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Kim, Kim, Lee, Kye, Lee, Lee, Kang, Kim, and Oh: Clinicopathologic Characteristics of Anal Cancer
Original Article
Journal of the Korean Surgical Society

Journal of the Korean Surgical Society 2010; 78(4): 219-224.

Published online: 13 April 2010

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4174/jkss.2010.78.4.219

Clinicopathologic Characteristics of Anal Cancer

Soo Hong Kim, M.D., Hyung Jin Kim, M.D., Jae Im Lee, M.D., Bong Hyeon Kye, M.D., In Kyu Lee, M.D., Yoon Suk Lee, M.D., Won Kyung Kang, M.D., Jun Gi Kim, M.D., Seong Taek Oh, M.D.

Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.

Corresponding author (stoh@catholic.ac.kr)

Received 11 November 2009       Accepted 28 December 2009

Copyright © 2010 The Korean Surgical Society

Abstract

Purpose

This study was performed to evaluate clinicopathologic features in anal canal carcinoma.

Methods

Among the 43 patients who were diagnosed with anal cancer at Kangnam St. Mary's Hospital, from June 1990 to June 2008, 31 patients were analyzed retrospectively. Concurrent chemoradiotherapy was performed on twenty-one patients with anal cancer. Chemotherapy with 5-FU/mitomycin and radiotherapy were started at the same time. An external beam radiation dose to the primary lesion and pelvis was modified from 4,500 to 6,000 cGy.

Results

Among the 31 patients with anal cancer, the dominant histologic type was squamous cell carcinoma (n=25), followed by adenocarcinoma (n=6). Twenty-nine (93.5%) of these cancers were located in the anal canal and 2 (6.5%) in the anal margin. Among the 25 patients with squamous cell carcinoma, 20 cases were treated by concurrent chemoradiotherapy. The 5-year survival rate among squamous cell carcinoma cases was 83.3% for the concurrent chemoradiation group and 50.0% for the no concurrent chemoradiation group, which was statistically significant (P=0.05). Among the squamous cell carcinoma patients, there was no significant difference in survival rates between concurrent chemoradiation group (n=17) and concurrent chemoradiation with surgical resection group (n=8) (87.5% vs 68.8%; P=0.596).

Conclusion

In the squamous cell carcinoma treatment, concurrent chemoradiation therapy can offer better outcomes.

Keywords: Anal cancer, Concurrent chemoradiation therapy

Figures and Tables

Fig. 1
Cumulative survival rate according to treatment methods in squamous cell carcinoma (P=0.05). *CCRT = concurrent chemoradiotherapy; †No CCRT = operation or palliative therapy.
jkss-78-219-g001
Table 1
Clinical symptoms
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Table 2
Site and histologic type of anal cancer
jkss-78-219-i002
Table 3
Treatment of anal cancer
jkss-78-219-i003

*CCRT = concurrent chemoradiotherapy; †APR = abdomino-perineal resection; ‡Palliative = chemotherapy, radiotherapy, colostomy.

Table 4
Recurrence after treatment
jkss-78-219-i004

*F = female; †SCC = squamous cell carcinoma; ‡CCRT = concurrent chemoradiotherapy; §APR = abdomino perineal resection; ∥M = male; TLE = trans anal local excision; **CTx = chemotherapy; ††RTx = radiotherapy.

Table 5
Univariate analysis for risk factors
jkss-78-219-i005
Table 6
Multivariate analysis for risk factors
jkss-78-219-i006

*OR = odds ratio; †95% CI = 95% confidence interval.

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