A Case of Optic Atrophy and Visual Field Defect in Periventricular Leukomalacia

Ho Yun Kim; Hee Young Choi; Ji Woong Lee

doi:10.3341/jkos.2013.54.6.987

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Kim, Choi, and Lee: A Case of Optic Atrophy and Visual Field Defect in Periventricular Leukomalacia

Original Article

J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2013;54(6):987-993.

Published online: 7 September 2013

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3341/jkos.2013.54.6.987

A Case of Optic Atrophy and Visual Field Defect in Periventricular Leukomalacia

Ho Yun Kim, MD, Hee Young Choi, MD, PhD, Ji Woong Lee, MD, PhD

Department of Ophthalmology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea

Address reprint requests to Ji Woong Lee, MD, PhD Department of Ophthalmology, Pusan National University Hospital #179 Gudeok-ro, Seo-gu 602-739, Busan Tel: 82-51-240-7319, Fax: 82-51-240-7341, E-mail: glaucoma@pusan.ac.kr

Received 20 October 201230 December 2012 Accepted 23 March 2013

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Purpose

To report a case of visual field defect and optic atrophy in a patient with periventricular leukomalacia.

Case summary

A 22-year-old woman was referred to our hospital for further glaucoma evaluation. She was diagnosed with normal tension glaucoma by her local ophthalmologist. Best corrected visual acuity and intraocular pressure were 1.0 and 16 mm Hg in both eyes, respectively. Fundus examination showed a cup disc ratio of 0.36 in the right eye and 0.34 in the left eye. However, the optic disc had temporal pallor. Red-free photograph and optical coherence tomography showed supratemporal retinal nerve fiber layer atrophy. Visual field examinations revealed inferior visual field defect in both eyes. The patient was born at 34 weeks of gestation with a birth weight of 1600 g. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed periventricular leukomalacia.

Conclusions

The author presents a case of periventricular leukomalacia with inferior visual field defect and optic atrophy in a patient who was previously diagnosed with glaucoma. If non-specific clinical features that differ from typical glaucoma-tous clinical features are observed in a patient with a history of prematurity, a brain MRI can aid the diagnosis.

Keywords: Optic atrophy, Periventricular leukomalasia, Visual field defect

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Figure 1.

Retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and color fundus photographs of the patient at initial visit. Cup-disc ratio is 0.36 in the right eye (A) and 0.34 in the left eye (B). Optic discs have temporal pallor in both eyes. Superotemporal RNFL defects with intact neuroretinal rim in the both eyes (C, D).

Figure 2.

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) (A) and Heidelberg retinal tomography (HRT) (B). Superotemporal retinal nerve fi-ber layer (RNFL) defects were detected in the RNFL thickness deviation map on OCT with normal Moorfield Regression Analysis (MRA) on HRT in both eyes.

Figure 3.

Automated visual field examinations showed bilateral inferior visual field defect in the left eye (A) and right eye (B).

Figure 4.

The patient’s brain MRI. Magnetic resonance imaging (fluid-attenuated inversion recovery sequence) shows high signal intensity in the optic radiations (black arrows) and the corticospinal pathways (white arrow). Posterior ventricles were enlarged.

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