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Kim, Han, Jun, and Choi: Progression of Visual Field Loss and Body Mass Index in Normal Tension Glaucoma
Original Article

Journal of the Korean Ophthalmological Society 2017; 58(12): 1404-1409.

Published online: 14 December 2017

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3341/jkos.2017.58.12.1404

Progression of Visual Field Loss and Body Mass Index in Normal Tension Glaucoma

Ah Young Kim, MD, Kyung Eun Han, MD, PhD, Roo Min Jun, MD, PhD, Kyu Ryong Choi, MD, PhD

The Institute of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Department of Ophthalmology, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Address reprint requests to Kyu Ryong Choi, MD, PhD. Department of Ophthalmology, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, #1071 Anyangcheon-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul 07985, Korea. Tel: 82-2-2650-5153, Fax: 82-2-2650-4334, ckrey02@ewha.ac.kr

Received 24 August 2017       Revised 13 October 2017       Accepted 24 November 2017

©2017 The Korean Ophthalmological Society

The Korean Ophthalmological Society

(open-access):

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Purpose

To evaluate the association between body mass index (BMI) and visual field (VF) progression in normal tension glaucoma (NTG) patients.

Methods

We reviewed the medical records of 78 eyes of 78 NTG patients who were treated with eye drops for more than 18 months. Age, sex, existence of hypertension (HTN), diabetes mellitus (DM), refractive error, baseline intraocular pressure (IOP), IOP reduction ratio, baseline VF indices including mean deviation (MD) and pattern standard deviation, VF progression rate (MD slope, dB/year), number of eye drops, and BMI were analyzed. The progression of VF was determined by glaucoma change probability analyses (STATPAC 2) using a Humphrey field analyzer.

Results

The mean follow-up in consecutive eyes was 4.4 ± 2.7 years. A total of 18 eyes showed progression and 60 eyes did not. The VF progression rate (p < 0.001) and number of eye drops (p = 0.024) showed statistical differences, but age, sex, existence of HTN and DM, refractive error, baseline IOP, IOP reduction ratio, baseline VF index, and BMI did not show a statistical difference between the two groups (all, p > 0.05). However, multiple linear regression analyses showed that a lower BMI was significantly associated with faster VF progression in the progression group (β = 0.078; standard error = 0.030; p = 0.027).

Conclusions

In the group in which VF loss progressed despite treatment with eye drops, a lower BMI was associated with progression of VF loss in NTG patients.

Keywords: Body mass index, Normal tension glaucoma, Obesity, Visual field progression

Figures and Tables

Figure 1

Correlations between body mass index (BMI) and the visual field (VF) progression in the progression and non-progression groups. (A) The progression group. (B) The non-progression group (line: linear regression line). MD = mean deviation.

jkos-58-1404-g001
Table 1

Demographics of the study population

jkos-58-1404-i001

Values are presented as mean ± SD unless otherwise indicated.

DM = diabetes mellitus; HTN = hypertension; BMI = body mass index; F/U = follow up.

*T-test; †Chi-square test.

Table 2

Clinical data of the study population

jkos-58-1404-i002

Values are presented as mean ± SD unless otherwise indicated. Number of eye drops (last follow up visit).

IOP = intraocular pressure; VF = visual field; MD = mean deviation; PSD = pattern standard deviation.

*T-test; †Fisher's exact test.

Table 3

Correlations between the VF progression rate and other parameters

jkos-58-1404-i003

VF = visual field; BMI = body mass index; DM = diabetes mellitus; HTN = hypertension; IOP = intraocular pressure; MD = mean deviation; PSD = pattern standard deviation; r = correlation coefficient.

*Pearson's correlation test; †Spearman's correlation test.

Table 4

Multiple linear regression analyses of parameters of the visual field progression rate in the progressive group

jkos-58-1404-i004

SE = standard error; BMI = body mass index; DM = diabetes mellitus; HTN = hypertension; IOP = intraocular pressure; MD = mean deviation; PSD = pattern standard deviation; Disc Hmr = disc hemorrhage.

Notes

Conflicts of Interest The authors have no conflicts to disclose.

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