Journal List > J Korean Surg Soc > v.77(6) > 1011043

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Lee, Jang, Sun, Park, and Choi: Left Iliac Vein Compressions and Venous Hemodynamic Changes
Original Article
Journal of the Korean Surgical Society

Journal of the Korean Surgical Society 2009; 77(6): 404-409.

Published online: 4 December 2009

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4174/jkss.2009.77.6.404

Left Iliac Vein Compressions and Venous Hemodynamic Changes

Chung-Heon Lee, M.D., Lee-Chan Jang, M.D., Woo-Young Sun, M.D., Jin-Woo Park, M.D., Jae-Woon Choi, M.D.

Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea.

Corresponding author (icjang@chungbuk.ac.kr)

Received 18 July 2009       Accepted 22 September 2009

Copyright © 2009 The Korean Surgical Society

Abstract

Purpose

Left iliac vein compression is a risk factor for deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and often can be symptomatic. We wanted to know the incidence of left iliac vein compressions in the general population and the relationship between iliac vein compression and outflow fraction of the lower extremities.

Methods

1,523 cases examined with abdomen - pelvis CT were included in this study. Left iliac vein compression was calculated as the diameter of left common iliac vein at the site of maximal compression divided by the diameter of the uncompressed caudal common iliac vein. These cases were divided into 4 groups by the degree of iliac vein compression. In addition, left lower extremity venous outflow fractions in 106 patients with abdomen - pelvis CT images were recorded and analyzed.

Results

The number and mean age of each group (group 1, 2, 3 and 4) were 351 (23%) & 62.3±13.4, 426 (28%) & 57.7±16.1, 529 (35%) & 50.1±20.4 and 217 (14%) & 40.7±22.9, respectively. While the age of patients was decreasing, the occurrence of left iliac vein compression increased (P<0.01). The mean left low extremity venous outflow fractions of each group (group 1, 2, 3 and 4) was 27.9±6.9%, 26.9±6.4%, 25.9±6.7% and 19.1±6.6%, respectively. The mean outflow fraction of group 4 was significantly lower than that of other groups (P<0.01). There was a tendency that the more left iliac vein compression increased, the more outflow fraction decreased (P=0.011).

Conclusion

In 14% of 1,523 cases, there were severe left iliac vein compressions, more than 75% diameter, and the mean outflow fraction of that was lower than in others. Further study is needed to realize the relationship between left iliac vein compression and DVT.

Keywords: Left iliac vein compression, Abdomen-pelvis CT, Outflow fraction

Figures and Tables

Fig. 1
Example of outflow fraction. MVO = maximum venous outflow per 1 second, equal to V1; SVC = systemic venous capacitance, equal to V; Ratio = equal to outflow fraction.
jkss-77-404-g001
Fig. 2
Axial images of left iliac vein compression in abdomen-pelvis CT.
jkss-77-404-g002
Fig. 3
Correlation of age and Lt. iliac vein compression. Pearson's correlation is -0.363 between age and iliac vein compression (P<0.01) (R2=-0.1318).
jkss-77-404-g003
Fig. 4
The mean outflow fraction of group 4 was significantly lower than that of other groups (P<0.01).
jkss-77-404-g004
Fig. 5
Correlation of outflow fraction and Lt. iliac vein compression. Pearson's correlation is -0.246 between outflow fraction and compression rate (P=0.011) (R2=-0.0607).
jkss-77-404-g005
Table 1
Mean age and mean compression of left iliac vein
jkss-77-404-i001
Table 2
Mean compression of Lt. iliac vein between male and female group
jkss-77-404-i002
Table 3
Mean outflow fractions of each group
jkss-77-404-i003

*Mean outflow fraction of group 4 is significantly lower than other groups.

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