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Kang, Eom, Rhim, Kang, Kim, and Song: The Effects of Warm Compression on Eyelid Temperature and Lipid Layer Thickness of Tear Film
Original Article

J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2016;57(6):876-880.

Published online: 25 September 2016

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3341/jkos.2016.57.6.876

The Effects of Warm Compression on Eyelid Temperature and Lipid Layer Thickness of Tear Film

Dong Wan Kang, MD, Young Sub Eom, MD, Jay Won Rhim, MD, Su Yeon Kang, MD, Hyo Myung Kim, MD, PhD, Jong Suk Song, MD, PhD

Department of Ophthalmology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea

Address reprint requests to Jong Suk Song, MD, PhD Department of Ophthalmology, Korea University Guro Hospital, #148 Gurodong-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul 08308, Korea Tel: 82-2-2626-1260, Fax: 82-2-857-8580 E-mail: crisim@korea.ac.kr

Received 4 February 2016       Revised 4 April 2016       Accepted 25 May 2016

Copyright © 2016 Korean Ophthalmological Society

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Purpose

Warm compression using a commercial heat pad was used to evaluate the effects of temperature on the eyelids and tear film lipid layer thickness.

Methods

Targeting 13 patients (26 eyes) with non-specific eye disease such as dry eye syndrome or Meibomian gland dysfunction, we measured the average thickness of the tear film lipid layer in both eyes with the LipiView 2® System (Tearscience®, Morrisville, NY, USA). We performed warm compression on the right eye only in order to evaluate the effectiveness of massage and measured the temperature of the right eye lid immediately, 3 minutes, and 5 minutes after compression in order to compare with the untreated left eye. After warm compression for 5 minutes, we measured tear film lipid layer thickness of both eyes and analyzed the effectiveness of warm compression.

Results

The average tear film lipid layer thickness was 55.1 ± 21.0 nm in the right eyes and 53.9 ± 13.9 nm in the left eyes (p = 0.474). Before performing the warm compression, the temperature of the right eye lid was 53.9 ± 13.9 nm, and that of the left was 35.9 ± 0.2 ° C. The eye lid temperature of the right eye immediately, 3 minutes, and 5 minutes after warm compression was 40.3 ± 1.3 ° C, 40.3 ± 1.3 ° C, and 40.3 ± 1.9 ° C, respectively, and these temperatures were relatively constant during the massage. Tear film lipid layer thickness after warm compression in the right eye was 83.5 ± 18.8 nm, which was increased compared to the original temperature (p = 0.001) and showed significant difference compared with the 65.5 ± 27.1 nm in the left eye (p = 0.005).

Conclusions

Warm compression increased the tear film lipid layer thickness and showed a relatively constant increased temperature of 40.3°C over 5 minutes. This technique will be helpful for maintaining tear film lipid layer thickness in patients with Meibomian gland dysfunction.

Keywords: Eye lid temperature, Lipiview, Meibomian gland dysfunction, Warm compression

References

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Figure 1.
Photograph of the Medibeads® (North Coast Medical®, Gilroy, CA, USA).
jkos-57-876f1.tif
Figure 2.
Example of average lipid layer thickness measured (LLT) by LipiView® System (Tearscience®, Morrisville, NY, USA). After warm compression, average LLT was increased 46 nm to 100 + nm.
jkos-57-876f2.tif
Figure 3.
Comparison of average lipid layer thickness between warm compression eye and normal eye. p-value by Paired t-test. *p = 0.005; †p = 0.474.
jkos-57-876f3.tif
Figure 4.
Comparison of average lipid layer thickness between before and after warm compression. OD = oculus dexter; OS = oculus sinister. * Paired t-test.
jkos-57-876f4.tif
Table 1.
Raw data of average lipid layer thickness of the normal group (Unit: nm)
No. Sex/Age Base
 After warm compression
OD OS OD OS
1. M/28 46 65 100 62
2. F/34 75 58 88 55
3. F/36 23 23 56 23
4. M/32 70 70 58 37
5. M/29 29 35 100 49
6. F/29 46 60 100 100
7. F/28 60 59 100 100
8. M/34 59 50 52 53
9. M/41 83 71 100 100
10. M/29 35 45 87 65
11. F/30 71 49 100 71
12. F/29 34 51 84 36
13. M/33 85 65 100 100
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