Comparison of Related Factors between Twins in Which Premature of Retinopathy Developed on One Twin

Jae Wan Lim; Jae Ho Yoo; Seung Uk Lee; Sang Joon Lee; Ki Yup Nam

doi:10.3341/jkos.2016.57.10.1592

Journal List > J Korean Ophthalmol Soc > v.57(10) > 1010426

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Lim, Yoo, Lee, Lee, and Nam: Comparison of Related Factors between Twins in Which Premature of Retinopathy Developed on One Twin

Original Article

J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2016;57(10):1592-1597.

Published online: 25 September 2016

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3341/jkos.2016.57.10.1592

Comparison of Related Factors between Twins in Which Premature of Retinopathy Developed on One Twin

Jae Wan Lim, MD, Jae Ho Yoo, MD, Seung Uk Lee, MD, PhD, Sang Joon Lee, MD, PhD, Ki Yup Nam, MD, PhD

Department of Ophthalmology, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea

Address reprint requests to Ki Yup Nam, MD, PhD Department of Ophthalmology, Kosin University Gospel Hospital, #262 Gamcheon-ro, Seo-gu, Busan 49267, Korea Tel: 82-51-990-6140, Fax: 82-51-990-3026 E-mail: oksnam1231@hanmail.net

Received 30 June 2016 Accepted 18 September 2016

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Purpose

To analyze related factors of retinopathy of prematurity by comparing between premature twins in which retinopathy developed on one twin.

Methods: A retrospective survey consisting of 13 premature twins in which retinopathy of prematurity (stage 1 or more) developed on one twin was performed. All twins were born in Kosin University Gospel Hospital. The twins were separated into two groups according to whether they had retinopathy of prematurity: the retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) group and non-ROP group. The twins' gestational age, weight, sex, Apgar score, treatments, blood tests, and neonatal complications were investigated.

Results

There were no significant differences between the twins except platelet count and aspartate aminotransferase. Platelet count was 191 (±46) ⅹ10³/μ L in the ROP group and 240 (±77) ⅹ10³/μ L in the non-ROP group, a significant difference (p = 0.046). Aspartate aminotransferase was 36 (±26.6) IU/L in the ROP group and 22 (±5.9) IU/L in the non-ROP group, a significant difference (p = 0.019).

Conclusions

In conclusion, we found platelet count and aspartate aminotransferase to be significant factors related to development of retinopathy of prematurity. It is thought that these factors should be considered when screening for ROP, although a larger prospective study is be needed before the results can be applied in clinical practice.

Keywords: Aspartate aminotransferase, Platelet, Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), Twin

References

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Table 1.

Comparison of base line characteristics of patients between retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) group and no ROP group

Base line characteristics	ROP group	No ROP group	p-value
The number of twins	13	13
Gestational age (days)	207 ± 14	207 ± 14
Sex (male/female)	11/2	7/6	0.219^†
Weight (g)	1,183 ± 471	1,238 ± 407	0.307^*
First-born/Second-born	10/3	5/8	0.227^†
1 minute Apgar score	4.9 ± 2.3	5.4 ± 1.2	0.438^*
5 minute Apgar score	7.5 ± 0.9	7.7 ± 0.5	0.581^*
Meconium staining	None	None	Not comparable

Values are presented as number or mean ± SD.

^* Based on Wilcoxon signed rank test

^† Based on Mcnemar test.

Table 2.

Comparison of treatment between retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) group and no ROP group

Treatment	ROP group (n = 13)	No ROP group (n = 13)	p-value^*
O² supply	11 (84.6)	11 (84.6)	1.000
Tracheal intubation	10 (76.9)	7 (53.8)	0.250
SIMV	10 (76.9)	7 (53.8)	0.250
CPAP	10 (76.9)	12 (92.3)	0.500
Resuscitation	12 (92.3)	10 (76.9)	0.500
Antenatal steroid	8 (61.5)	8 (61.5)	1.000
Surfactant treatment	8 (61.5)	8 (61.5)	1.000
Blood transfusion	8 (61.5)	8 (61.5)	1.000
TPN	11 (84.6)	11 (84.6)	1.000
Central vein cannulation	11 (84.6)	11 (84.6)	1.000

Values are presented as number (%).

SIMV = synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation; CPAP = continuous positive airway pressure; TPN = total parenteral nutrition.

^* Based on Mcnemar test.

Table 3.

Comparison of neonatal complications between retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) group and no ROP group

Neonatal complications	ROP group (n = 13)	No ROP group (n = 13)	p-value
Respiratory distress syndrome	9 (69.2)	8 (61.5)	1.000^*
Patent ductus arteriosus	9 (69.2)	6 (46.1)	0.375^*
Intraventricular hemorrhage	3 (23.0)	2 (15.3)	1.000^*
Hydrocephalus	0 (0)	0 (0)	Not comparable
Seizure	1 (7.6)	0 (0)	1.000^*
Neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis	0 (0)	0 (0)	Not comparable
Osteopenia	0 (0)	0 (0)	Not comparable
Cholestasis	2 (15.3)	1 (7.6)	1.000^*
Apnea	11 (84.6)	8 (61.5)	0.250^*
Sepsis	2 (15.3)	2 (15.3)	1.000^*
Broncho-pulmonary dysplasia	6 (46.1)	3 (23.0)	0.375^*
Jaundice	12 (92.3)	13 (100)	1.000^*

Values are presented as number (%).

^* Based on Mcnemar test.

Table 4.

Comparison of blood test between retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) group and no ROP group

Blood test	ROP group	No ROP group	p-value^*
Hb (g/dL)	13.8 ± 2.8	13.8 ± 2.8	0.972
WBC (×10³/μ L)	7,998 ± 3,459	8,292 ± 5,032	0.861
Neutrophil (%)	39 ± 17	36 ± 20	0.675
Lymphocyte (%)	50 ± 17	46 ± 24	0.753
Platelet (×10³/μ L)	191 ± 46	240 ± 77	0.046
HS CRP (mg/dL)	0.1 ± 0.3	0.1 ± 0.2	0.735
Blood type (A/B/O/AB)	3/4/5/1	5/4/3/1
BUN (mg/dL)	13.7 ± 9.1	12.6 ± 9.5	0.607
Cr (mg/dL)	0.7 ± 0.3	0.6 ± 0.2	0.844
Na (mEq/L)	137.5 ± 4.2	137.5 ± 3.7	0.682
K (mEq/L)	4.8 ± 0.9	4.5 ± 0.7	0.130
Cl (mEq/L)	106.5 ± 8.5	107.8 ± 7.1	0.195
Ca (mg/dL)	9.1 ± 0.9	9.2 ± 0.8	0.528
P (mg/dL)	6.0 ± 1.0	5.9 ± 1.1	0.600
Mg (mg/dL)	2.2 ± 0.6	2.3 ± 0.7	0.645
Total protein (mg/dL)	4.2 ± 0.6	4.0 ± 0.5	0.965
Albumin (g/dL)	2.9 ± 0.4	3.1 ± 1.1	0.754
TG (mg/dL)	44 ± 46.2	30 ± 27.0	0.209
ALP (IU/L)	228 ± 133	272 ± 154	0.064
Total bilirubin (mg/dL)	4.6 ± 6.1	2.5 ± 1.1	0.530
Direct bilirubin (mg/dL)	1.7 ± 4.2	0.5 ± 0.1	0.138
AST (IU/L)	36 ± 26.6	22 ± 5.9	0.019
ALT (IU/L)	14 ± 23.8	7 ± 2.7	0.344
ABGA O² (mm Hg)	38 ± 14.3	38 ± 14.1	0.346
ABGA CO² (mm Hg)	44 ± 11.2	44 ± 12.0	0.875
TSH (μ IU/mL)	3.7 ± 2.2	4.7 ± 1.4	0.433
Free T4 (ng/dL)	1.2 ± 0.3	1.1 ± 0.3	0.530

Values are presented as mean ± SD unless otherwise indicated.

WBC = white blood cell; HS CRP = high sensitive C-reactive protein; BUN = blood urea nitrogen; TG = triglyceride; ALP = alkaline phos-phatase; AST = aspartate aminotransferase; ALT = alanine aminotransferase; ABGA = arterial blood gas analysis; TSH = thyroid stimulating hormone.

^* Based on Wilcoxon signed rank test.

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