Clinical Efficacy of Topical 3% Diquafosol Tetrasodium in Short Tear Film Break-Up Time Dry Eye

Hyun Ho Jung; Yeon Soo Kang; Mi Sun Sung; Kyung Chul Yoon

doi:10.7469/JKOS.2015.56.03.339

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Jung, Kang, Sung, and Yoon: Clinical Efficacy of Topical 3% Diquafosol Tetrasodium in Short Tear Film Break-Up Time Dry Eye

Original Article

J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2015;56(3):339-344.

Published online: 7 September 2015

DOI: https://doi.org/10.7469/JKOS.2015.56.03.339

Clinical Efficacy of Topical 3% Diquafosol Tetrasodium in Short Tear Film Break-Up Time Dry Eye

Hyun Ho Jung, MD, Yeon Soo Kang, MD, Mi Sun Sung, MD, Kyung Chul Yoon, MD, PhD

Department of Ophthalmology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea

￭ Address reprint requests to Kyung Chul Yoon, MD, PhD Department of Ophthalmology, Chonnam National University Hospital, #42 Jebong-ro, Dong-gu, Gwangju 501-757, Korea Tel: 82-62-220-6741, Fax: 82-62-227-1642 E-mail: kcyoon@jnu.ac.kr

Received 24 May 201425 August 2014 Accepted 1 March 2015

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

초록

Purpose:

To evaluate the clinical efficacy of topical diquafosol tetrasodium 3% ophthalmic solution in patients with short tear film break-up time (BUT) dry eye.

Methods:

This prospective study involved 30 eyes in 30 patients with dry eye who had tear film BUT values ≤5 seconds and schirmer’s 1 test ≥ 5 mm, and showed no improvement with non-preservative sodium hyaluronate (SH) 0.1% artificial tears. All patients were treated with topical diquafosol tetrasodium 3% 6 times a day, in addition to SH 0.1% artificial tears. Schirmer’s 1 test, tear film BUT, keratoepitheliopathy score with fluorescein, conjunctival staining score with lissamine green, and Ocular surface disease index (OSDI) score were evaluated at before treatments, and 1 month and 3 months after treatments.

Results:

Significant improvements of tear film BUT and OSDI were observed at 1 month and 3months after diquafosol tetrasodium 3% administration. At before treatment, and followed up at 1 and 3 months, tear film BUTs were 3.3 ± 1.2, 4.4 ± 1.0 ( p < 0.01) and 4.9 ± 1.1 seconds ( p < 0.01), respectively, and OSDI scores were 43.5 ± 24.4, 34.6 ± 25.0 ( p = 0.01) and 26.7 ± 21.5 ( p < 0.01), respectively. There were no significant changes of Schirmer’s score, keratoepitheliopathy, and conjunctival staining score. After diquafosol tetrasodium 3% administration, severe adverse effects were not found in any of the patients.

Conclusions:

Topical diquafosol tetrasodium 3% administration was shown to be an effective treatment for improvements of tear film stability and dry eye symptoms.

Keywords: Diquafosol tetrasodium 3%, Dry eye, Short tear film break-up time

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Figure 1.

Changes of tear film and ocular surface parameters before and after treatment with topical 3% diquafosol tetrasodium. (A) Schirmer’s I test. (B) Tear film break-up time. (C) Corneal staining score. (D) Conjunctival staining score. ^* p < 0.05 compared with baseline; ^† p < 0.05 compared with 1 month after treatment.

Table 1.

Demographics of patients with short tear film break-up time dry eye

Age
Years (range)	49.6 ± 16.2 (28-61)
Sex (M:F)	5:25
Schirmer’s I test (mm/5 min)	7.6 ± 2.5
Tear film break-up time (sec)	3.3 ± 1.2
Corneal staining score (0-9)	1.6 ± 1.0
Conjunctival staining score (0-5)	1.2 ± 0.4
Overall OSDI score (0-100)	43.5 ± 24.4

Values are presented as mean ± SD.

OSDI = ocular surface disease index.

Table 2.

Changes of ocular surface disease index before and after treatment with topical 3% diquafosol tetrasodium

OSDI score	Baseline	After 1 month	After 3 months	p-value^*	p-value^†	p-value^‡
Ocular symptoms (3 items)	13.2 ± 4.2	9.2 ± 5.8	5.9 ± 3.9	<0.01	<0.01	<0.01
Vision-related function (6 items)	20.2 ± 10.7	16.4 ± 11.4	14.0 ± 8.8	0.09	0.01	0.13
Environmental triggers (3 items)	10.1 ± 4.7	9.0 ± 5.7	6.8 ±4.7	0.26	<0.01	0.07
Overall	43.5 ± 24.4	34.6 ± 25.0	26.7 ± 21.5	0.01	<0.01	0.01

Values are presented as mean ± SD.

OSDI = ocular surface disease index.

^* Difference between before and 1 month after treatment;

^† Difference between before and 3 months after treatment;

^‡ Difference between 1 month and 3 months after treatment.

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