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Kim, Jin, Lee, and Chang: Analysis of Macular Layer Thickness Measured Using Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography in Korean Subjects
Original Article

J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2016;57(2):264-275.

Published online: 7 September 2016

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3341/jkos.2016.57.2.264

Analysis of Macular Layer Thickness Measured Using Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography in Korean Subjects

Chung Hwan Kim, MD1, Sun Young Jin, MD1, Young Hoon Lee, MD1, Young Suk Chang, MD1, 2

1Department of Ophthalmology, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea

2Myunggok Medical Research Institute, Konyang University, Daejeon, Korea

Address reprint requests to Young Suk Chang, MD Department of Ophthalmology, Konyang University Hospital, #158 Gwanjeodong-ro, Seo-gu, Daejeon 35365, Korea Tel: 82-42-600-9258, Fax: 82-42-600-9251 E-mail: happycys@kyuh.ac.kr

Received 3 September 2015       Revised 10 October 2015       Accepted 21 December 2015

Copyright © 2016 Korean Ophthalmological Society

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Purpose

To analyze macular layer thickness using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) in normal subjects.

Methods

One hundred normal eyes were enrolled in this study. Macular thickness was measured via enhanced depth imaging using Heidelberg Spectralis® OCT, using calipers within the program.

Results

Central subfield thickness was 11.35 ± 2.11 μm in the retinal nerve fiber layer, 13.33 ± 4.16 μm in the ganglion cell layer, 19.38 ± 3.20 μm in the inner plexiform layer, 18.23 ± 4.66 μm in the inner nuclear layer, 23.27± 6.83 μm in the outer plexiform layer, 91.97 ± 9.59 μm in the outer nuclear layer, 16.68 ± 1.83 μm in the retinal pigment epithelium layer, 179.82 ± 29.99 μm in the inner retinal layer, and 88.32 ± 2.81 μm in the photoreceptors layer. No significant differences were observed in the spherical equivalent according to age. Despite no significant differences being present, the macular central subfield thickness was thinner in women than in men.

Conclusions

In the present study, differences in macular layer thickness were found according to age and gender which should be considered when macular diseases are evaluated.

Keywords: Korean normal subjects, Macular layer thickness, Spectral domain optical coherence tomography

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Figure 1.
ETDRS subfields within standard 1-, 3-, and 6-mm di-ameter concentric circles at the right used for reporting retinal thickness (central circle: F, inner ring: SI+NI+II+TI, outer ring: SO+NO+IO+TO). ETDRS = Early Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy Study; F = fovea; SI = superior inner; NI = nasal inner; II = inferior inner; TI = temporal inner; SO = superior outer; NO = nasal outer; IO = inferior outer; TO = temporal outer.
jkos-57-264f1.tif
Table 1.
Demographics of patients
Characteristic Subjects
Patients (n) 50
Sex (male/female) 25/25
Eyes (right/left) 50/50
Age (years) 44.82 ± 12.32
Spherical equivalent (diopter) −0.87 ± 1.75

Values are presented as mean ± SD unless otherwise indicated.

SD = standard deviation.

Table 2.
Macular subfield thicknesses at retinal nerve fiber layer
Sex Age (years) Value Macular subfield thicknesses (μ m)
Foveal Superior inner Nasal inner Inferior inner Temporal inner Superior outer Nasal outer Inferior outer Temporal outer
Male 20-29 Mean 11.50 25.60 20.10 26.30 19.10 40.10 34.40 41.30 32.90
SD 1.65 3.24 3.70 2.58 2.56 3.87 7.02 4.85 15.39
30-39 Mean 12.50 24.70 19.70 25.30 18.60 36.70 32.80 39.70 31.40
SD 2.46 2.21 4.11 2.58 2.50 4.88 7.15 8.11 13.99
40-49 Mean 11.30 24.40 18.20 28.80 20.00 37.80 33.62 44.50 39.50
SD 2.21 3.17 2.04 10.50 2.58 3.77 2.35 13.46 14.20
50-59 Mean 11.10 24.00 19.40 25.50 18.60 37.60 33.70 39.20 31.00
SD 2.60 3.20 2.76 2.12 2.46 5.25 6.26 5.69 12.84
60-69 Mean 10.80 23.40 18.40 25.64 19.30 36.80 31.00 49.40 40.70
SD 1.81 3.17 2.59 2.54 2.00 2.44 2.95 17.43 15.25
Total Mean 11.44 24.42 19.16 26.31 19.12 37.80 33.10 42.82 35.10
SD 2.17 2.99 3.09 2.13 2.39 4.17 4.79 11.22 14.39
Female 20-29 Mean 11.30 25.70 23.00 25.30 19.10 40.90 34.70 39.10 33.70
SD 1.77 2.26 8.88 3.65 3.54 3.31 5.90 5.84 16.13
30-39 Mean 11.10 24.20 18.60 28.60 19.60 38.30 32.42 43.80 39.30
SD 1.91 3.39 2.59 10.51 2.76 3.95 3.73 13.68 14.37
40-49 Mean 11.80 23.40 16.90 24.90 20.40 34.80 33.51 39.40 44.50
SD 2.10 3.06 0.74 2.02 2.01 2.25 1.29 7.24 5.36
50-59 Mean 10.30 21.80 18.90 23.50 19.30 35.00 31.98 38.30 32.80
SD 2.91 1.75 2.38 1.96 2.11 3.53 4.41 3.23 11.23
60-69 Mean 11.80 26.00 20.50 25.90 18.70 41.00 31.02 41.50 28.00
SD 1.40 2.45 2.64 2.69 2.67 2.94 3.39 2.55 14.83
Total Mean 11.26 24.22 19.58 25.64 19.42 38.00 32.73 40.42 35.66
SD 2.07 2.98 4.74 5.33 2.63 4.15 4.36 7.58 13.70
Overall 20-29 Mean 11.40 25.65 21.55 25.80 19.10 40.50 34.55 40.20 33.30
SD 1.67 2.72 6.79 3.12 3.01 3.53 6.08 5.35 15.35
30-39 Mean 11.80 24.45 19.15 26.95 19.10 37.50 32.61 41.75 35.35
SD 2.26 2.80 3.39 7.64 2.61 4.39 5.23 11.14 14.39
40-49 Mean 11.55 23.90 17.55 26.85 20.20 36.30 33.57 41.95 42.00
SD 2.11 3.08 1.64 7.62 2.26 3.39 3.18 10.84 10.76
50-59 Mean 10.70 22.90 19.15 24.50 18.95 36.30 32.84 38.75 31.90
SD 2.72 2.75 2.52 2.24 2.26 4.55 5.08 4.53 11.78
60-69 Mean 11.30 24.70 19.45 25.98 19.00 38.90 31.01 45.45 34.35
SD 1.66 3.06 2.76 2.33 2.32 3.40 3.38 12.78 16.03
Total Mean 11.35 24.32 19.37 26.02 19.27 37.90 32.92 41.62 35.38
SD 2.11 2.97 3.99 2.91 2.50 4.14 4.53 9.60 13.98

SD = standard deviation.

Table 3.
Macular subfield thicknesses at ganglion cell layer
Sex Age (years) Value Macular subfield thicknesses (μ m)
Foveal Superior inner Nasal inner Inferior inner Temporal inner Superior outer Nasal outer Inferior outer Temporal outer
Male 20-29 Mean 13.10 54.20 51.80 53.70 52.30 36.50 38.70 34.20 41.40
SD 3.31 4.78 5.16 3.89 4.24 5.13 4.76 3.22 4.09
30-39 Mean 16.00 55.70 53.80 54.50 51.00 35.00 37.60 34.50 40.60
SD 5.40 3.13 3.39 5.54 7.42 2.16 2.22 2.76 3.10
40-49 Mean 13.30 50.30 46.60 50.20 49.00 35.70 37.00 33.50 40.90
SD 4.42 3.95 3.53 3.82 5.66 1.89 3.06 2.17 2.81
50-59 Mean 13.00 51.00 49.70 51.50 50.00 35.50 37.60 33.80 39.50
SD 5.48 4.57 6.18 4.81 6.15 3.44 3.44 2.90 2.51
60-69 Mean 12.30 51.40 48.80 51.30 45.50 36.50 37.60 33.80 41.00
SD 2.71 5.10 5.03 5.01 9.45 2.17 2.32 2.10 4.97
Total Mean 13.54 52.52 50.14 52.24 49.56 35.84 37.70 33.96 40.68
SD 4.41 4.67 5.22 4.75 6.93 3.12 3.20 2.58 3.52
Female 20-29 Mean 15.00 53.00 50.30 51.90 50.90 33.30 34.00 31.70 37.20
SD 3.53 6.04 6.41 4.86 6.21 2.98 5.03 3.95 4.26
30-39 Mean 11.00 50.20 47.80 50.80 49.00 35.60 36.20 33.00 39.70
SD 2.31 3.58 5.09 3.55 5.23 2.50 3.65 1.83 3.23
40-49 Mean 13.20 52.80 50.20 52.80 52.50 34.90 37.40 34.00 39.90
SD 4.29 4.18 4.34 5.05 6.54 2.56 1.58 3.65 2.02
50-59 Mean 12.80 48.10 45.00 48.40 43.60 34.70 36.00 33.30 38.60
SD 4.76 1.52 4.06 3.86 6.42 1.70 3.59 1.77 3.66
60-69 Mean 13.60 52.60 50.30 51.80 50.00 35.50 39.00 34.10 40.60
SD 3.95 4.03 4.22 4.26 4.62 2.22 3.43 2.56 3.03
Total Mean 13.12 51.34 48.72 51.14 49.20 34.80 36.52 33.22 39.20
SD 3.92 4.41 5.15 4.44 6.39 2.47 3.86 2.91 3.40
Overall 20-29 Mean 14.05 53.60 51.05 52.80 51.60 34.90 36.35 32.95 39.30
SD 3.47 5.34 5.72 4.38 5.23 4.40 5.34 3.73 4.60
30-39 Mean 13.50 52.95 50.80 52.65 50.00 35.30 36.90 33.75 40.15
SD 4.78 4.32 5.22 4.91 6.33 2.30 3.02 2.40 3.12
40-49 Mean 13.25 51.55 48.40 51.50 50.75 35.30 37.20 33.75 40.40
SD 4.24 4.16 4.27 4.56 6.21 2.23 2.38 2.94 2.44
50-59 Mean 12.90 49.55 47.35 49.95 46.80 35.10 36.80 33.55 39.05
SD 4.99 3.63 5.63 4.54 6.94 2.67 3.52 2.35 3.09
60-69 Mean 12.95 52.00 49.55 51.55 47.75 36.00 38.30 33.95 40.80
SD 3.36 4.52 4.58 4.54 7.60 2.20 2.94 2.28 4.01
Total Mean 13.33 51.93 49.43 51.69 49.38 35.32 37.11 33.59 39.94
SD 4.16 4.56 5.21 4.61 6.63 2.85 3.58 2.76 3.52

SD = standard deviation.

Table 4.
Macular subfield thicknesses at inner plexiform layer
Sex Age (years) Value Macular subfield thicknesses (μ m)
Foveal Superior inner Nasal inner Inferior inner Temporal inner Superior outer Nasal outer Inferior outer Temporal outer
Male 20-29 Mean 18.70 41.90 42.40 41.70 41.40 28.90 31.60 26.80 32.40
SD 2.26 3.90 2.22 2.71 3.47 3.45 2.91 2.49 2.67
30-39 Mean 20.80 42.30 43.50 43.00 42.30 28.70 31.60 27.80 33.20
SD 4.16 2.54 3.47 3.06 4.40 2.06 3.81 2.62 2.94
40-49 Mean 19.60 40.30 40.90 40.10 39.90 28.30 31.80 26.30 31.70
SD 2.88 2.00 2.23 2.08 2.51 1.34 2.30 2.67 2.75
50-59 Mean 19.80 40.40 42.10 41.00 39.90 28.50 31.90 26.80 31.90
SD 4.49 3.10 3.35 2.98 2.64 2.22 2.92 2.53 1.97
60-69 Mean 18.00 40.90 40.90 40.50 39.30 29.60 32.50 27.60 33.00
SD 2.31 3.00 2.56 3.31 4.90 1.71 2.64 1.84 1.33
Total Mean 19.38 41.16 41.96 41.26 40.56 28.80 31.88 27.06 32.44
SD 3.36 2.96 2.88 2.93 3.73 2.22 2.85 2.41 2.38
Female 20-29 Mean 20.80 41.30 42.10 41.00 41.90 27.20 30.00 26.20 30.50
SD 3.39 3.30 4.46 3.13 2.73 2.74 3.33 2.90 2.76
30-39 Mean 18.80 40.80 41.60 41.10 40.80 28.60 31.50 26.00 31.20
SD 2.20 2.49 2.37 2.64 2.70 2.17 2.88 2.58 3.16
40-49 Mean 19.50 41.10 42.40 41.50 41.80 28.40 33.60 26.80 30.20
SD 3.75 2.81 3.95 3.41 2.97 2.17 2.32 3.29 2.10
50-59 Mean 18.80 38.60 39.20 38.90 36.90 28.30 31.40 26.70 32.10
SD 3.52 1.26 2.20 2.23 3.54 1.06 1.90 2.00 1.60
60-69 Mean 19.00 41.40 42.70 41.10 41.00 28.00 30.80 26.90 32.60
SD 2.36 2.46 2.21 2.47 3.27 1.49 2.66 2.38 2.59
Total Mean 19.38 40.64 41.60 40.72 40.48 28.10 31.46 26.52 31.32
SD 3.08 2.66 3.31 2.85 3.47 1.99 2.82 2.58 2.57
Overall 20-29 Mean 19.75 41.60 42.25 41.35 41.65 28.05 30.80 26.50 31.45
SD 3.01 3.53 3.43 2.87 3.05 3.15 3.16 2.65 2.82
30-39 Mean 19.80 41.55 42.55 42.05 41.55 28.65 31.55 26.90 32.20
SD 3.40 2.56 3.05 2.95 3.63 2.06 3.28 2.69 3.14
40-49 Mean 19.55 40.70 41.65 40.80 40.85 28.35 32.70 26.55 30.95
SD 3.25 2.41 3.22 2.84 2.85 1.76 2.43 2.93 2.50
50-59 Mean 19.30 39.50 40.65 39.95 38.40 28.40 31.65 26.75 32.00
SD 3.96 2.48 3.13 2.78 3.41 1.70 2.41 2.22 1.75
60-69 Mean 18.50 41.15 41.80 40.80 40.15 28.80 31.65 27.25 32.80
SD 2.33 2.68 2.50 2.86 4.15 1.77 2.72 2.10 2.02
Total Mean 19.38 40.90 41.78 40.99 40.52 28.45 31.67 26.79 31.88
SD 3.20 2.82 3.09 2.89 3.58 2.13 2.83 2.50 2.53

SD = standard deviation.

Table 5.
Macular subfield thicknesses at inner nuclear layer
Sex Age (years) Value Macular subfield thicknesses (μ m)
Foveal Superior inner Nasal inner Inferior inner Temporal inner Superior outer Nasal outer Inferior outer Temporal outer
Male 20-29 Mean 18.00 42.20 40.90 43.20 40.70 33.20 34.30 32.90 35.50
SD 4.71 5.43 3.57 4.44 4.79 2.97 3.13 2.13 2.51
30-39 Mean 18.50 41.90 40.80 41.90 39.60 33.20 34.90 32.80 36.70
SD 4.33 1.20 3.01 1.91 3.34 1.93 1.66 1.23 2.11
40-49 Mean 18.60 43.90 41.10 43.50 43.00 33.10 35.20 33.20 36.00
SD 4.30 5.04 4.18 5.25 5.50 1.97 2.20 1.81 2.31
50-59 Mean 19.70 42.40 41.00 43.10 42.20 33.20 34.70 32.60 35.70
SD 6.96 3.78 3.80 4.20 5.20 2.53 2.16 1.78 1.95
60-69 Mean 16.70 42.80 40.90 43.10 41.00 33.80 35.50 33.90 37.00
SD 3.65 4.89 2.73 4.58 6.85 1.62 2.42 2.18 2.26
Total Mean 18.30 42.64 40.94 42.96 41.30 33.30 34.92 33.08 36.18
SD 4.82 4.23 3.35 4.10 5.18 2.18 2.30 1.84 2.22
Female 20-29 Mean 20.10 38.70 39.00 42.10 39.30 31.00 32.40 31.00 34.30
SD 4.84 3.89 4.50 4.86 4.99 1.76 2.37 1.49 2.63
30-39 Mean 17.10 41.70 39.40 41.50 40.60 33.40 35.30 32.10 35.40
SD 3.54 2.87 3.60 2.80 3.63 2.88 2.75 2.92 2.76
40-49 Mean 18.20 41.70 38.50 42.00 42.10 33.20 35.10 32.20 36.80
SD 4.69 1.95 1.27 1.94 2.60 2.57 1.45 1.03 1.87
50-59 Mean 18.10 41.70 39.80 41.90 41.10 33.10 34.20 33.80 35.50
SD 6.10 3.89 4.57 4.31 6.62 1.37 2.30 3.05 2.22
60-69 Mean 17.30 44.40 42.10 44.10 40.50 33.30 35.80 33.60 35.40
SD 3.23 4.38 3.98 4.18 4.55 2.06 2.66 2.63 2.59
Total Mean 18.16 41.64 39.76 42.32 40.72 32.80 34.56 32.54 35.48
SD 4.53 3.82 3.84 3.73 4.58 2.29 2.56 2.50 2.47
Overall 20-29 Mean 19.05 40.45 39.95 42.65 40.00 32.10 33.35 31.95 34.90
SD 4.77 4.94 4.07 4.57 4.81 2.63 2.87 2.04 2.57
30-39 Mean 17.80 41.80 40.10 41.70 40.10 33.30 35.10 32.45 36.05
SD 3.91 2.14 3.31 2.34 3.43 2.39 2.22 2.21 2.48
40-49 Mean 18.40 42.80 39.80 42.75 42.55 33.15 35.15 32.70 36.40
SD 4.38 3.89 3.29 3.93 4.21 2.23 1.81 1.53 2.09
50-59 Mean 18.90 42.05 40.40 42.50 41.65 33.15 34.45 33.20 35.60
SD 6.42 3.75 4.13 4.19 5.82 1.98 2.19 2.50 2.04
60-69 Mean 17.00 43.60 41.50 43.60 40.75 33.55 35.65 33.75 36.20
SD 3.37 4.59 3.38 4.30 5.66 1.82 2.48 2.36 2.50
Total Mean 18.23 42.14 40.35 42.64 41.01 33.05 34.74 32.81 35.83
SD 4.66 4.04 3.63 3.91 4.87 2.24 2.43 2.20 2.36

SD = standard deviation.

Table 6.
Macular subfield thicknesses at outer plexiform layer
Sex Age (years) Value Macular subfield thicknesses (μ m)
Foveal Superior inner Nasal inner Inferior inner Temporal inner Superior outer Nasal outer Inferior outer Temporal outer
Male 20-29 Mean 22.50 31.40 29.30 32.90 31.10 26.10 27.30 26.30 27.20
SD 5.25 5.97 2.83 11.75 6.35 2.85 2.06 2.83 2.04
30-39 Mean 26.30 39.70 33.50 34.50 34.80 27.20 28.30 27.20 29.70
SD 11.17 14.13 5.80 8.51 12.18 2.57 2.87 2.15 4.79
40-49 Mean 22.30 31.30 32.90 35.10 28.60 26.10 28.70 28.10 28.50
SD 5.96 5.19 5.57 11.35 1.43 1.79 2.87 4.09 3.06
50-59 Mean 22.80 38.30 35.60 37.30 31.10 27.50 29.20 29.10 29.50
SD 7.80 13.59 6.67 13.34 4.23 3.75 2.90 5.30 4.14
60-69 Mean 21.90 32.30 33.40 35.60 29.00 26.60 28.00 28.00 28.20
SD 4.33 5.93 6.80 13.59 2.98 2.88 2.49 4.06 2.25
Total Mean 23.16 34.60 32.94 35.08 30.92 26.70 28.30 27.74 28.62
SD 7.19 10.10 5.85 11.45 6.70 2.78 2.63 3.81 3.41
Female 20-29 Mean 25.70 32.20 31.90 37.40 38.60 24.00 25.00 24.60 27.50
SD 5.50 8.48 7.16 11.56 9.90 1.94 1.94 1.51 3.78
30-39 Mean 21.60 39.90 33.40 31.30 31.30 28.90 27.90 27.00 28.50
SD 4.53 16.48 4.86 5.62 4.88 5.22 1.73 2.05 2.07
40-49 Mean 25.70 44.40 34.00 29.40 35.10 28.90 27.00 26.50 30.70
SD 8.99 17.90 6.24 3.41 9.33 4.63 1.33 2.22 4.30
50-59 Mean 23.20 31.40 36.60 44.00 32.70 26.50 28.50 30.30 31.20
SD 7.60 6.31 7.68 11.53 7.06 2.42 2.64 4.32 4.10
60-69 Mean 20.70 29.70 30.00 30.70 29.20 25.70 28.30 26.70 26.90
SD 4.30 4.90 2.94 5.87 3.22 1.89 3.16 1.95 1.60
Total Mean 23.38 35.52 33.18 34.56 33.38 26.80 27.34 27.02 28.96
SD 6.52 12.90 6.18 9.68 7.75 3.88 2.52 3.11 3.65
Overall 20-29 Mean 24.10 31.80 30.60 35.15 34.85 25.05 26.15 25.45 27.35
SD 5.49 7.15 5.46 11.58 8.96 2.61 2.28 2.37 2.96
30-39 Mean 23.95 39.80 33.45 32.90 33.05 28.05 28.10 27.10 29.10
SD 8.64 14.94 5.21 7.21 9.21 4.10 2.31 2.05 3.64
40-49 Mean 24.00 37.85 33.45 32.25 31.85 27.50 27.85 27.30 29.60
SD 7.63 14.48 5.78 8.66 7.30 3.71 2.35 3.31 3.80
50-59 Mean 23.00 34.85 36.10 40.65 31.90 27.00 28.85 29.70 30.35
SD 7.50 10.90 7.02 12.61 5.72 3.11 2.72 4.75 4.11
60-69 Mean 21.30 31.00 31.70 33.15 29.10 26.15 28.15 27.35 27.55
SD 4.24 5.46 5.39 10.49 3.02 2.41 2.78 3.17 2.01
Total Mean 23.27 35.06 33.06 34.82 32.15 26.75 27.82 27.38 28.79
SD 6.83 11.53 5.99 10.55 7.31 3.36 2.61 3.48 3.52

SD = standard deviation.

Table 7.
Macular subfield thicknesses at outer nuclear layer
Sex Age (years) Value Macular subfield thicknesses (μ m)
Foveal Superior inner Nasal inner Inferior inner Temporal inner Superior outer Nasal outer Inferior outer Temporal outer
Male 20-29 Mean 91.20 70.80 74.30 64.90 73.30 60.50 58.90 52.70 59.10
SD 9.70 9.69 9.31 14.66 11.79 6.85 6.49 7.90 7.74
30-39 Mean 91.70 62.80 70.10 67.10 71.10 54.30 52.80 48.00 54.00
SD 11.70 16.26 10.67 12.41 15.20 5.72 6.63 3.71 8.38
40-49 Mean 91.90 68.10 69.70 62.10 73.20 58.50 54.20 49.40 56.20
SD 10.21 6.40 8.91 11.24 6.51 4.77 7.22 6.28 5.69
50-59 Mean 92.80 63.70 68.80 63.00 73.20 57.70 56.50 49.80 56.20
SD 8.51 10.84 5.29 11.80 7.18 6.50 5.10 4.92 7.39
60-69 Mean 89.00 68.90 69.00 61.50 75.30 59.40 55.30 49.60 58.80
SD 9.89 8.70 11.22 14.51 8.30 6.64 7.32 8.71 6.43
Total Mean 91.32 66.86 70.38 63.72 73.22 58.08 55.54 49.90 56.86
SD 9.72 10.89 9.15 12.63 9.98 6.26 6.66 6.48 7.15
Female 20-29 Mean 87.50 66.30 68.00 56.40 59.20 55.60 53.90 45.90 50.90
SD 8.59 8.94 6.48 17.96 13.22 5.95 5.15 8.44 8.01
30-39 Mean 95.10 62.10 71.60 67.10 73.10 55.80 55.00 49.50 54.40
SD 9.01 12.56 5.48 8.99 5.04 5.49 3.83 5.04 5.89
40-49 Mean 95.00 59.40 72.50 72.30 72.20 53.10 56.50 49.30 51.10
SD 8.73 17.68 8.92 9.25 14.32 6.69 6.57 4.27 8.14
50-59 Mean 89.40 68.50 66.10 53.10 70.10 58.50 54.50 45.90 54.80
SD 7.66 4.62 7.75 10.38 10.35 5.78 6.52 7.14 7.36
60-69 Mean 96.10 70.20 74.40 67.70 74.40 58.40 55.30 50.90 56.50
SD 11.65 8.69 10.27 11.84 8.87 6.04 7.44 7.84 7.40
Total Mean 92.62 65.30 70.52 63.32 69.80 56.28 55.04 48.30 53.54
SD 9.51 11.63 8.22 13.77 11.80 6.10 5.85 6.78 7.43
Overall 20-29 Mean 89.35 68.55 71.15 60.65 66.25 58.05 56.40 49.30 55.00
SD 9.12 9.37 8.45 16.54 14.18 6.73 6.25 8.69 8.74
30-39 Mean 93.40 62.45 70.85 67.10 72.10 55.05 53.90 48.75 54.20
SD 10.31 14.14 8.29 10.55 11.07 5.51 5.39 4.38 7.05
40-49 Mean 93.45 63.75 71.10 67.20 72.70 55.80 55.35 49.35 53.65
SD 9.38 13.69 8.80 11.30 10.84 6.30 6.82 5.22 7.32
50-59 Mean 91.10 66.10 67.45 58.05 71.65 58.10 55.50 47.85 55.50
SD 8.07 8.48 6.61 11.95 8.82 6.00 5.79 6.29 7.21
60-69 Mean 92.55 69.55 71.70 64.60 74.85 58.90 55.30 50.25 57.65
SD 11.13 8.49 10.82 13.28 8.37 6.20 7.18 8.09 6.85
Total Mean 91.97 66.08 70.45 63.52 71.51 57.18 55.29 49.10 55.20
SD 9.59 11.24 8.66 13.15 11.01 6.22 6.24 6.65 7.44

SD = standard deviation.

Table 8.
Macular subfield thicknesses at retinal pigment epithelium layer
Sex Age (years) Value Macular subfield thicknesses (μ m)
Foveal Superior inner Nasal inner Inferior inner Temporal inner Superior outer Nasal outer Inferior outer Temporal outer
Male 20-29 Mean 16.70 13.90 13.60 13.50 14.20 12.70 12.80 12.60 12.30
SD 1.57 1.20 1.07 1.27 1.75 1.06 1.32 0.97 1.49
30-39 Mean 17.70 15.50 14.90 15.20 15.70 14.10 13.60 13.80 13.70
SD 1.25 1.35 1.10 1.23 1.34 0.99 0.97 0.79 1.34
40-49 Mean 16.30 15.20 14.40 14.70 15.00 13.30 12.60 12.50 13.10
SD 1.49 1.14 1.07 1.06 0.94 0.95 0.70 0.97 0.99
50-59 Mean 17.20 14.90 14.10 14.50 14.70 13.00 13.00 12.80 12.60
SD 1.93 1.45 1.52 1.43 1.83 0.94 1.15 0.79 1.35
60-69 Mean 15.90 14.40 13.80 13.60 14.30 12.50 12.10 12.10 12.70
SD 1.45 1.07 0.92 0.97 1.57 1.08 0.88 1.10 1.25
Total Mean 16.76 14.78 14.16 14.30 14.78 13.12 12.82 12.76 12.88
SD 1.62 1.33 1.20 1.33 1.56 1.12 1.10 1.06 1.33
Female 20-29 Mean 17.00 13.80 13.70 12.90 13.60 12.70 12.70 12.10 12.20
SD 2.49 1.23 1.34 1.37 1.43 0.48 1.25 0.74 1.03
30-39 Mean 16.80 14.50 14.10 14.30 14.40 12.80 12.10 12.50 12.50
SD 1.62 1.43 1.45 0.82 1.43 1.14 0.88 0.97 0.85
40-49 Mean 18.00 15.20 14.80 15.10 15.90 13.50 12.90 13.40 13.70
SD 1.63 1.40 1.69 1.20 1.45 0.71 0.88 0.70 0.95
50-59 Mean 15.10 15.00 13.70 14.00 14.10 13.10 12.20 12.30 12.60
SD 1.52 1.33 0.82 1.49 1.29 0.99 0.79 1.34 1.07
60-69 Mean 16.10 14.40 14.30 14.50 14.20 13.10 12.50 12.60 12.80
SD 1.79 1.17 1.16 0.97 1.23 0.88 1.18 0.97 0.92
Total Mean 16.60 14.58 14.12 14.16 14.44 13.04 12.48 12.58 12.76
SD 2.02 1.36 1.33 1.36 1.53 0.88 1.01 1.03 1.06
Overall 20-29 Mean 16.85 13.85 13.65 13.20 13.90 12.70 12.75 12.35 12.25
SD 2.03 1.18 1.18 1.32 1.59 0.80 1.25 0.88 1.25
30-39 Mean 17.25 15.00 14.50 14.75 15.05 13.45 12.85 13.15 13.10
SD 1.48 1.45 1.32 1.12 1.50 1.23 1.18 1.09 1.25
40-49 Mean 17.15 15.20 14.60 14.90 15.45 13.40 12.75 12.95 13.40
SD 1.76 1.24 1.39 1.12 1.28 0.82 0.79 0.94 0.99
50-59 Mean 16.15 14.95 13.90 14.25 14.40 13.05 12.60 12.55 12.60
SD 2.01 1.36 1.21 1.45 1.57 0.94 1.05 1.10 1.19
60-69 Mean 16.00 14.40 14.05 14.05 14.25 12.80 12.30 12.35 12.75
SD 1.59 1.10 1.05 1.05 1.37 1.01 1.03 1.04 1.07
Total Mean 16.68 14.68 14.14 14.23 14.61 13.08 12.65 12.67 12.82
SD 1.83 1.34 1.26 1.34 1.54 1.00 1.07 1.04 1.20

SD = standard deviation.

Table 9.
Macular subfield thicknesses at inner retinal layer
Sex Age (years) Value Macular subfield thicknesses (μ m)
Foveal Superior inner Nasal inner Inferior inner Temporal inner Superior outer Nasal outer Inferior outer Temporal outer
Male 20-29 Mean 183.50 266.40 258.70 263.00 258.30 225.40 225.30 214.40 228.30
SD 38.53 16.65 16.85 17.17 17.73 16.61 22.91 15.70 23.62
30-39 Mean 184.40 267.00 261.60 266.40 257.00 215.60 217.70 210.20 225.90
SD 32.04 11.85 15.61 16.34 21.66 9.98 15.09 12.76 16.74
40-49 Mean 176.20 258.10 249.30 259.20 253.70 219.80 215.40 214.50 232.60
SD 23.17 12.29 11.30 14.23 14.47 9.53 18.01 19.38 19.51
50-59 Mean 188.00 259.90 257.10 261.70 255.00 219.90 223.50 211.10 223.40
SD 47.15 11.00 13.45 12.72 14.94 11.69 20.39 12.27 14.67
60-69 Mean 167.40 240.00 251.60 261.70 249.30 223.20 220.20 222.20 238.50
SD 15.94 61.08 11.88 18.03 23.41 9.46 13.05 21.16 25.17
Total Mean 179.90 258.28 255.66 262.40 254.66 220.78 220.42 214.48 229.74
SD 32.71 30.16 14.16 15.35 18.27 11.77 17.86 16.50 20.22
Female 20-29 Mean 193.50 256.00 253.90 253.60 251.30 212.80 211.10 198.40 214.30
SD 38.14 12.38 14.32 14.77 18.76 10.18 19.44 17.49 23.01
30-39 Mean 173.90 238.70 252.70 259.70 254.40 220.90 214.70 211.10 228.60
SD 19.39 59.81 15.27 13.04 12.21 9.27 21.84 19.23 17.39
40-49 Mean 182.40 262.70 254.60 263.10 264.00 213.40 207.40 207.60 233.10
SD 28.89 11.65 13.12 15.47 17.77 6.77 9.00 13.34 8.90
50-59 Mean 171.10 250.20 245.40 250.10 243.70 216.50 214.40 208.10 224.60
SD 28.02 6.03 11.27 13.15 18.09 5.08 17.72 9.33 17.63
60-69 Mean 177.80 264.90 260.10 261.30 254.00 222.20 228.00 213.70 220.10
SD 16.59 15.47 17.16 17.56 18.06 11.10 20.53 14.33 20.39
Total Mean 179.74 254.50 253.34 257.56 253.48 217.16 215.12 207.78 224.14
SD 27.34 29.19 14.57 15.11 17.70 9.25 18.88 15.42 18.56
Overall 20-29 Mean 188.50 261.20 256.30 258.30 254.80 219.10 218.20 206.40 221.30
SD 37.67 15.24 15.41 16.32 18.13 14.89 21.93 18.14 23.80
30-39 Mean 179.15 252.85 257.15 263.05 255.70 218.25 216.20 210.65 227.25
SD 26.33 44.40 15.71 14.80 17.17 9.76 18.33 15.89 16.67
40-49 Mean 179.30 260.40 251.95 261.15 258.85 216.60 211.40 211.05 232.85
SD 25.69 11.89 12.22 14.60 16.63 8.69 14.45 16.58 14.76
50-59 Mean 179.55 255.05 251.25 255.90 249.35 218.20 218.95 209.60 224.00
SD 38.73 9.97 13.49 13.93 17.15 8.94 19.17 10.72 15.80
60-69 Mean 172.60 252.45 255.85 261.50 251.65 222.70 224.10 217.95 229.30
SD 16.71 45.21 15.01 17.32 20.49 10.05 17.21 18.12 24.21
Total Mean 179.82 256.39 254.50 259.98 254.07 218.97 217.77 211.13 226.94
SD 29.99 29.59 14.34 15.34 17.91 10.69 18.48 16.24 19.51

SD = standard deviation.

Table 10.
Macular subfield thicknesses at photoreceptors layer
Sex Age (years) Value Macular subfield thicknesses (μ m)
Foveal Superior inner Nasal inner Inferior inner Temporal inner Superior outer Nasal outer Inferior outer Temporal outer
Male 20-29 Mean 87.40 80.10 80.70 79.50 81.30 79.00 78.50 77.10 78.10
SD 2.41 1.52 1.77 1.96 2.16 1.63 2.32 2.23 2.23
30-39 Mean 89.80 83.60 83.30 82.30 84.30 82.20 81.20 79.60 81.00
SD 3.19 2.59 2.00 2.16 2.00 1.03 1.23 0.84 1.63
40-49 Mean 89.30 82.00 81.80 80.60 82.70 79.00 77.90 76.60 78.50
SD 2.31 2.21 1.75 2.22 2.06 2.40 1.79 2.37 2.42
50-59 Mean 88.80 82.20 81.70 80.30 82.40 79.90 79.10 77.00 79.10
SD 2.39 2.90 2.36 2.71 3.24 2.64 3.00 2.45 2.51
60-69 Mean 87.60 80.20 80.60 79.70 81.30 78.60 77.90 76.60 77.90
SD 2.63 2.20 1.71 2.36 2.50 2.37 2.56 2.12 2.38
Total Mean 88.58 81.62 81.62 80.48 82.40 79.74 78.92 77.38 78.92
SD 2.67 2.60 2.10 2.42 2.59 2.41 2.50 2.30 2.44
Female 20-29 Mean 86.50 79.40 81.30 78.20 79.70 78.00 78.00 76.50 77.30
SD 2.55 2.41 6.04 2.66 2.75 2.40 2.49 2.22 2.11
30-39 Mean 88.80 82.00 81.70 80.80 82.20 79.10 78.30 77.40 78.60
SD 2.86 2.21 1.83 2.39 2.57 1.73 2.00 1.17 2.07
40-49 Mean 89.50 83.60 82.80 81.00 84.00 81.70 79.80 78.40 80.70
SD 2.80 2.12 1.69 2.16 2.75 1.77 1.87 1.90 1.70
50-59 Mean 87.40 80.30 80.30 79.70 81.50 78.00 77.10 76.40 77.90
SD 3.24 3.68 2.31 2.87 2.99 3.37 2.73 2.80 3.18
60-69 Mean 88.10 81.50 82.30 81.10 82.30 79.10 78.40 77.30 78.70
SD 2.88 1.84 1.95 1.91 2.26 2.13 2.17 2.21 2.36
Total Mean 88.06 81.36 81.68 80.16 81.94 79.18 78.32 77.20 78.64
SD 2.95 2.83 3.20 2.57 2.92 2.64 2.35 2.17 2.52
Overall 20-29 Mean 86.95 79.75 81.00 78.85 80.50 78.50 78.25 76.80 77.70
SD 2.46 2.00 4.34 2.37 2.54 2.06 2.36 2.19 2.15
30-39 Mean 89.30 82.80 82.50 81.55 83.25 80.65 79.75 78.50 79.80
SD 2.99 2.48 2.04 2.35 2.49 2.11 2.20 1.50 2.19
40-49 Mean 89.40 82.80 82.30 80.80 83.35 80.35 78.85 77.50 79.60
SD 2.50 2.26 1.75 2.14 2.46 2.48 2.03 2.28 2.33
50-59 Mean 88.10 81.25 81.00 80.00 81.95 78.95 78.10 76.70 78.50
SD 2.86 3.37 2.38 2.73 3.07 3.10 2.97 2.58 2.86
60-69 Mean 87.85 80.85 81.45 80.40 81.80 78.85 78.15 76.95 78.30
SD 2.70 2.08 1.99 2.21 2.38 2.21 2.32 2.14 2.34
Total Mean 88.32 81.49 81.65 80.32 82.17 79.46 78.62 77.29 78.78
SD 2.81 2.71 2.69 2.49 2.76 2.53 2.43 2.23 2.47

SD = standard deviation.

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