Journal List > J Korean Ophthalmol Soc > v.55(6) > 1009988

Kim, Kim, Choi, Kim, and Oh: A Study of Foveal Shape in Emmetropia and Myopia Using Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography

Abstract

Purpose

To investigate the shape of normal fovea in Korean subjects in their 20's using spectral domain optical coherence to-mography (SD-OCT).

Methods

One hundred-twelve emmetropic eyes of 60 subjects and 100 myopic eyes of 58 subjects between 20 and 29 years of age were included in this study. Central foveal thickness (CFT), regional maximal retinal thickness (MRT), pit diameter, pit depth, and slope were obtained using Spectralis OCT and analyzed according to spherical equivalent and gender.

Results

In emmetropic and myopic eyes, MRT was significantly thinner temporally (p < 0.001) than in other regions and pit diam-eter was wider horizontally than vertically (p < 0.001). The CFT was significantly thicker and all regional MRT was thinner in my-opic eyes than in emmetropic eyes (p < 0.001). Foveal pits were narrower and shallower in myopic eyes (p < 0.001). In both groups, CFT and all regional MRT in males were significantly thicker than in females (p < 0.05); however, no difference between the genders in horizontal pit diameter, pit depth, and slope were found.

Conclusions

In normal subjects, statistically significant differences were found in foveal shapes between subjects with different spherical equivalent and gender. These differences should be considered when interpreting a foveal shape. Knowledge of the normal foveal morphology is important when conducting further macular studies.

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Figure 1.
Illustration of the measured parameters. CFT = cen-tral foveal thickness; MRT = maximal retinal thickness.
jkos-55-833f1.tif
Table 1.
Demographics of patients
Emmetropia Myopia p-value
Number of subjects (eyes) 60 (112) 58 (100)
Sex (M/F) 70/42 50/50 0.067*
Age (years) 24.9 ± 2.8 24.6 ± 2.8 0.391
Spherical equivalent (diopter) -0.65 ± 0.45 -7.06 ± 1.37 <0.001
BCVA (scale) 0.97 ± 0.07 0.97 ± 0.06 0.606

Values are presented as mean ± SD.

BCVA = best corrected visual acuity.

* Pearson's chi square test;

Independent t-test.

Table 2.
Morphometric parameters in the 2 groups
Emmetropia Myopia p-value*
Horizontal CFT (μm) 213.63 ± 15.57 227.19 ± 19.87 <0.001
Vertical CFT (μm) 213.07 ± 13.77 228.07 ± 20.50 <0.001
Superior MRT (μm) 364.70 ± 14.59 352.54 ± 17.88 <0.001
Nasal MRT (μm) 362.48 ± 13.93 351.27 ± 15.80 <0.001
Inferior MRT (μm) 358.21 ± 14.38 347.16 ± 15.65 <0.001
Temporal MRT (μm) 340.00 ± 14.83 332.06 ± 16.53 <0.001
Horizontal pit diameter (μm) 2424.03 ± 287.25 2204.11 ± 228.45 <0.001
Vertical pit diameter (μm) 2144.43 ± 263.12 2020.67 ± 221.48 <0.001
Pit depth (μm) 150.59 ± 21.48 129.78 ± 22.05 <0.001
Slope (°) 6.56 ± 0.56 6.62 ± 0.54 0.406

Values are presented as mean ± SD.

CFT = central foveal thickness; MRT = maximal retinal thickness.

* Independent t-test.

Table 3.
Morphometric parameters by gender in the 2 groups
Emmetropia
Myopia
Male Female p-value* Male Female p-value*
Horizontal CFT (μm) 216.20 ± 17.07 209.33 ± 11.65 0.023 236.82 ± 16.60 217.56 ± 18.26 <0.001
Vertical CFT (μm) 215.86 ± 15.39 208.43 ± 8.93 0.005 237.58 ± 17.55 218.56 ± 18.88 <0.001
Superior MRT (μm) 396.86 ± 14.62 356.10 ± 9.78 <0.001 361.40 ± 14.94 343.68 ± 16.21 <0.001
Nasal MRT (μm) 368.80 ± 12.01 351.95 ± 10.03 <0.001 358.86 ± 15.17 343.68 ± 12.53 <0.001
Inferior MRT (μm) 363.66 ± 14.29 349.14 ± 9.02 <0.001 353.72 ± 15.14 340.60 ± 13.34 <0.001
Temporal MRT (μm) 346.43 ± 14.92 329.29 ± 5.68 <0.001 340.44 ± 13.85 323.68 ± 14.72 <0.001
Horizontal pit diameter (μm) 2389.86 ± 290.47 2480.98 ± 275.81 0.104 2163.70 ± 198.46 2244.52 ± 250.45 0.077
Vertical pit diameter (μm) 2062.69 ± 244.12 2280.67 ± 238.17 <0.001 1923.04 ± 118.46 2118.30 ± 256.17 <0.001
Pit depth (μm) 151.11 ± 24.99 149.71 ± 14.04 0.705 126.74 ± 19.31 132.82 ± 24.30 0.169
Slope (?) 6.52 ± 0.57 6.61 ± 0.54 0.417 6.65 ± 0.57 6.59 ± 0.50 0.566

Values are presented as mean ± SD.

CFT = central foveal thickness; MRT = maximal retinal thickness.

* Independent t-test.

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