 DR12 0.2 0.1 0.03 0.7
B27 DR8 0.2 -0.1 -0.48 2.4 B55 DR14 0.4 0.2 0.12 10.3
B27 DR9 0.2 -0.1 -0.40 1.9 B56 DR11 0.2 0.2 0.48 50.6
B27 DR12 0.2 -0.1 -0.26 0.6 B57 DR7 0.2 0.2 0.81 67.3
B27 DR15 0.3 -0.1 -0.29 1.2 B58 DR3 1.9 1.8 0.89 762.8
B35 DR1 0.1 -0.3 -0.65 5.7 B58 DR4 0.3 -1.0 -0.80 32.1
B35 DR4 1.6 0.3 0.07 3.5 B58 DR8 0.2 -0.4 -0.69 10.0
B35 DR7 0.5 0.1 0.01 0.3 B58 DR13 3.5 2.8 0.50 444.2
B35 DR8 0.6 -0.0 -0.01 0.0 B58 DR14 0.2 -0.3 -0.64 7.0
B35 DR9 0.4 -0.2 -0.34 2.6 B59 DR4 1.4 1.1 0.78 129.8
B35 DR11 0.5 0.2 0.05 6.0 B60 DR4 0.8 0.0 0.00 0.0
B35 DR12 0.5 0.0 0.01 0.1 B60 DR7 0.2 -0.1 -0.42 1.6
B35 DR14 0.9 0.4 0.07 12.1 B60 DR8 0.5 0.1 0.03 1.0
B35 DR15 1.0 0.3 0.05 3.0 B60 DR9 0.7 0.2 0.06 4.5
B37 DR10 1.2 1.2 0.80 1,796.5 B60 DR11 0.4 0.3 0.07 12.8
B38 DR8 0.3 0.2 0.18 9.9 B60 DR12 0.4 0.1 0.02 0.7
B38 DR15 0.6 0.4 0.48 51.6 B60 DR14 0.2 -0.1 -0.31 1.0
B39 DR8 0.7 0.6 0.40 76.8 B60 DR15 0.8 0.3 0.09 7.6
B39 DR9 0.2 0.1 0.05 1.0 B61 DR1 0.2 -0.4 -0.62 8.2
B39 DR11 0.1 0.1 0.05 2.9 B61 DR4 1.4 -0.5 -0.28 6.3
B39 DR14 0.1 0.0 0.01 0.1 B61 DR8 1.1 0.2 0.02 1.4
B44 DR4 0.5 -1.3 -0.71 37.6 B61 DR9 3.1 2.2 0.25 172.5
B44 DR7 2.6 2.0 0.35 246.1 B61 DR11 0.3 -0.1 -0.33 1.6
B44 DR11 0.2 -0.2 -0.55 4.0 B61 DR12 0.8 0.1 0.01 0.2
B44 DR12 0.2 -0.5 -0.77 15.1 B61 DR14 1.5 0.8 0.11 31.1
B44 DR13 5.0 4.1 0.50 667.3 B61 DR15 0.8 -0.4 -0.34 5.0
B44 DR14 0.2 -0.5 -0.71 12.5 B61 DRBL 0.2 0.1 0.27 9.8
B46 DR4 0.4 -0.5 -0.55 10.5 B62 DR4 4.9 2.9 0.36 171.9
B46 DR8 2.3 1.9 0.48 314.6 B62 DR8 0.5 -0.4 -0.44 6.8
B46 DR9 1.1 0.6 0.16 28.7 B62 DR9 0.8 -0.3 -0.25 2.4
B46 DR12 0.2 -0.2 -0.55 3.6 B62 DR11 0.8 0.3 0.09 8.7
B46 DR14 0.1 -0.2 -0.57 3.8 B62 DR12 0.7 -0.1 -0.12 0.4
B48 DR4 0.5 -0.1 -0.16 0.6 B62 DR13 0.2 -0.8 -0.80 24.2
B48 DR9 0.4 0.0 0.01 0.2 B62 DR14 0.7 -0.1 -0.14 0.6
B48 DR11 0.5 0.3 0.10 23.2 B62 DR15 1.4 0.2 0.02 0.8
B48 DR12 0.4 0.1 0.05 2.5 B67 DR4 0.2 0.0 0.01 0.0
B48 DR14 0.7 0.5 0.15 28.2 B67 DR12 0.2 0.1 0.12 5.7
B48 DR15 0.6 0.2 0.08 4.4 B67 DR16 0.6 0.5 0.46 577.4
B51 DRBL 0.2 0.1 0.27 9.2 B71 DR4 0.6 0.3 0.32 16.9
B51 DR4 1.9 0.0 0.00 0.0 B71 DR14 0.2 0.1 0.05 1.0
B51 DR8 0.9 0.1 0.01 0.1 B71 DR15 0.3 0.1 0.09 2.4
B51 DR9 2.0 1.0 0.12 39.1 B75 DR1 0.3 0.1 0.03 1.5
B51 DR11 0.5 0.1 0.03 0.8 B75 DR4 0.3 -0.3 -0.48 4.9
B51 DR12 1.1 0.3 0.04 4.7 B75 DR8 0.2 0.0 -0.14 0.2
B51 DR13 0.4 -0.5 -0.56 11.3 B75 DR9 0.4 0.1 0.05 1.9
B51 DR14 1.4 0.7 0.09 21.2 B75 DR12 0.6 0.4 0.15 23.7
B51 DR15 0.6 -0.6 -0.50 10.7 B75 DR15 0.8 0.4 0.18 19.7
B51 DR16 0.4 0.3 0.22 17.9            

∗ bold: haplotypes showing strong positive linkage disequilibrium (chi-square ≥10.8; P≤0.001).

Abbreviations: See Table 2.

Table 4.
HLA A-B-DR haplotype distribution in Koreans (N=1,500; haplotype frequency ≥0.1%)
A-B-DR haplotype∗ HF LD A-B-DR haplotype∗ HF LD A-B-DR haplotype∗ HF LD
A1 B37 DR10 0.8 0.8 A2 B67 DR4 0.2 0.2 A24 B61 DR4 0.2 -0.2
A2 B7 DR1 0.3 0.2 A2 B71 DR4 0.4 0.3 A24 B61 DR8 0.3 0.1
A2 B13 DR12 1.0 0.9 A2 B75 DR1 0.2 0.2 A24 B61 DR9 1.3 1.1
A2 B27 DR1 1.4 1.3 A2 B75 DR9 0.3 0.3 A24 B61 DR11 0.2 0.1
A2 B27 DR15 0.2 0.1 A2 B75 DR12 0.3 0.2 A24 B61 DR14 0.2 0.0
A2 B35 DR4 0.7 0.4 A2 B75 DR15 0.5 0.4 A24 B62 DR4 1.4 1.0
A2 B35 DR9 0.2 0.0 A3 B35 DR7 0.2 0.2 A24 B62 DR8 0.2 0.0
A2 B35 DR11 0.4 0.3 A3 B44 DR13 0.7 0.7 A24 B62 DR9 0.2 -0.1
A2 B35 DR12 0.3 0.1 A11 B7 DR1 0.3 0.2 A24 B62 DR11 0.1 0.1
A2 B35 DR14 0.5 0.3 A11 B13 DR12 0.2 0.2 A24 B62 DR15 0.2 -0.1
A2 B35 DR15 0.4 0.2 A11 B35 DR4 0.3 0.1 A24 B71 DRBL 0.2 0.2
A2 B37 DR10 0.2 0.2 A11 B35 DR7 0.1 0.1 A26 B27 DR1 0.2 0.1
A2 B38 DR15 0.4 0.4 A11 B39 DR8 0.2 0.2 A26 B35 DR4 0.2 0.1
A2 B39 DR8 0.3 0.3 A11 B44 DR13 0.2 0.1 A26 B35 DR14 0.2 0.2
A2 B39 DR11 0.1 0.1 A11 B46 DR9 0.1 0.1 A26 B35 DR15 0.2 0.2
A2 B39 DR15 0.2 0.1 A11 B51 DR4 0.4 0.1 A26 B54 DR4 0.2 0.1
A2 B46 DR4 0.3 0.0 A11 B51 DR9 0.2 0.1 A26 B54 DR14 0.1 0.1
A2 B46 DR8 1.6 1.4 A11 B51 DR11 0.2 0.1 A26 B60 DR4 0.2 0.1
A2 B46 DR9 0.8 0.7 A11 B54 DR4 0.6 0.4 A26 B61 DR1 0.2 0.1
A2 B46 DR15 0.1 0.0 A11 B55 DR4 0.3 0.3 A26 B61 DR4 0.2 0.1
A2 B48 DR4 0.2 0.0 A11 B58 DR3 0.2 0.1 A26 B61 DR8 0.2 0.1
A2 B48 DR9 0.2 0.1 A11 B60 DR11 0.2 0.2 A26 B61 DR9 0.7 0.6
A2 B48 DR11 0.4 0.4 A11 B60 DR15 0.3 0.3 A26 B61 DR14 0.2 0.2
A2 B48 DR12 0.2 0.1 A11 B61 DR4 0.2 0.0 A26 B61 DR15 0.2 0.1
A2 B48 DR14 0.2 0.1 A11 B61 DR9 0.1 0.0 A26 B62 DR9 0.2 0.1
A2 B48 DR15 0.3 0.2 A11 B61 DR15 0.2 0.1 A26 B62 DR14 0.4 0.4
A2 B51 DR4 0.4 -0.2 A11 B62 DR4 2.1 1.9 A26 B62 DR15 0.4 0.3
A2 B51 DR8 0.4 0.1 A11 B62 DR8 0.2 0.1 A29 B07 DR8 0.3 0.3
A2 B51 DR9 0.8 0.5 A11 B62 DR9 0.4 0.3 A30 B13 DR4 0.2 0.2
A2 B51 DR12 0.3 0.0 A11 B62 DR11 0.2 0.2 A30 B13 DR7 2.2 2.2
A2 B51 DR14 0.3 0.1 A11 B62 DR12 0.2 0.1 A30 B13 DR13 0.3 0.2
A2 B51 DR15 0.4 0.0 A11 B62 DR15 0.2 0.0 A30 B14 DR4 0.7 0.6
A2 B52 DR15 0.2 0.1 A11 B67 DR16 0.3 0.3 A30 B14 DR8 0.3 0.3
A2 B54 DR4 0.6 0.2 A11 B75 DR12 0.4 0.4 A31 B35 DR8 0.2 0.2
A2 B54 DR8 0.3 0.2 A24 B7 DR1 2.7 2.6 A31 B35 DR15 0.2 0.2
A2 B54 DR12 0.2 0.0 A24 B13 DR12 0.2 0.1 A31 B51 DR4 0.4 0.3
A2 B54 DR14 0.2 0.1 A24 B35 DR4 0.4 0.1 A31 B51 DR8 0.5 0.4
A2 B54 DR15 1.0 0.8 A24 B39 DR8 0.2 0.1 A31 B51 DR12 0.2 0.2
A2 B55 DR14 0.2 0.2 A24 B44 DR7 0.2 0.1 A31 B51 DR14 0.2 0.2
A2 B58 DR13 0.2 0.0 A24 B44 DR13 0.3 0.1 A31 B55 DR9 0.2 0.2
A2 B59 DR4 0.4 0.3 A24 B46 DR8 0.4 0.3 A31 B61 DR4 0.4 0.2
A2 B60 DR4 0.3 0.1 A24 B48 DR4 0.2 0.1 A31 B61 DR9 0.1 0.1
A2 B60 DR8 0.3 0.2 A24 B48 DR14 0.2 0.1 A31 B61 DR14 0.2 0.2
A2 B60 DR9 0.2 0.1 A24 B51 DR4 0.7 0.3 A31 B62 DR4 0.2 0.1
A2 B60 DR12 0.2 0.1 A24 B51 DR9 0.9 0.7 A32 B44 DR4 0.3 0.3
A2 B60 DR15 0.2 0.1 A24 B51 DR12 0.4 0.2 A33 B44 DR1 0.1 0.1
A2 B61 DR4 0.4 -0.1 A24 B51 DR14 0.6 0.4 A33 B44 DR4 0.1 -0.1
A2 B61 DR8 0.4 0.1 A24 B51 DR15 0.2 -0.1 A33 B44 DR7 2.1 2.1
A2 B61 DR9 0.5 0.3 A24 B52 DR15 2.0 1.9 A33 B44 DR13 3.7 3.6
A2 B61 DR12 0.4 0.2 A24 B54 DR4 1.5 1.2 A33 B44 DR14 0.2 0.1
A2 B61 DR14 0.7 0.4 A24 B54 DR11 0.2 0.1 A33 B46 DR8 0.2 0.1
A2 B61 DR15 0.2 -0.2 A24 B54 DR15 0.3 0.1 A33 B51 DR13 0.3 0.2
A2 B62 DR4 1.0 0.4 A24 B59 DR4 1.0 0.9 A33 B58 DR3 1.5 1.5
A2 B62 DR11 0.2 0.1 A24 B60 DR4 0.2 0.0 A33 B58 DR4 0.2 0.0
A2 B62 DR12 0.2 0.0 A24 B60 DR9 0.5 0.4 A33 B58 DR13 3.2 3.1
A2 B62 DR14 0.2 0.0 A24 B60 DR15 0.3 0.2 A33 B58 DR15 0.2 0.1
A2 B62 DR15 0.3 0.0                    

∗ bold: haplotypes showing frequency ≥1.0%.

Abbreviations: See Table 2.

Table 5.
HLA A-B, B-DR, and A-B-DR haplotypes commonly found in Koreans (N=1,500)
A-B haplotype∗ HF (%) LD (%) chi-square B-DR haplotype∗ HF (%) LD (%) chi-square A-B-DR haplotype∗ HF (%) LD (%)
A33 B44 6.6 5.3 825.4 B44 DR13 5.0 4.1 667.3 A33 B44 DR13 3.7 3.6
A33 B58 5.5 4.6 856.4 B62 DR4 4.9 2.9 171.9 A33 B58 DR13 3.2 3.1
A11 B62 3.3 2.1 143.0 B58 DR13 3.5 2.8 444.2 A24 B7 DR1 2.7 2.6
A2 B46 3.1 1.8 116.8 B7 DR1 3.4 3.1 1,196.0 A30 B13 DR7 2.2 2.2
A24 B51 3.0 0.9 14.6 B61 DR9 3.1 2.2 172.5 A11 B62 DR4 2.1 1.9
A30 B13 2.9 2.6 925.5 B54 DR4 2.8 1.5 76.6 A33 B44 DR7 2.1 2.1
A2 B61 2.8 0.0 0.0 B44 DR7 2.6 2.0 246.1 A24 B52 DR15 2.0 1.9
A24 B7 2.7 1.8 132.8 B13 DR7 2.4 2.1 456.3 A2 B46 DR8 1.6 1.4
A2 B51 2.6 -0.2 0.8 B52 DR15 2.4 2.1 443.9 A24 B54 DR4 1.5 1.2
A2 B54 2.5 0.7 11.6 B46 DR8 2.3 1.9 314.6 A33 B58 DR3 1.5 1.5
A24 B61 2.5 0.3 2.3 B51 DR9 2.0 1.0 39.1 A2 B27 DR1 1.4 1.3
A2 B35 2.4 0.6 8.5 B51 DR4 1.9 0.0 0.0 A24 B62 DR4 1.4 1.0
A24 B62 2.3 0.0 0.0 B58 DR3 1.9 1.8 762.8 A24 B61 DR9 1.3 1.1
A2 B62 2.2 -0.7 7.8 B27 DR1 1.8 1.6 439.4 A2 B13 DR12 1.0 0.9
A24 B52 2.2 1.5 144.3 B13 DR12 1.7 1.3 139.2 A2 B54 DR15 1.0 0.8
A24 B54 2.1 0.7 15.7 B35 DR4 1.6 0.3 3.5 A2 B62 DR4 1.0 0.4
A26 B61 2.0 1.3 88.2 B61 DR14 1.5 0.8 31.1 A24 B59 DR4 1.0 0.9
A31 B51 1.9 1.4 117.1 B51 DR14 1.4 0.7 21.2 A24 B51 DR9 0.9 0.7
A2 B75 1.8 1.0 54.8 B54 DR15 1.4 0.6 17.6 A1 B37 DR10 0.8 0.8
A2 B48 1.7 0.7 24.9 B59 DR4 1.4 1.1 129.8 A2 B46 DR9 0.8 0.7
A2 B27 1.6 0.7 21.3 B61 DR4 1.4 -0.5 6.3 A2 B51 DR9 0.8 0.5
A2 B60 1.6 0.4 5.2 B62 DR15 1.4 0.2 0.8 A2 B35 DR4 0.7 0.4
A26 B62 1.6 0.9 36.9 B37 DR10 1.2 1.2 1,796.5 A2 B61 DR14 0.7 0.4
A24 B60 1.4 0.5 11.4 B46 DR9 1.1 0.6 28.7 A3 B44 DR13 0.7 0.7
A2 B13 1.3 -0.2 1.4 B51 DR12 1.1 0.3 4.7 A24 B51 DR4 0.7 0.3
A24 B59 1.3 0.9 76.0 B61 DR8 1.1 0.2 1.4 A26 B61 DR9 0.7 0.6
A30 B14 1.2 1.2 654.9 B35 DR15 1.0 0.3 3.0 A30 B14 DR4 0.7 0.6
A1 B37 1.1 1.0 1,339.5           A2 B54 DR4 0.6 0.2
A31 B61 1.1 0.5 18.7           A11 B54 DR4 0.6 0.4
A11 B51 1.0 -0.1 0.2           A24 B51 DR14 0.6 0.4
A11 B54 1.0 0.3 4.0           A2 B35 DR14 0.5 0.3
A24 B35 1.0 -0.4 4.5           A2 B61 DR9 0.5 0.3
                    A2 B75 DR15 0.5 0.4
                    A24 B60 DR9 0.5 0.4
                    A31 B51 DR8 0.5 0.4

∗ Two locus haplotypes with frequency ≥1.0% and three-locus haplotype with frequency ≥0.5% are listed.

Abbreviations: See Table 2.

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