Abstract
Purpose
To investigate the correlation of binocular visual field (VF) with vision-specific quality of life in glaucoma patients.
Methods
Sixty patients who were diagnosed as open-angle glaucoma were recruited for the present study. The patients had at least moderate VF defect in 1 eye. VF testing was performed using the unilateral Humphrey Field Analyzer (HFA) and binocular Esterman VF test which was divided into 6 clusters: upper and lower center 10′, upper and lower center 30′, and upper and lower periphery. The 25-item National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire (VFQ) was used to evaluate patients’ vision-specific quality of life. We analyzed the correlation between the efficiency score of each cluster from binocular Esterman VF test, mean deviation of HFA, and the scores of VFQ (Spearman correlation).
Results
The correlation between the composition score of VFQ and total score of binocular Esterman visual field test was significant. The highest correlation was observed in the lower periphery cluster (all p < 0.05). For general vision, the lower center 10’ visual field was strongly correlated (p = 0.011), and for driving, the upper peripheral visual field was the strongest correlated (p = 0.038). The level of mean deviation in the worse eye showed significant correlation with composition score of questionnaire (p = 0.008), otherwise the level of mean deviation in the better eye did not show any significant correlation (p > 0.05).
References
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Figure 1.
(A) Binocular Esterman visual field. Sixty patients who had bilateral visual field defect underwent binocular Esterman visual field test. The Esterman VF which uses fixed stimulus intensity of 10dB is a grid of 120 test points to examine more than 130’ of visual field. It gives more weight to central and inferior parts of visual field. (B) This figure shows the 6 clusters we divided the binocular visual field into - upper and lower central 10’, upper and lower central 30’, upper and lower periphery.
![jkos-54-1567f1.tif](/upload/SynapseXML/0035jkos/thumb/jkos-54-1567f1.gif)
Figure 2.
The average efficient score of each cluster in binocular Esterman visual field Esterman efficient score (%) = (number of point which patients can see) / (total number of point in each cluster) × 100.
![jkos-54-1567f2.tif](/upload/SynapseXML/0035jkos/thumb/jkos-54-1567f2.gif)
Figure 3.
The average score of each subscale in Visual Function Questionnaire (VFQ). We assessed patients’ vision- specific quality of life by using the Korean version of the 25-item National Eye institute Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI VFQ-25). The VFQ is compsed of 12 subscales and a composite score. The figure showes the average score of each subscale and composition score.
![jkos-54-1567f3.tif](/upload/SynapseXML/0035jkos/thumb/jkos-54-1567f3.gif)
Table 1.
Demographics of the study subjects
Table 2.
The results of correlation coefficients between all clusters of binocular Esterman visual field test and the NEI VFQ-25 (25-item National Eye institute Visual Function Questionnaire)
Correlation coefficients (n = 60) | Esterman total score | Upper 10’ | Upper 30’ | Upperperiphery | Lower 10’ | Lower 30’ | Lowerperiphery |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Composition score | 0.40 | 0.08 | 0.23 | 0.44* | 0.28* | 0.22 | 0.40* |
General health | 0.40* | 0.23 | 0.13 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.12 | 0.01 |
General vision | 0.43 | 0.05 | 0.11 | 0.30* | 0.42* | 0.33* | 0.35* |
Ocular Pain | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.60 | 0.09 | 0.08 | 0.03 | 0.04 |
Near activities | 0.35* | 0.19 | 0.29* | 0.34* | 0.27 | 0.19 | 0.33* |
Distance activities | 0.37* | 0.11 | 0.24 | 0.40* | 0.28* | 0.21 | 0.38* |
Social function | 0.29* | 0.10 | 0.18 | 0.32 | 0.32* | 0.25 | 0.29* |
Mental health | 0.23 | 0.11 | 0.18 | 0.31 | 0.28* | 0.13 | 0.23 |
Role difficulties | 0.27 | 0.02 | 0.14 | 0.42* | 0.12 | 0.11 | 0.34* |
Dependency | 0.28* | 0.13 | 0.25 | 0.41* | 0.18 | 0.16 | 0.34* |
Driving | 0.19 | 0.21 | 0.28 | 0.34* | 0.15 | 0.07 | 0.12 |
Color vision | 0.29* | 0.13 | 0.28 | 0.40* | 0.20 | 0.23 | 0.36* |
Peripheral vision | 0.32* | 0.05 | 0.21 | 0.34* | 0.20 | 0.23 | 0.34* |
Table 3.
The results of correlation coefficients between mean deviation of Humphrey Visual Field Analyzer and the NEI VFQ-25 (25-item National Eye institute Visual Function Questionnaire)
Correlation coefficients (n = 60) | MD (dB) in the better eye | MD (dB) in the worse eye |
---|---|---|
Composition score | 0.22 | 0.32* |
General health | 0.02 | 0.05 |
General vision | 0.14 | 0.27* |
Ocular Pain | 0.06 | 0.26 |
Near activities | 0.17 | 0.33* |
Distance activities | 0.32 | 0.44* |
Social function | 0.25 | 0.40* |
Mental health | 0.23 | 0.14 |
Role difficulties | 0.07 | 0.23 |
Dependency | 0.22 | 0.13 |
Driving | 0.09 | 0.17 |
Color vision | 0.18 | 0.40* |
Peripheral vision | 0.14 | 0.32* |