A Longitudinal Change of Spherical Equivalent in Anisometropic Children

Jae Hyuk Kim; Sang Hoon Rah

doi:10.3341/jkos.2018.59.5.459

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Kim and Rah: A Longitudinal Change of Spherical Equivalent in Anisometropic Children

Original Article

Journal of the Korean Ophthalmological Society 2018; 59(5): 459-464.

Published online: 17 May 2018

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3341/jkos.2018.59.5.459

A Longitudinal Change of Spherical Equivalent in Anisometropic Children

Jae Hyuk Kim, MD, Sang Hoon Rah, MD, PhD

Department of Ophthalmology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea.

Address reprint requests to Sang Hoon Rah, MD, PhD. Department of Ophthalmology, Yonsei University Wonju Severance Christian Hospital, #20 Ilsan-ro, Wonju 26426, Korea. Tel: 82-33-741-1346, Fax: 82-33-741-0460, shrah@yonsei.ac.kr

Received 21 December 2017 Revised 27 February 2018 Accepted 20 April 2018

The Korean Ophthalmological Society

(open-access):

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Purpose

To demonstrate longitudinal refractive changes of anisometropia children.

Methods

This retrospective study included patients (or children) with anisometropia ≥ 1 diopters (D) for 5 years who visited our hospital between January 2013 and December 2014 with patients having annual refraction test data from 5-years-old to 10-years-old.

Results

A total of 37 children satisfied the inclusion criteria. Twenty-one children had hyperopic anisometropia and 16 children had myopic anisometropia. All hyperopic anisometropia and 12 myopic anisometropia children who had unilateral amblyopia were treated with occlusion therapy. The mean anisometropia at 5 years of age was 3.02 D and in the 37 children, the final degree of anisometropia was not significantly different between the 5-year-old and 10-year-old patients. In the high anisometropia and low anisometropia groups and in the myopia and hyperopia groups, the final degree of anisometropia was not significantly different at 5 years of age versus 10 years of age.

Conclusions

In patients with anisometropia, spherical equivalent values did not show a significant difference when comparing 5-year-old versus 10-year-old patients and changes in the spherical equivalent values of eyes from both groups progressed to the same degree even if there was anisometropia in myopic and hyperopic patients.

Keywords: Anisometropia, Hyperopic anisometropia, Longitudinal change, Myopic anisometropia

Figures and Tables

Figure 1

Five year change of both eye refraction. The plus numbers represent hyperopia and the minus numbers represent myopia. (A) In both hyperopic and myopic anisometropia (37 children). (B) In hyperopic anisometropia (21 children). (C) In myopic anisometropia (16 children).

Table 1

Anisometropia change in 5 years and 10 years

Value are presented as mean ± SD and are presented spherical equivalent. p-value was estimated by Paired t-test.

D = diopter.

Table 2

The change of spherical equivalent refractive errors at the both eyes during 5 years

Value are presented as mean ± SD. The plus numbers represent hyperopia and the minus numbers represent myopia.

D = diopter.

Table 3

Change of hyperopic anisometropia in ~severe (≥3D) and mild (<3D) anisometropia

Value are presented as mean ± SD unless otherwise indicated. The plus numbers represent hyperopia.

D = diopter.

^*p-valued on Paired t-test; ^†p-valued on Wilcoxon sign rank test.

Table 4

Change of hyperopic anisometropia in ~severe (≥5D) and mild (<5D) hyperopia

Value are presented as mean ± SD unless otherwise indicated. The plus numbers represent hyperopia.

D = diopter.

^*p-valued on Paired t-test.

Table 5

Change of myopic anisometropia in ~severe (≥3D) and mild (<3D) anisometropia

Value are presented as mean ± SD unless otherwise indicated. The minus numbers represent myopia.

D = diopter.

^*p-valued on Paired t-test; ^†p-valued on Wilcoxon sign rank test.

Table 6

Change of myopic anisometropia in ~severe (≥6D) and mild (<6D) myopia

Value are presented as mean ± SD unless otherwise indicated. The minus numbers represent myopia.

D = diopter.

^*p-valued on Paired t-test; ^†p-valued on Wilcoxon sign rank test.

Notes

^{Conflicts of Interest} The authors have no conflicts to disclose.

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