Abstract
Purpose
To investigate the normal range of ocular torsion in Koreans with no ophthalmologic history using fundus photo-graphs and optical coherence tomography and compare the results of the two methods.
Methods
Fundus photographs and optical coherence tomography were conducted in 400 eyes of 200 people with no oph-thalmologic history. ImageJ® was used to measure the center of the optic nerve head to foveal angle with fundus photographs. For optical coherence tomography, the fovea-to-disc alignment function in the computer program was used to automati-cally calculate the angle. Then, the calculated angles measured by the two different methods were compared.
Results
In fundus photographs, the angle of the fovea from the center of the optic nerve head was 6.26 ± 2.92 degree in the right eye, 6.65 ± 2.58 degree in the left eye, and the mean value was 6.47 ± 2.76 degrees. From the automatic calcu-lation in optical coherence tomography, the angle of the fovea from the center of the optic nerve head was 6.12 ± 3.00 de-gree in the right eye, 6.83 ± 2.70 degree in the left eye, and the mean value was 6.52 ± 2.83 degrees. There was no statisti-cally significant difference between the results of the two different methods. In addition, no statistically significant differ-ence was observed between the right and left eyes, sexes, or ages.
References
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Figure 1.
(A) The measurement of disc foveal distance and angle. ‘a’ is horizontal optic disc center-foveal distance. ‘b’ is vertical optic disc center-foveal distance. ‘θ’ is the angle between the optic disc center and the fovea; tan θ = b/a. (B) The measurement of the optic disc center-foveal angle using ImageJ program. ‘a’ is a horizontal line drawn from the optic disc center. ‘b’ is a line drawn from the optic disc center to the fovea. ‘θ’ is the angle between the line a and b.
![jkos-54-1091f1.tif](/upload/SynapseXML/0035jkos/thumb/jkos-54-1091f1.gif)
Figure 2.
The measurement of the angle between the optic disc center and the fovea using Spectralis optical coherent tomography. Heidelberg eye explorer software provides fo-vea-to-disc alignment function which can accurately measure the angle between the optic disc center and the fovea.
![jkos-54-1091f2.tif](/upload/SynapseXML/0035jkos/thumb/jkos-54-1091f2.gif)
Table 1.
Age and sex distribution of subjects in this study
No. (%) | Age (year) | Range (year) | |
---|---|---|---|
Male | 115 (57.5) | 38.8 ± 17.3 | 3-74 |
Female | 85 (42.5) | 41.4 ± 19.7 | 10-79 |
Total | 200 (100) | 39.9 ± 18.4 | 3-79 |
Table 2.
Results of disc-foveal angle measured from fundus photographs and optical coherent tomography
Disc-foveal angle from fundus photographs Deviation (Degree) | Disc-foveal angle from OCT Deviation (Degree) | p-value* | |
---|---|---|---|
Right eye | 6.15 ± 2.86 | 6.11 ± 2.84 | 0.74 |
Left eye | 6.59 ± 2.51 | 6.75 ± 2.70 | 0.07 |
Total | 6.37 ± 2.69 | 6.43 ± 2.78 | 0.34 |
Difference between eyes | 2.98 ± 2.17 | 3.01 ± 2.35 | 0.84 |
Table 3.
Mean value of disc-foveal angle measured from fundus photograph and optical coherent tomography according to age
Age (year) | 0-19 | 20-39 | 40-59 | ≥60 | p-value* |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Disc-foveal angle from fundus photographs (degree) | 6.33 ± 2.88 | 6.59 ± 2.68 | 6.18 ± 2.59 | 6.38 ± 2.69 | 0.71 |
Difference between the eyes | 3.15 ± 2.31 | 2.60 ± 1.83 | 3.03 ± 2.34 | 3.31 ± 2.20 | 0.41 |
Disc-foveal angle from OCT (degree) | 6.48 ± 3.16 | 6.54 ± 2.77 | 6.12 ± 2.64 | 6.70 ± 2.55 | 0.49 |
Difference between the eyes | 3.61 ± 2.13 | 2.48 ± 1.77 | 3.08 ± 2.69 | 2.98 ± 2.04 | 0.13 |
Table 4.
The comparison of disc-foveal angle measured from fundus photograph and optical coherent tomography between male and female
Male | Female | p-value | |
---|---|---|---|
Disc-foveal angle from fundus photographs (degree) | 6.36 ± 2.66 | 6.38 ± 2.75 | NS* |
Difference between the eyes | 3.01 ± 2.21 | 2.96 ± 2.14 | NS* |
Disc-foveal angle from OCT (degree) | 6.37 ± 2.75 | 6.50 ± 2.84 | NS* |
Difference between the eyes | 3.09 ± 2.41 | 2.91 ± 2.28 | NS* |